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Cardiology1323 papers

Hypoxia

Last edited: 4/23/2026

Overview

Hypoxia refers to a deficiency in the amount of oxygen reaching tissues, leading to cellular dysfunction and potential organ damage. Neonatal hypoxia-ischemia is particularly critical, often causing severe neurological deficits and mortality 1 29.

Diagnosis

Clinical Presentation: Symptoms include altered mental status, respiratory distress, and cardiovascular instability 21.

Laboratory Tests: Blood gas analysis to measure oxygen saturation and acid-base status 16.

Imaging: MRI and OG-dMRI for detecting structural brain changes post-hypoxia-ischemia 13 25.

Neurodevelopmental Assessments: Longitudinal evaluations to monitor cognitive and motor outcomes 1 15.

Management

Resuscitation: Oxygen therapy with careful monitoring of oxygen saturation; normoxic vs hyperoxic resuscitation based on systemic circulation status 51.

Therapeutic Hypothermia: Induced cooling to 33-34°C for 72 hours post-insult to reduce secondary brain injury 9.

Pharmacological Interventions:

- Ulinastatin: Potential neuroprotective effects 8. - Hydrogen Saline: Neuroprotective in neonatal models 55. - Simvastatin: Neuroprotection via autophagy and SIRT1 activation 18.

Supportive Care: Mechanical ventilation, hemodynamic support, and management of complications like seizures 21.

Special Populations

Pediatrics: Neonatal hypoxia-ischemia requires specialized care including therapeutic hypothermia 9 15.

Pregnancy: Maternal interventions like Plinia trunciflora extract may attenuate neurological deficits in neonates 1.

Comorbidities: Consideration of additional stressors like chronic hypoxia in high-altitude workers 22.

Key Recommendations

Initiate Therapeutic Hypothermia in neonates with hypoxia-ischemia to reduce brain injury (Evidence: Strong 9).

Monitor Oxygen Saturation carefully during resuscitation, tailoring oxygen levels based on systemic circulation status (Evidence: Moderate 51).

Consider Pharmacological Interventions such as ulinastatin and hydrogen saline for neuroprotection in neonatal models (Evidence: Moderate 8 55).

Utilize Advanced Imaging Techniques like OG-dMRI for early detection of brain injury (Evidence: Moderate 13 25).

Provide Comprehensive Neurodevelopmental Follow-Up to assess long-term outcomes (Evidence: Expert opinion).

References

Showing 100 most recent of 232 indexed papers.

