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Anesthesiology618 papers

Airway trauma

Last edited: 4/23/2026

Overview

Airway trauma involves injuries to the upper airway that can result from blunt or penetrating trauma, necessitating rapid assessment and intervention to prevent life-threatening complications such as airway obstruction and hemorrhage 2122.

Diagnosis

  • Clinical Presentation: Symptoms include stridor, dysphonia, subcutaneous emphysema, and signs of airway obstruction 21.
  • Diagnostic Imaging: CT scans are crucial for identifying fractures, soft tissue injuries, and other structural damage 21.
  • Flexible Laryngoscopy: Essential for visualizing the larynx and vocal cords to detect internal injuries 21.
  • Grading: Airway injuries are often graded based on severity (e.g., C-spine injury classification, AO classification for fractures) 21.
  • Management

  • Initial Stabilization: Secure the airway using advanced airway techniques such as intubation or surgical airway if necessary 2124.
  • Control Bleeding: Use direct pressure, cautery, or packing for hemorrhage control 34.
  • Surgical Intervention: Definitive repair may require surgical intervention for severe injuries like fractures or lacerations 21.
  • Monitoring: Continuous monitoring of respiratory status and hemodynamic stability 21.
  • Consultation: Early involvement of otolaryngology or trauma surgery teams 21.
  • Special Populations

  • Pediatrics: Smaller airways and developing anatomy necessitate specialized pediatric airway management techniques and equipment 21.
  • Elderly: Increased risk of comorbidities and potential frailty affecting surgical outcomes; careful assessment and multidisciplinary care are essential 21.
  • Key Recommendations

  • Rapid Airway Assessment and Intervention: Prioritize immediate airway assessment and secure airway management to prevent obstruction and ensure oxygenation 2122 (Evidence: Strong).
  • Utilize Imaging for Diagnosis: Employ CT scans and flexible laryngoscopy for accurate diagnosis of airway injuries 21 (Evidence: Strong).
  • Multidisciplinary Team Approach: Involve otolaryngology and trauma surgery teams early in the management of severe airway trauma 21 (Evidence: Moderate).
  • Control Hemorrhage Promptly: Use appropriate techniques such as direct pressure or cautery to manage bleeding effectively 34 (Evidence: Moderate).
  • Tailored Care for Special Populations: Adapt management strategies for pediatric and elderly patients considering their unique anatomical and physiological challenges 21 (Evidence: Expert opinion).
  • References

    Showing 100 most recent of 224 indexed papers.

