Overview
Torus fractures, also known as buckle fractures, typically occur in the metaphyseal-diaphyseal region of long bones, most commonly the distal radius in children due to their softer bone structure. These fractures involve bending and buckling of the bone without significant displacement 1.Diagnosis
Clinical Presentation: Pain, localized tenderness, swelling over the distal radius, and possible deformity 1.
Imaging: Radiographs are diagnostic, showing a cortical buckle without significant displacement 1.
Laboratory Tests: Not routinely required but may include assessment of vitamin D levels in populations at risk 1.Management
Non-operative Treatment: Below-elbow cast immobilization for 3-4 weeks, adjusted based on clinical improvement 1.
Follow-up: Regular clinical and radiographic assessments to monitor healing progress 1.
Vitamin D Screening: Consider measuring serum vitamin D levels in pediatric patients, especially in populations with high prevalence of deficiency 1.Special Populations
Pediatrics: High prevalence of vitamin D deficiency noted in children with torus fractures; screening recommended 1.Key Recommendations
Perform below-elbow casting for immobilization in torus fractures of the radius (Evidence: Moderate 1).
Consider screening for vitamin D deficiency in pediatric patients presenting with torus fractures, particularly in regions with known deficiency prevalence (Evidence: Moderate 1).
Regular follow-up with clinical evaluation and imaging to ensure proper healing (Evidence: Expert opinion 1).References
1 Muzzammil M, Minhas MS, Mughal A, Qadir A, Jahanzeb S, Jabbar S. Prevalence of inadequate vitamin D level and its predictors in children presenting with torus fractures. European journal of orthopaedic surgery & traumatology : orthopedie traumatologie 2023. link