1 Carvalho AVS, Hoeper ES, Dúran-Carabali LE, Junior AW, Moura S, Konrath EL et al.. Maternal Plinia trunciflora extract attenuates anxiety but not memory deficits after neonatal hypoxia-ischemia in rats. The Journal of nutritional biochemistry 2026. link 2 Post TE, Denney C, Cohen A, Jordan J, Limper U. Human hypoxia models in aerospace medicine: Potential applications for human pharmacological research. British journal of clinical pharmacology 2026. link 3 Ye H, Chu LH, Xie GH, Hua YJ, Lou Y, Wang QH et al.. Effect of lateral versus supine positioning on hypoxaemia in sedated adults: multicentre randomised controlled trial. BMJ (Clinical research ed.) 2025. link 4 Mascone SE, Limberg JK, Blake EF, Weiner CM, Eagan LE, Khan SE et al.. Flow-mediated dilation decreases in women, but not men, following mild acute intermittent hypoxia. Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) 2025. link 5 Nunes RR, Durán-Carabali LE, Ribeiro NH, Sirena DH, Tassinari ID, Netto CA et al.. Impact of peripheral immune cells in experimental neonatal hypoxia-ischemia: A systematic review and meta-analysis. International immunopharmacology 2025. link 6 Ott BD, Chisolm DO, Griffin MJ, Torrans EL, Allen PJ. Effect of hypoxia duration and pattern on channel Catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) neuropeptide gene expression and hematology. Journal of comparative physiology. B, Biochemical, systemic, and environmental physiology 2023. link 7 Durán-Carabali LE, Da Silva JL, Colucci ACM, Netto CA, De Fraga LS. Protective effect of sex steroid hormones on morphological and cellular outcomes after neonatal hypoxia-ischemia: A meta-analysis of preclinical studies. Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews 2023. link 8 Kim YS, Sohn SH, Min TJ. Protective Effect of Ulinastatin on Cognitive Function After Hypoxia. Neuromolecular medicine 2023. link 9 Zang J, Colucci ACM, Tassinari ID, Nunes RR, Andrade MKG, Spies FF et al.. Short-term effects of therapeutic hypothermia following hypoxia-ischemia in neonatal male and female rats. International journal of developmental neuroscience : the official journal of the International Society for Developmental Neuroscience 2023. link 10 Hayashi Y, Hosoe N, Takabayashi K, Limpias Kamiya KJL, Tojo A, Sakurai H et al.. Efficacy of capnographic and bispectral index monitoring on trans-oral therapeutic endoscopy: A prospective observational study. Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology 2022. link 11 Li TT, Xin DQ, Ke HF, Chu XL, Zhao YJ, Yue SW et al.. L-Cysteine attenuates osteopontin-mediated neuroinflammation following hypoxia-ischemia insult in neonatal mice by inducing S-sulfhydration of Stat3. Acta pharmacologica Sinica 2022. link 12 Tang JJ, Li GX, Liu ZG, Yi R, Yu D, Zhang YB et al.. Danlou Tablet Improves Chronic Intermittent Hypoxia-Induced Dyslipidemia and Arteriosclerosis by HIF-1α-Angptl4 mRNA Signaling Pathway. Chinese journal of integrative medicine 2022. link 13 Gao F, Shen X, Zhang H, Ba R, Ma X, Lai C et al.. Feasibility of oscillating and pulsed gradient diffusion MRI to assess neonatal hypoxia-ischemia on clinical systems. Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism 2021. link 14 Mike JK, Pathipati P, Sheldon RA, Ferriero DM. Changes in arginase isoforms in a murine model of neonatal brain hypoxia-ischemia. Pediatric research 2021. link 15 Durán-Carabali LE, Odorcyk FK, Greggio S, Venturin GT, Sanches EF, Schu GG et al.. Pre- and early postnatal enriched environmental experiences prevent neonatal hypoxia-ischemia late neurodegeneration via metabolic and neuroplastic mechanisms. Journal of neurochemistry 2021. link 16 Balayla J, Shrem G. Solving the Obstetrical Paradox: The FETAL Technique-A Step toward Noninvasive Evaluation of Fetal pH. Journal