    1 Bildik B, Cekmen B, Eroglu BS, Gundogdu BBK, Bulak D, Metin DA. Black Clouds in Emergency Medicine: Perception vs. Reality in Clinical Workload. The Journal of emergency medicine 2026. link 2 Sun H, Mitchell JD, Deiner SG, Andreae MH, Banerjee A, Ye T et al.. How Well Do Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education Milestones Track Readiness for Anesthesiology Certifying Examinations in a National Resident Cohort?. Anesthesia and analgesia 2026. link 3 Schloss D, Estock JL, Ashjaei A, Mikolic JM, El-Kouri N, Elias ME et al.. Development of Airway Hemorrhage Simulation Scenarios With Pilot of an Airway Team Leader Assessment Tool. Simulation in healthcare : journal of the Society for Simulation in Healthcare 2025. link 4 Polen K, Pickeral C, Silberthau KR, Chao TN. Airway Emergency Drill: An In Situ Simulation to Increase Staff Preparedness for Airway Bleeding. The Laryngoscope 2025. link 5 Sain CR, Godage SK, Goldsborough EF, Jeancharles M, Bain PA, Bader AM et al.. Diversity, Equity, Inclusion, and Belonging in Academic Anesthesiology in the United States: A Scoping Review. Anesthesiology 2025. link 6 Guillow R, Nemergut EC, Dragan K. Advancing Equity and Inclusion: The Power of Flexible Scheduling and Alternative Staffing Models in Academic Anesthesiology. Anesthesiology clinics 2025. link 7 Matern LH, Baker K, Saddawi-Konefka D. "Consider-the-Opposite" Debiasing to Improve Self-Assessment Accuracy in Anesthesiology Trainees: A Prospective Pretest-Posttest Study. A&A practice 2025. link 8 Havard C, Jouffroy V, Gouez AL, Bruyère M, Figueiredo S, Roulleau P et al.. Use of an observer tool to enhance learning of anaesthesia resident's non-technical skills during high-fidelity simulation: a randomised controlled trial. BMC medical education 2025. link 9 Gutersohn C, Schweingruber S, Haudenschild M, Huber M, Greif R, Fuchs A. Self-directed learning versus traditional instructor-led learning for education on a new anaesthesia workstation: a noninferiority, randomised, controlled trial. British journal of anaesthesia 2025. link 10 Morah O, Khosa F. Impact of department chair gender on paid parental leave across American anaesthesiology residencies. BMJ leader 2025. link 11 Miller CR, Greer SK, Toy S, Schiavi A. Debriefing Is Germane to Simulation-Based Learning: Parsing Cognitive Load Components and the Effect of Debriefing. Simulation in healthcare : journal of the Society for Simulation in Healthcare 2025. link 12 Sun T, Park YS, Chen F, Hogan SO, Tanaka P. Longitudinal Reliability of Milestones Learning Trajectories during Anesthesiology Residency. Anesthesiology 2025. link 13 Smith R, Davey M. Cost of Training Crisis: Anaesthetics. British journal of hospital medicine (London, England : 2005) 2024. link 14 Millar KR, James C, Headon H, Afzal A, Lipton J, Armit K et al.. Generic professional capabilities hub: developing leadership and management skills in trainees. BMJ leader 2024. link 15 Mokhtar MN, Suhaini SA, Abdullah FH, Teo R, Izaham A, Ismail NAS. A survey of anaesthetic training logbook management among postgraduate students. BMC medical education 2024. link 16 Ekelund K, Tolsgaard MG, Jacobsen RVB, Østergaard D, Bader-Larsen K. Learning strategies for the advanced trainee in specialist training. Medical teacher 2024. link 17 Hastie MJ, Kim M, Katz D, Lin M, Chatterji M. Survey Validation for Measuring Perceptions of Work-Related Factors That Influence Career Paths of Men and Women in Academic Anesthesiology. Anesthesia and analgesia 2024. link 18 Sardesai N, Russo P, Martin J, Sardesai A. Utilizing generative conversational artificial intelligence to create simulated patient encounters: a pilot study for anaesthesia training. Postgraduate medical journal 2024. link 19 Fuller SL, Ambardekar AP, Diachun CAB, Kearney MD, Long TR, Miller Juve AK et al.. Competency-Based Time-Variable Anesthesiology Residency Training: Identification of Problems and Solutions. Anesthesia and analgesia 2024. link 20 Woodworth GE, Goldstein ZT, Ambardekar AP, Arthur ME, Bailey CF, Booth GJ et al.. Development and Pilot Testing of a Programmatic System for Competency Assessment in US Anesthesiology Residency Training. Anesthesia and analgesia 2024. link 21 Chen J, Lu L, Yin Y, Yuan S, Zhang J, Wu J et al.. Clinical Experience with 30 Bridging Bronchus Patients with Airway Stenosis and Congenital Heart Disease. Pediatric cardiology 2024. link 22 Whipple MT, Feden JP. Acute Emergent Airway Issues in Sports. Clinics in sports medicine 2023. link 23 Ahmed A, Aman A, Khan S, Khan MF, Ullah H, Ahmed SS et al.. Improving Postgraduate Anaesthesiology Training in a Low-Middle Income Country by Embracing the New Trends in Medical Education. Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons--Pakistan : JCPSP 2023. link 24 Berger-Estilita J, Leitl J, Vacas S, Neskovic V, Stüber F, Zdravkovic M. Welfare practices for anaesthesiology trainees in Europe: A descriptive cross-sectional survey study. European journal of anaesthesiology 2023. link 25 Nielson C, Kelly K, Attah R, Pei Z, Wang Y, Firpo MA et al.. Comparing Aerosol Generation in Human and Animal Tissues During Common Otolaryngology Procedures. Otolaryngology--head and neck surgery : official journal of American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 2023. link 26 Prichayudh S, Rajruangrabin J, Sriussadaporn S, Pak-Art R, Sriussadaporn S, Kritayakirana K et al.. Trauma Hybrid Operating Room (THOR) shortened procedure time in abdominopelvic trauma patients requiring surgery and interventional radiology procedures. Injury 2023. link 27 Xu H, Jiao W, Zhang Y, Deng X, Dai R, Chen L. Effects of ulinastatin therapy in emergency severe multiple trauma: A single-center randomized controlled trial. Medicine 2023. link 28 Tsai AH, Bodmer NJ, Gupta K, Caruso TJ. It Takes a Village: A Narrative Review of Anesthesiology Mentorship. Anesthesiology clinics 2022. link 29 Goy RWL, Lee JSE, Ithnin F, Sng BL. Current state of reflective learning in anaesthesiology residents: a call for 'reflection-on-action' training in Singapore. Singapore medical journal 2022. link 30 Weller JM, Coomber T, Chen Y, Castanelli D. Desire paths for workplace assessment in postgraduate anaesthesia training: analysing informal processes to inform assessment redesign. British journal of anaesthesia 2022. link 31 Marty AP, Braun J, Schick C, Zalunardo MP, Spahn DR, Breckwoldt J. A mobile application to facilitate implementation of programmatic assessment in anaesthesia training. British journal of anaesthesia 2022. link 32 Sprau AC, Slavin BR, Pierrot RG, Weber LE, Figueroa JM, Jagid JR et al.. Safe at the Plate: Acute Assessment and Management of Baseball-Related Craniofacial Injuries by On-Field Personnel. The Journal of craniofacial surgery 2021. link 33 Xu R, Zheng X, Lin Y, Lin C, Guo Y, Huo X. Assessment of dust trace elements in an e-waste recycling area and related children's health risks. The Science of the total environment 2021. link 34 Faloye AO, Williamson J, Arora S, Nafiu OO, Peterson-Layne C. Formation of an Anesthesiology Residency Mentoring Program Using a Mentee-Driven Approach. A&A practice 2021. link 35 Huang J, Licatino L, Sims CR. Training the Trainer: Preparing Anesthesiology Residents to be Trainers in the Operating Room. MedEdPORTAL : the journal of teaching and learning resources 2021. link 36 Sharpe EE, Ku C, Malinzak EB, Kraus MB, Chandrabose R, Hartlage SEH et al.. A cross-sectional survey study of United States residency program directors' perceptions of parental leave and pregnancy among anesthesiology trainees. Canadian journal of anaesthesia = Journal canadien d'anesthesie 2021. link 37 Ciceron F, Besch G, Benkhadra M, Rouge JA, Dupont G, Avena C et al.. Individual versus collective debriefing after interprofessional training course simulation: The randomised DEBRIEF-SIM trial. Anaesthesia, critical care & pain medicine 2021. link 38 Woodworth GE, Marty AP, Tanaka PP, Ambardekar AP, Chen F, Duncan MJ et al.. Development and Pilot Testing of Entrustable Professional Activities for US Anesthesiology Residency Training. Anesthesia and analgesia 2021. link 39 Sun H, Chen D, Warner DO, Zhou Y, Nemergut EC, Macario A et al.. Anesthesiology Residents' Experiences and Perspectives of Residency Training. Anesthesia and analgesia 2021. link 40 Yang M, Wang B, Hou Q, Zhou Y, Li N, Wang H et al.. High frequency jet ventilation through mask contributes to oxygen therapy among patients undergoing bronchoscopic intervention under deep sedation. BMC anesthesiology 2021. link 41 Luo X, Gao H, Yu X, Jiang Z, Yang W. Spectral analysis of heart rate variability for trauma outcome prediction: an analysis of 210 ICU multiple trauma patients. European journal of trauma and emergency surgery : official publication of the European Trauma Society 2021. link 42 Haupt J, Krysiak N, Unger M, Bogner-Flatz V, Biberthaler P, Hanschen M et al.. The potential of adipokines in identifying multiple trauma patients at risk of developing multiple organ dysfunction syndrome. European journal of medical research 2021. link 43 Sumann G, Moens D, Brink B, Brodmann Maeder M, Greene M, Jacob M et al.. Multiple trauma management in mountain environments - a scoping review : Evidence based guidelines of the International Commission for Mountain Emergency Medicine (ICAR MedCom). Intended for physicians and other advanced life support personnel. 