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Infectious Disease5 papers

Infective arthritis of shoulder region

Last edited: 4/10/2026

Overview

Tuberculosis (TB) is a significant global health problem caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis 1. It can remain latent in immunocompetent individuals but may reactivate under immunosuppression 1.

Diagnosis

Management

Special Populations

The elderly population is a high-risk group for tuberculosis, with a comparatively high proportion of asymptomatic tuberculosis 2.

Key Recommendations

  • Mass screening is important to identify active tuberculosis cases in the elderly population 2. (Evidence: Moderate)
  • Screening and preventive treatment for latent tuberculosis infection are recommended before starting anti-TNF therapy 1. (Evidence: Strong)
  • The need for preventive treatment for latent TB in all cases, regardless of biologic class or individual patient's risk, warrants reassessment given limited evidence of reactivation with IL-17 and IL-23 inhibitors 1. (Evidence: Weak)

    • References

    1 Torres T, Brembilla NC, Langley RG, Warren RB, Thaçi D, Kolios AGA et al.. Treatment of psoriasis with biologic and non-biologic targeted therapies in patients with latent tuberculosis infection or at risk for tuberculosis disease progression: Recommendations from a SPIN-FRT expert consensus. Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology : JEADV 2025. link 2 Zhou Y, Wang F, Chen S, Zhang Y, Wang W, Wu Q et al.. The asymptomatic tuberculosis proportion among the elderly population: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC public health 2024. link 3 Asgharzadeh M, Rashedi J, Poor BM, Kafil HS, Zadeh HM, Ahmadpour E. How Molecular Epidemiology Can Affect Tuberculosis Control in the Middle East Countries: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Infectious disorders drug targets 2021. link

    Original source

    1. [1]
      Treatment of psoriasis with biologic and non-biologic targeted therapies in patients with latent tuberculosis infection or at risk for tuberculosis disease progression: Recommendations from a SPIN-FRT expert consensus. — Torres T, Brembilla NC, Langley RG, Warren RB, Thaçi D, Kolios AGA et al. Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology : JEADV (2025)
    2. [2]
      The asymptomatic tuberculosis proportion among the elderly population: a systematic review and meta-analysis. — Zhou Y, Wang F, Chen S, Zhang Y, Wang W, Wu Q et al. BMC public health (2024)
    3. [3]
      How Molecular Epidemiology Can Affect Tuberculosis Control in the Middle East Countries: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. — Asgharzadeh M, Rashedi J, Poor BM, Kafil HS, Zadeh HM, Ahmadpour E Infectious disorders drug targets (2021)
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