Overview
Hypertrophy of the gingiva, also known as gingival hyperplasia, refers to an abnormal enlargement of the gingival tissues, often associated with certain medications, genetic conditions, or systemic factors. 1Diagnosis
Clinical examination revealing enlarged, fibrous gingival tissue 1
Exclusion of other causes through medical history and physical examination 1
Imaging or histopathological evaluation may be considered in complex cases to rule out associated syndromes 1Management
Discontinuation or switching of causative medications (e.g., anticonvulsants, calcium channel blockers) 1
Oral hygiene improvement including regular professional cleaning 1
Surgical intervention (gingivectomy) for severe cases unresponsive to medical management 1Special Populations
Pregnancy: No specific data provided in the abstract 1
Pediatrics: Not addressed in the provided abstract 1
Elderly: Not addressed in the provided abstract 1
Comorbidities: Angioosteohypertrophy (Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome) may coexist, requiring multidisciplinary care 1Key Recommendations
Evaluate for underlying causes, including medication review, particularly anticonvulsants and calcium channel blockers, to identify and manage contributing factors (Evidence: Expert opinion) 1
Implement rigorous oral hygiene practices and consider surgical intervention for severe gingival hyperplasia unresponsive to medical management (Evidence: Expert opinion) 1
In cases associated with syndromes like Klippel-Trenaunay, multidisciplinary care is essential to address systemic implications (Evidence: Expert opinion) 1References
1 Mor Z, Schreyer P, Wainraub Z, Hayman E, Caspi E. Nonimmune hydrops fetalis associated with angioosteohypertrophy (Klippel-Trenaunay) syndrome. American journal of obstetrics and gynecology 1988. link90443-7)