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Gender effects in anaesthesia training in Australia and New Zealand. British journal of anaesthesia 2020. link 49 Huang L, An G, You S, Huang S, Li J. Application of an education model using the WeChat public platform in the standardized training of anesthesiology residents. Annals of palliative medicine 2020. link 50 Kamp O, Jansen O, Lefering R, Meindl R, Waydhas C, Schildhauer TA et al.. Cervical Spinal Cord Injury Shows Markedly Lower than Predicted Mortality (>72 Hours After Multiple Trauma) From Sepsis and Multiple Organ Failure. Journal of intensive care medicine 2020. link 51 Damrose JF, Eropkin W, Ng S, Cale S, Banerjee S. The Critical Response Team in Airway Emergencies. The Permanente journal 2019. link 52 Warnakulasuriya SR, Harvey R, McNarry AF. Translation of national guidelines into local practice. The clinical teacher 2019. link 53 Ahmed A, Ahmed R. Correlation of Trainees' Selection Scores with their Subsequent Performance during Specialty Training in Anesthesiology. Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons--Pakistan : JCPSP 2019. link 54 Riveros-Perez E, Jimenez E, Cheriyan T, Varela N, Rodriguez J, Rocuts A. Approach to learning and educational environment: time to rethink measurement tools in postgraduate medical training?. International journal of medical education 2019. link 55 Peters H, Macke C, Mommsen P, Zeckey C, Clausen JD, Krettek C et al.. Predictive Value of Osteoprotegerin and Neutrophil Gelatinase-associated Lipocalin on Multiple Organ Failure in Multiple Trauma. In vivo (Athens, Greece) 2019. link 56 Blanié A, Gorse S, Roulleau P, Figueiredo S, Benhamou D. Impact of learners' role (active participant-observer or observer only) on learning outcomes during high-fidelity simulation sessions in anaesthesia: A single center, prospective and randomised study. Anaesthesia, critical care & pain medicine 2018. link 57 O'Shaughnessy SM. Peer teaching as a means of enhancing communication skills in anaesthesia training: trainee perspectives. Irish journal of medical science 2018. link 58 Barra FL, Carenzo L, Franc J, Montagnini C, Petrini F, Della Corte F et al.. Anesthesiology Resident Induction Month: a pilot study showing an effective and safe way to train novice residents through simulation. Minerva anestesiologica 2018. link 59 Marchalot A, Dureuil B, Veber B, Fellahi JL, Hanouz JL, Dupont H et al.. Effectiveness of a blended learning course and flipped classroom in first year anaesthesia training. Anaesthesia, critical care & pain medicine 2018. link 60 Vasilopoulos T, Giordano CR, Hagan JD, Fahy BG. Understanding Conflict Management Styles in Anesthesiology Residents. Anesthesia and analgesia 2018. link 61 Zhou Y, Sun H, Lien CA, Keegan MT, Wang T, Harman AE et al.. Effect of the BASIC Examination on Knowledge Acquisition during Anesthesiology Residency. Anesthesiology 2018. link 62 Lederer W, Paal P, von Langen D, Sanwald A, Traweger C, Kinzl JF. Consolidation of working hours and work-life balance in anaesthesiologists - A cross-sectional national survey. PloS one 2018. link 63 Ebrahimpour A, Mirbolook A, Okhovatpour M, Sajjadi MM, Makvandi K, Mousavi MS et al.. The Relationship between Plasma Levels of Interleukin-6, Multiple Organ Dysfunction and Mortality in Orthopedic Patients. Iranian journal of immunology : IJI 2018. link 64 Omar A, Macke C, Winkelmann M, Beckmann E, Mommsen P, Schröter C et al.. Limited influence of blunt aortic injuries on the outcome of polytraumatized patients: a matched pair analysis. Archives of orthopaedic and trauma surgery 2018. link 65 Goto Y, Goto T, Hagiwara Y, Tsugawa Y, Watase H, Okamoto H et al.. Techniques and outcomes of emergency airway management in Japan: An analysis of two multicentre prospective observational studies, 2010-2016. Resuscitation 2017. link 66 Quinn A, Moore D. Establishing a mentoring system for anaesthetic trainees. Irish medical journal 2017. link 67 Moore JN, McDiarmid AJ, Johnston PW, Cleland JA. Identifying and exploring factors influencing career choice, recruitment and retention of anaesthesia trainees in the UK. Postgraduate medical journal 2017. link 68 Green A, Tatham KC, Yentis SM, Wilson J, Cox M. An analysis of the delivery of anaesthetic training sessions in the United Kingdom. Anaesthesia 2017. link 69 Weller JM, Castanelli DJ, Chen Y, Jolly B. Making robust assessments of specialist trainees' workplace performance. British journal of anaesthesia 2017. link 70 Jonker G, Manders LA, Marty AP, Kalkman CJ, Ten Cate TJ, van Gessel EF et al.. Variations in assessment and certification in postgraduate anaesthesia training: a European survey. British journal of anaesthesia 2017. link 71 Sawdon MA, Whitehouse K, Finn GM, McLachlan JC, Murray D. 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    Original source

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