of pregnancy 2020. link 17 Wang Y, Duo D, Yan Y, He R, Wang S, Wang A et al.. Extract of Salvia przewalskii Repair Tissue Damage in Chronic Hypoxia Maybe through the RhoA-ROCK Signalling Pathway. Biological & pharmaceutical bulletin 2020. link 18 Carloni S, Balduini W. Simvastatin preconditioning confers neuroprotection against hypoxia-ischemia induced brain damage in neonatal rats via autophagy and silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1) activation. Experimental neurology 2020. link 19 Kim A, Jung HG, Kim SC, Choi M, Park JY, Lee SG et al.. Astrocytic AEG-1 regulates expression of TREK-1 under acute hypoxia. Cell biochemistry and function 2020. link 20 Kelestemur T, Beker MC, Caglayan AB, Caglayan B, Altunay S, Kutlu S et al.. Normobaric oxygen treatment improves neuronal survival functional recovery and axonal plasticity after newborn hypoxia-ischemia. Behavioural brain research 2020. link 21 Shaw V, Davies A, Ong BN. A collaborative approach to facilitate professionals to support the breathless patient. BMJ supportive & palliative care 2019. link 22 Reveco R, Velásquez M, Bustos L, Goyenechea M, Bachelet V. Determining the Operating Costs of a Medical Surveillance Program for Copper Miners Exposed to High Altitude-Induced Chronic Intermittent Hypoxia in Chile Using a Combination of Microcosting and Time-Driven Activity-Based Costing. Value in health regional issues 2019. link 23 Durán-Carabali LE, Arcego DM, Sanches EF, Odorcyk FK, Marques MR, Tosta A et al.. Preventive and therapeutic effects of environmental enrichment in Wistar rats submitted to neonatal hypoxia-ischemia. Behavioural brain research 2019. link 24 Guan P, Lin XM, Yang SC, Guo YJ, Li WY, Zhao YS et al.. Hydrogen gas reduces chronic intermittent hypoxia-induced hypertension by inhibiting sympathetic nerve activity and increasing vasodilator responses via the antioxidation. Journal of cellular biochemistry 2019. link 25 Wu D, Martin LJ, Northington FJ, Zhang J. Oscillating-gradient diffusion magnetic resonance imaging detects acute subcellular structural changes in the mouse forebrain after neonatal hypoxia-ischemia. Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism 2019. link 26 Durán-Carabali LE, Arcego DM, Odorcyk FK, Reichert L, Cordeiro JL, Sanches EF et al.. Prenatal and Early Postnatal Environmental Enrichment Reduce Acute Cell Death and Prevent Neurodevelopment and Memory Impairments in Rats Submitted to Neonatal Hypoxia Ischemia. Molecular neurobiology 2018. link 27 Ye Q, Wu Y, Wu J, Zou S, Al-Zaazaai AA, Zhang H et al.. Neural Stem Cells Expressing bFGF Reduce Brain Damage and Restore Sensorimotor Function after Neonatal Hypoxia-Ischemia. Cellular physiology and biochemistry : international journal of experimental cellular physiology, biochemistry, and pharmacology 2018. link 28 Johnson MJ, Hutchinson A. Breathlessness in the emergency care setting. Current opinion in supportive and palliative care 2018. link 29 Liu S, Mao J, Wang T, Fu X. Downregulation of Aquaporin-4 Protects Brain Against Hypoxia Ischemia via Anti-inflammatory Mechanism. Molecular neurobiology 2017. link 30 Odorcyk FK, Sanches EF, Nicola FC, Moraes J, Pettenuzzo LF, Kolling J et al.. Administration of Huperzia quadrifariata Extract, a Cholinesterase Inhibitory Alkaloid Mixture, has Neuroprotective Effects in a Rat Model of Cerebral Hypoxia-Ischemia. Neurochemical research 2017. link 31 Bailey DM. The brain in hypoxia; curiosity, cause and consequence. Experimental physiology 2016. link 32 Li Y, Liu K, Kang ZM, Sun XJ, Liu WW, Mao YF. Helium preconditioning protects against neonatal hypoxia-ischemia via nitric oxide mediated up-regulation of antioxidases in a rat model. Behavioural brain research 2016. link 33 Chavez-Valdez R, Flock DL, Martin LJ, Northington FJ. Endoplasmic