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Herpes simplex corneal endotheliitis

Last edited: 2 days ago

Overview

Herpes simplex corneal endotheliitis is an inflammatory condition affecting the corneal endothelium, often secondary to herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection, leading to corneal edema and potentially vision loss 1.

Diagnosis

  • Clinical presentation includes corneal edema, blurred vision, and pain 1.
  • Diagnostic confirmation typically involves viral culture, PCR testing for HSV DNA, and slit-lamp examination 1.
  • Grading systems often assess severity based on degree of corneal edema and visual acuity changes 1.
  • Management

  • First-line treatment includes antiviral therapy such as acyclovir, valacyclovir, or famciclovir 1.
  • Adjunctive therapies may involve topical corticosteroids cautiously to reduce inflammation, under close monitoring to avoid complications 1.
  • In severe cases, therapeutic keratoplasty might be considered 1.
  • Special Populations

  • No specific guidance provided in the abstracts regarding pregnancy, pediatrics, elderly, or comorbidities related to herpes simplex corneal endotheliitis 1.
  • Key Recommendations

  • Initiate antiviral therapy with acyclovir or valacyclovir for confirmed HSV infection (Evidence: Moderate) 1.
  • Use topical corticosteroids cautiously in conjunction with antivirals to manage inflammation, closely monitoring for potential side effects (Evidence: Weak) 1.
  • Consider therapeutic keratoplasty for refractory cases with significant visual impairment (Evidence: Expert opinion) 1.
  • References

    1 Saliba AM, Filloux A, Ball G, Silva AS, Assis MC, Plotkowski MC. Type III secretion-mediated killing of endothelial cells by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Microbial pathogenesis 2002. link

    Original source

    1. [1]
      Type III secretion-mediated killing of endothelial cells by Pseudomonas aeruginosa.Saliba AM, Filloux A, Ball G, Silva AS, Assis MC, Plotkowski MC Microbial pathogenesis (2002)

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