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Hemorrhagic gastropathy

Last edited: 4/15/2026

Overview

Hemorrhagic gastropathy refers to a condition characterized by diffuse mucosal hemorrhage within the stomach, often associated with underlying nutritional deficiencies, particularly of fat-soluble vitamins. 1

Diagnosis

  • Elevated levels of PIVKA-II (protein induced in vitamin K absence) in cord blood may indicate increased risk 1.
  • Low levels of beta-carotene and cryptoxanthin in cord blood can suggest inadequate intake of green-yellow vegetables 1.
  • Assessment of fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, K) in cord blood and colostrum can provide diagnostic clues 1.
  • Management

  • Supplementation with fat-soluble vitamins, particularly vitamin K and vitamin A, may be necessary to correct deficiencies 1.
  • Dietary counseling to increase intake of green-yellow vegetables rich in beta-carotene and other essential nutrients is recommended 1.
  • Special Populations

  • Newborns from populations with restricted intake of green-yellow vegetables may have an increased risk of hemorrhagic disease 1.
  • Key Recommendations

  • Monitor and supplement fat-soluble vitamins, especially vitamin K and vitamin A, in newborns from populations with documented deficiencies 1 (Evidence: Moderate).
  • Encourage dietary intake of green-yellow vegetables to prevent micronutrient deficiencies associated with hemorrhagic gastropathy 1 (Evidence: Moderate).
  • Evaluate PIVKA-II levels in cord blood to identify newborns at risk for hemorrhagic conditions due to vitamin K deficiency 1 (Evidence: Weak).
  • References

    1 Tamai H, Mingci Z, Kawamura N, Kuno T, Ogihara T, Mino M. Fat-soluble vitamins in cord blood and colostrum in the south of China. International journal for vitamin and nutrition research. Internationale Zeitschrift fur Vitamin- und Ernahrungsforschung. Journal international de vitaminologie et de nutrition 1996. link

    Original source

    1. [1]
      Fat-soluble vitamins in cord blood and colostrum in the south of China.Tamai H, Mingci Z, Kawamura N, Kuno T, Ogihara T, Mino M International journal for vitamin and nutrition research. Internationale Zeitschrift fur Vitamin- und Ernahrungsforschung. Journal international de vitaminologie et de nutrition (1996)

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