reticulum pathology and stress response in neurons precede programmed necrosis after neonatal hypoxia-ischemia. International journal of developmental neuroscience : the official journal of the International Society for Developmental Neuroscience 2016. link 34 Joyce W, Simonsen M, Gesser H, Wang T. The effects of hypoxic bradycardia and extracellular HCO3(-)/CO2 on hypoxic performance in the eel heart. The Journal of experimental biology 2016. link 35 Suslo R, Trnka J, Siewiera J, Drobnik J. Hypoxia-related brain dysfunction in forensic medicine. Advances in experimental medicine and biology 2015. link 36 Tata DA, Markostamou I, Ioannidis A, Gkioka M, Simeonidou C, Anogianakis G et al.. Effects of maternal separation on behavior and brain damage in adult rats exposed to neonatal hypoxia-ischemia. Behavioural brain research 2015. link 37 Liu S, Zhu S, Zou Y, Wang T, Fu X. Knockdown of IL-1β improves hypoxia-ischemia brain associated with IL-6 up-regulation in cell and animal models. Molecular neurobiology 2015. link 38 He L, Xu J, Chen L, Li L. Apelin/APJ signaling in hypoxia-related diseases. Clinica chimica acta; international journal of clinical chemistry 2015. link 39 Weis SN, Toniazzo AP, Ander BP, Zhan X, Careaga M, Ashwood P et al.. Autophagy in the brain of neonates following hypoxia-ischemia shows sex- and region-specific effects. Neuroscience 2014. link 40 Aggarwal M, Burnsed J, Martin LJ, Northington FJ, Zhang J. Imaging neurodegeneration in the mouse hippocampus after neonatal hypoxia-ischemia using oscillating gradient diffusion MRI. Magnetic resonance in medicine 2014. link 41 Liu YX, Guo XM, Li JF, Meng Y, Zhang HT, Liu AJ et al.. Restoration of tissue damage, and never activity after hypoxia-ischemia by implantation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Brain research 2014. link 42 Jordan BF, Magat J, Colliez F, Ozel E, Fruytier AC, Marchand V et al.. Mapping of oxygen by imaging lipids relaxation enhancement: a potential sensitive endogenous MRI contrast to map variations in tissue oxygenation. Magnetic resonance in medicine 2013. link 43 Jin Y, Chen B, Calvert TJ, Chicoine LG, Liu Y, Nelin LD. Chronic hypoxia decreases arterial and venous compliance in isolated perfused rat lungs: an effect that is reversed by exogenous L-arginine. American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology 2013. link 44 D'Angelo B, Ek CJ, Sandberg M, Mallard C. Expression of the Nrf2-system at the blood-CSF barrier is modulated by neonatal inflammation and hypoxia-ischemia. Journal of inherited metabolic disease 2013. link 45 Ding Y, Hou X, Chen L, Li H, Tang Y, Zhou H et al.. Protective action of tetramethylpyrazine on the medulla oblongata in rats with chronic hypoxia. Autonomic neuroscience : basic & clinical 2013. link 46 Chen H, Xiong T, Qu Y, Zhao F, Ferriero D, Mu D. mTOR activates hypoxia-inducible factor-1α and inhibits neuronal apoptosis in the developing rat brain during the early phase after hypoxia-ischemia. Neuroscience letters 2012. link 47 Wanyin W, Liwei D, Lin J, Hailiang X, Changquan L, Min L. Ethanol extract of Portulaca oleracea L. protects against hypoxia-induced neuro damage through modulating endogenous erythropoietin expression. The Journal of nutritional biochemistry 2012. link 48 Northington FJ, Chavez-Valdez R, Graham EM, Razdan S, Gauda EB, Martin LJ. Necrostatin decreases oxidative damage, inflammation, and injury after neonatal HI. Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism 2011. link 49 Rus A, del Moral ML, Molina F, Peinado MA. Does inducible NOS have a protective role against hypoxia/reoxygenation injury in rat heart?. Cardiovascular pathology : the official journal of the Society for Cardiovascular Pathology 2011. link 50 Rivolta I, Lucchini V, Rocchetti M, Kolar F, Palazzo F, Zaza A et al.. Interstitial pressure and lung oedema in chronic hypoxia. The European respiratory journal 2011. link 51 Matsiukevich D, Randis TM, Utkina-Sosunova I, Polin RA, Ten VS. The state of systemic circulation, collapsed or preserved defines the need for hyperoxic or normoxic resuscitation in neonatal mice with hypoxia-ischemia. Resuscitation 2010. link 52 Iversen NK, McKenzie DJ, Malte H, Wang T. Reflex bradycardia does not influence oxygen consumption during hypoxia in the European eel (Anguilla anguilla). Journal of comparative physiology. B, Biochemical, systemic, and environmental physiology 2010. link 53 Beresewicz M, Majewska M, Makarewicz D, Vayro S, Zabłocka B, Górecki DC. Changes in the expression of insulin-like growth factor 1 variants in the postnatal brain development and in neonatal hypoxia-ischaemia. International journal of developmental neuroscience : the official journal of the International Society for Developmental Neuroscience 2010. link 54 Meng S, Lin L, Lama S, Qiao M, Tuor UI. Cerebral expression of DNA repair protein, Ku70, and its association with cell proliferation following cerebral hypoxia-ischemia in neonatal rats. International journal of developmental neuroscience : the official journal of the International Society for Developmental Neuroscience 2009. link 55 Cai J, Kang Z, Liu K, Liu W, Li R, Zhang JH et al.. Neuroprotective effects of hydrogen saline in neonatal hypoxia-ischemia rat model. Brain research 2009. link 56 Ginet V, Puyal J, Magnin G, Clarke PG, Truttmann AC. Limited role of the c-Jun N-terminal kinase pathway in a neonatal rat model of cerebral hypoxia-ischemia. Journal of neurochemistry 2009. link 57 Moretto MB, Boff B, Lavinsky D, Netto CA, Rocha JB, Souza DO et al.. Importance of schedule of administration in the therapeutic efficacy of guanosine: early intervention after injury enhances glutamate uptake in model of hypoxia-ischemia. Journal of molecular neuroscience : MN 2009. link 58 Zhu C, Qiu L, Wang X, Xu F, Nilsson M, Cooper-Kuhn C et al.. Age-dependent regenerative responses in the striatum and cortex after hypoxia-ischemia. Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism 2009. link 59 Gal A, Szilagyi G, Wappler E, Safrany G, Nagy Z. Bcl-2 or Bcl-XL gene therapy reduces apoptosis and increases plasticity protein GAP-43 in PC12 cells. Brain research bulletin 2008. link 60 González-Correa JA, Navas MD, Lopez-Villodres JA, Trujillo M, Espartero JL, De La Cruz JP. Neuroprotective effect of hydroxytyrosol and hydroxytyrosol acetate in rat brain slices subjected to hypoxia-reoxygenation. Neuroscience letters 2008. link 61 Mendoza-Paredes A, Liu H, Schears G, Yu Z, Markowitz SD, Schultz S et al.. Resuscitation with 100%, compared with 21%, oxygen following brief, repeated periods of apnea can protect vulnerable neonatal brain regions from apoptotic injury. Resuscitation 2008. link 62 Sivakumar V, Lu J, Ling EA, Kaur C. Vascular endothelial growth factor and nitric oxide production in response to hypoxia in the choroid plexus in neonatal brain. Brain pathology (Zurich, Switzerland) 2008. link 63 Yuan F, Guo Z, Xu Y, Wang X, Bu HM, Zhong N et al.. Comparison of the effects of chronic intermittent hypobaric hypoxia and continuous hypobaric hypoxia on hemodynamics in rats. Sheng li xue bao : [Acta physiologica Sinica] 2008. link 64 de Bruijn R, Richardson M, Schagatay E. Increased erythropoietin concentration after repeated apneas in humans. European journal of applied physiology 2008. link 65 Tjong YW, Jian K, Li M, Chen M, Gao TM, Fung ML. Elevated endogenous nitric oxide increases Ca2+ flux via L-type Ca2+ channels by S-nitrosylation in rat hippocampal neurons during severe hypoxia and in vitro ischemia. Free radical biology & medicine 2007. link 66 Delivoria-Papadopoulos M, Gorn M, Ashraf QM, Mishra OP. ATP and cytochrome c-dependent activation of caspase-9 during hypoxia in the cerebral cortex of newborn piglets. Neuroscience letters 2007. link 67 Li L, Qu Y, Li J, Xiong Y, Mao M, Mu D. Relationship between HIF-1alpha expression and neuronal apoptosis in neonatal rats with hypoxia-ischemia brain injury. Brain research 2007. link 68 Qiu L, Zhu C, Wang X, Xu F, Eriksson PS, Nilsson M et al.. Less neurogenesis and inflammation in the immature than in the juvenile brain after cerebral hypoxia-ischemia. Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism 2007. link 69 Pearson JT, Shirai M, Yokoyama C, Tsuchimochi H, Schwenke DO, Shimouchi A et al.. Alpha2-adrenoreceptor mediated sympathoinhibition of heart rate during acute hypoxia is diminished in conscious prostacyclin synthase deficient mice. Pflugers Archiv : European journal of physiology 2007. link 70 Ozturk K, Demir B, Oke R, Durmaz H. Dose-related effects of recombinant human interleukin-10 on hypoxia-induced skeletal muscle injury in immature rats. Journal of orthopaedic science : official journal of the Japanese Orthopaedic Association 2006. link 71 Nelson LA, McCann JC, Loepke AW, Wu J, Ben Dor B, Kurth CD. Development and validation of a multiwavelength spatial domain near-infrared oximeter to detect cerebral hypoxia-ischemia. Journal of biomedical optics 2006. link 72 Jantzie LL, Rauw GA, Todd KG. The effects of doxycycline administration on amino acid neurotransmitters in an animal model of neonatal hypoxia-ischemia. Neurochemistry international 2006. link 73 Campen MJ, Shimoda LA, O'Donnell CP. Acute and chronic cardiovascular effects of intermittent hypoxia in C57BL/6J mice. Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) 2005. link 74 Camm EJ, Gibbs ME, Harding R, Mulder T, Rees SM. Prenatal hypoxia impairs memory function but does not result in overt structural alterations in the postnatal chick brain. Brain research. Developmental brain research 2005. link 75 Kühn J, Meissner C, Oehmichen M. Microtubule-associated protein 2 (MAP2)--a promising approach to diagnosis of forensic types of hypoxia-ischemia. Acta neuropathologica 2005. link 76 Talbot NP, Balanos GM, Dorrington KL, Robbins PA. Two temporal components within the human pulmonary vascular response to approximately 2 h of isocapnic hypoxia. Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) 2005. link 77 Jeske AH, Whitmire CW, Freels C, Fuentes M. Noninvasive assessment of diffusion hypoxia following administration of nitrous oxide-oxygen. Anesthesia progress 2004. link 78 Wang X, Zhu C, Wang X, Gerwien JG, Schrattenholz A, Sandberg M et al.. The nonerythropoietic asialoerythropoietin protects against neonatal hypoxia-ischemia as potently as erythropoietin. Journal of neurochemistry 2004. link 79 Hedtjärn M, Mallard C, Hagberg H. Inflammatory gene profiling in the developing mouse brain after hypoxia-ischemia. Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism 2004. link 80 Bruce J, Taggart M, Austin C. Contractile responses of isolated rat mesenteric arteries to acute episodes of severe hypoxia and subsequent reoxygenation. Microvascular research 2004. link 81 Campen MJ, Tagaito Y, Li J, Balbir A, Tankersley CG, Smith P et al.. Phenotypic variation in cardiovascular responses to acute hypoxic and hypercapnic exposure in mice. Physiological genomics 2004. link 82 Martín-Puig S, Temes E, Olmos G, Jones DR, Aragonés J, Landázuri MO. Role of iron (II)-2-oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenases in the generation of hypoxia-induced phosphatidic acid through HIF-1/2 and von Hippel-Lindau-independent mechanisms. The Journal of biological chemistry 2004. link 83 Kehl F, Payne RS, Roewer N, Schurr A. Sevoflurane-induced preconditioning of rat brain in vitro and the role of KATP channels. Brain research 2004. link 84 Borg KA, Milsom WK, Jones DR. The effect of O2 and CO2 on the dive behavior and heart rate of lesser scaup ducks (Aythya affinis): quantification of the critical PaO2 that initiates a diving bradycardia. Respiratory physiology & neurobiology 2004. link 85 Hedtjärn M, Mallard C, Eklind S, Gustafson-Brywe K, Hagberg H. Global gene expression in the immature brain after hypoxia-ischemia. Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism 2004. link 86 Eigel BN, Gursahani H, Hadley RW. ROS are required for rapid reactivation of Na+/Ca2+ exchanger in hypoxic reoxygenated guinea pig ventricular myocytes. American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology 2004. link 87 Jiang X, Mu D, Sheldon RA, Glidden DV, Ferriero DM. Neonatal hypoxia-ischemia differentially upregulates MAGUKs and associated proteins in PSD-93-deficient mouse brain. Stroke 2003. link 88 Steiner DR, Gonzalez NC, Wood JG. Mast cells mediate the microvascular inflammatory response to systemic hypoxia. Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) 2003. link 89 Weissmann N, Nollen M, Gerigk B, Ardeschir Ghofrani H, Schermuly RT, Gunther A et al.. Downregulation of hypoxic vasoconstriction by chronic hypoxia in rabbits: effects of nitric oxide. American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology 2003. link 90 Peeters-Scholte C, Braun K, Koster J, Kops N, Blomgren K, Buonocore G et al.. Effects of allopurinol and deferoxamine on reperfusion injury of the brain in newborn piglets after neonatal hypoxia-ischemia. Pediatric research 2003. link 91 Hejmadi MV, Dajas-Bailador F, Barns SM, Jones B, Wonnacott S. Neuroprotection by nicotine against hypoxia-induced apoptosis in cortical cultures involves activation of multiple nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subtypes. Molecular and cellular neurosciences 2003. link00244-6) 92 Calvert JW, Zhou C, Nanda A, Zhang JH. Effect of hyperbaric oxygen on apoptosis in neonatal hypoxia-ischemia rat model. Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) 2003. link 93 Angerer P, Nowak D. Working in permanent hypoxia for fire protection-impact on health. International archives of occupational and environmental health 2003. link 94 Fahlman CS, Bickler PE, Sullivan B, Gregory GA. Activation of the neuroprotective ERK signaling pathway by fructose-1,6-bisphosphate during hypoxia involves intracellular Ca2+ and phospholipase C. Brain research 2002. link03433-9) 95 Hammarström AK, Gage PW. Hypoxia and persistent sodium current. European biophysics journal : EBJ 2002. link 96 Matei G, Pavlik R, McCadden T, Cottrell JE, Kass IS. Sevoflurane improves electrophysiological recovery of rat hippocampal slice CA1 pyramidal neurons after hypoxia. Journal of neurosurgical anesthesiology 2002. link 97 De Crescenzo V, Dubuis E, Constantin S, Rebocho M, Girardin C, Bonnet P et al.. Halothane differentially decreases 5-hydroxytryptamine-induced contractions in normal and chronic hypoxic rat pulmonary arteries. Acta physiologica Scandinavica 2001. link 98 Donohoe PH, Fahlman CS, Bickler PE, Vexler ZS, Gregory GA. Neuroprotection and intracellular Ca2+ modulation with fructose-1,6-bisphosphate during in vitro hypoxia-ischemia involves phospholipase C-dependent signaling. Brain research 2001. link02849-9) 99 Cui XY, Li L, An YY, Lu GW. Changes in the contents of glycogen and lactate in the brain and blood during hypoxic preconditioning. Sheng li xue bao : [Acta physiologica Sinica] 2001. link 100 Favret F, Henderson KK, Clancy RL, Richalet JP, Gonzalez NC. Exercise training alters the effect of chronic hypoxia on myocardial adrenergic and muscarinic receptor number. Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) 2001. link

Original source

[1]
Maternal Plinia trunciflora extract attenuates anxiety but not memory deficits after neonatal hypoxia-ischemia in rats. — Carvalho AVS, Hoeper ES, Dúran-Carabali LE, Junior AW, Moura S, Konrath EL et al. The Journal of nutritional biochemistry (2026)
[2]
Human hypoxia models in aerospace medicine: Potential applications for human pharmacological research. — Post TE, Denney C, Cohen A, Jordan J, Limper U British journal of clinical pharmacology (2026)
[3]
Effect of lateral versus supine positioning on hypoxaemia in sedated adults: multicentre randomised controlled trial. — Ye H, Chu LH, Xie GH, Hua YJ, Lou Y, Wang QH et al. BMJ (Clinical research ed.) (2025)
[4]
Flow-mediated dilation decreases in women, but not men, following mild acute intermittent hypoxia. — Mascone SE, Limberg JK, Blake EF, Weiner CM, Eagan LE, Khan SE et al. Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) (2025)
[5]
Impact of peripheral immune cells in experimental neonatal hypoxia-ischemia: A systematic review and meta-analysis. — Nunes RR, Durán-Carabali LE, Ribeiro NH, Sirena DH, Tassinari ID, Netto CA et al. International immunopharmacology (2025)
[6]
Effect of hypoxia duration and pattern on channel Catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) neuropeptide gene expression and hematology. — Ott BD, Chisolm DO, Griffin MJ, Torrans EL, Allen PJ Journal of comparative physiology. B, Biochemical, systemic, and environmental physiology (2023)
[7]
Protective effect of sex steroid hormones on morphological and cellular outcomes after neonatal hypoxia-ischemia: A meta-analysis of preclinical studies. — Durán-Carabali LE, Da Silva JL, Colucci ACM, Netto CA, De Fraga LS Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews (2023)
[8]
Protective Effect of Ulinastatin on Cognitive Function After Hypoxia. — Kim YS, Sohn SH, Min TJ Neuromolecular medicine (2023)
[9]
Short-term effects of therapeutic hypothermia following hypoxia-ischemia in neonatal male and female rats. — Zang J, Colucci ACM, Tassinari ID, Nunes RR, Andrade MKG, Spies FF et al. International journal of developmental neuroscience : the official journal of the International Society for Developmental Neuroscience (2023)
[10]
Efficacy of capnographic and bispectral index monitoring on trans-oral therapeutic endoscopy: A prospective observational study. — Hayashi Y, Hosoe N, Takabayashi K, Limpias Kamiya KJL, Tojo A, Sakurai H et al. Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology (2022)
[11]
L-Cysteine attenuates osteopontin-mediated neuroinflammation following hypoxia-ischemia insult in neonatal mice by inducing S-sulfhydration of Stat3. — Li TT, Xin DQ, Ke HF, Chu XL, Zhao YJ, Yue SW et al. Acta pharmacologica Sinica (2022)
[12]
Danlou Tablet Improves Chronic Intermittent Hypoxia-Induced Dyslipidemia and Arteriosclerosis by HIF-1α-Angptl4 mRNA Signaling Pathway. — Tang JJ, Li GX, Liu ZG, Yi R, Yu D, Zhang YB et al. Chinese journal of integrative medicine (2022)
[13]
Feasibility of oscillating and pulsed gradient diffusion MRI to assess neonatal hypoxia-ischemia on clinical systems. — Gao F, Shen X, Zhang H, Ba R, Ma X, Lai C et al. Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism (2021)
[14]
Changes in arginase isoforms in a murine model of neonatal brain hypoxia-ischemia. — Mike JK, Pathipati P, Sheldon RA, Ferriero DM Pediatric research (2021)
[15]
Pre- and early postnatal enriched environmental experiences prevent neonatal hypoxia-ischemia late neurodegeneration via metabolic and neuroplastic mechanisms. — Durán-Carabali LE, Odorcyk FK, Greggio S, Venturin GT, Sanches EF, Schu GG et al. Journal of neurochemistry (2021)
[16]
Solving the Obstetrical Paradox: The FETAL Technique-A Step toward Noninvasive Evaluation of Fetal pH. — Balayla J, Shrem G Journal of pregnancy (2020)
[17]
Extract of Salvia przewalskii Repair Tissue Damage in Chronic Hypoxia Maybe through the RhoA-ROCK Signalling Pathway. — Wang Y, Duo D, Yan Y, He R, Wang S, Wang A et al. Biological & pharmaceutical bulletin (2020)
[18]
Simvastatin preconditioning confers neuroprotection against hypoxia-ischemia induced brain damage in neonatal rats via autophagy and silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1) activation. — Carloni S, Balduini W Experimental neurology (2020)
[19]
Astrocytic AEG-1 regulates expression of TREK-1 under acute hypoxia. — Kim A, Jung HG, Kim SC, Choi M, Park JY, Lee SG et al. Cell biochemistry and function (2020)
[20]
Normobaric oxygen treatment improves neuronal survival functional recovery and axonal plasticity after newborn hypoxia-ischemia. — Kelestemur T, Beker MC, Caglayan AB, Caglayan B, Altunay S, Kutlu S et al. Behavioural brain research (2020)
[21]
A collaborative approach to facilitate professionals to support the breathless patient. — Shaw V, Davies A, Ong BN BMJ supportive & palliative care (2019)
[22]
Determining the Operating Costs of a Medical Surveillance Program for Copper Miners Exposed to High Altitude-Induced Chronic Intermittent Hypoxia in Chile Using a Combination of Microcosting and Time-Driven Activity-Based Costing. — Reveco R, Velásquez M, Bustos L, Goyenechea M, Bachelet V Value in health regional issues (2019)
[23]
Preventive and therapeutic effects of environmental enrichment in Wistar rats submitted to neonatal hypoxia-ischemia. — Durán-Carabali LE, Arcego DM, Sanches EF, Odorcyk FK, Marques MR, Tosta A et al. Behavioural brain research (2019)
[24]
Hydrogen gas reduces chronic intermittent hypoxia-induced hypertension by inhibiting sympathetic nerve activity and increasing vasodilator responses via the antioxidation. — Guan P, Lin XM, Yang SC, Guo YJ, Li WY, Zhao YS et al. Journal of cellular biochemistry (2019)
[25]
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