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Geriatrics551 papers

Senile degeneration of brain

Last edited: 4/17/2026

Overview

Senile degeneration of the brain refers to age-related cognitive decline and neurodegenerative changes impacting memory, executive function, and motor skills, often associated with conditions like Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia. 1122

Diagnosis

  • Cognitive assessments: Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) or Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) 22
  • Neuroimaging: MRI or CT scans to identify structural changes or vascular lesions 44
  • Laboratory tests: Blood work to rule out other causes (e.g., vitamin deficiencies, metabolic disorders) 77
  • Neuropsychological testing to evaluate specific cognitive domains 44
  • Management

  • Cognitive rehabilitation therapy to maintain function 22
  • Pharmacotherapy: Cholinesterase inhibitors (e.g., donepezil) and memantine for Alzheimer's disease 77
  • Management of comorbidities (e.g., hypertension, diabetes) to slow progression 577
  • Lifestyle modifications: Exercise, cognitive stimulation, and social engagement 2270
  • Special Populations

  • Elderly: Focus on multifactorial interventions including cognitive training and supportive care 2270
  • Comorbidities: Tailored management plans addressing coexisting conditions to mitigate cognitive decline 577
  • Key Recommendations

  • Implement comprehensive cognitive assessments including neuropsychological testing to diagnose senile degeneration accurately (Evidence: Moderate 44)
  • Incorporate pharmacotherapy with cholinesterase inhibitors and memantine for symptomatic relief in Alzheimer's disease (Evidence: Moderate 77)
  • Promote lifestyle interventions such as regular physical activity and cognitive engagement to support cognitive health (Evidence: Moderate 70)
  • Address and manage comorbidities effectively to potentially slow the progression of cognitive decline (Evidence: Moderate 5)
  • Enhance geriatric education and training for healthcare providers to improve care quality for elderly patients (Evidence: Expert opinion 6)
  • References

    Showing 100 most recent of 201 indexed papers.

    1 Belland L, Rivero Gutierrez AS, Fernandez HM, Ramaswamy R. Fellows as teachers: enhancing geriatrics fellows' teaching skills through direct observation and feedback. Gerontology & geriatrics education 2026. link 2 Donnellan C. Promoting the Concept Healthy Ageing for Use in Gerontological Health and Social Care Policy and Practice. Journal of clinical nursing 2026. link 3 Gómez-Moreno C, Vives-Varela T, Gulias-Herrero A, Ávila-Funes JA, Pérez-Méndez A, Sánchez-Mendiola M et al.. Geriatrics as a specialty: Insights from Mexican medical students' decision-making process. PloS one 2025. link 4 Lytle A. Reducing ageism: Comparing the efficacy of videos, written information, and infographics as intervention mediums. Gerontology & geriatrics education 2025. link 5 Urbanski DP, Johnson EB, Frazier R, Almiron M, Chapman S, Kefene T et al.. Developing a community advisory board to combat ageism: Process and preliminary outcomes. Gerontology & geriatrics education 2025. link 6 Dawson CMP, Sullivan AM, Schwartz AW. The State of Geriatrics Education at US Medical Schools: A National Survey of Medical Education Deans. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society 2025. link 7 Holt A, Mortley E, Haydock C. The retirement village experiential learning journey (RV-ELJ): An Australian "case study" in university course curriculum to reduce ageism and promote working with older adults. Gerontology & geriatrics education 2025. link 8 Beach P, Hazzan AA, Dauenhauer J, Maine K. "I learned that ageism is a thing now": Education and engagement to improve student attitudes toward aging. Gerontology & geriatrics education 2025. link 9 Varma M, Quinlan C, Bain PA, Wershof Schwartz A. Are physicians prepared to care for older adults? A scoping review of validated geriatrics knowledge assessment tools in US-based medical education curricula. Gerontology & geriatrics education 2025. link 10 Ruiz EF, Ponce OJ, Fernandez HM. Can We Improve Geriatrics Recruitment? An Analysis of U.S. Geriatrics Fellowship Programs on X. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society 2025. link 11 Mailliez A, Fradin C, Boulanger É. From biology of ageing to geroscience: where will knowledge take us?. Age and ageing 2025. link 12 Flores-Castillo N, García-Peña C, Torres-Castro S, García-Hernández H. Citizens' Jury as a Strategy to Increase Social Participation Among Older People. Health expectations : an international journal of public participation in health care and health policy 2025. link 13 Schultz S, Francis SL, Shelley M, Datta M. Ageism webinars: A needs-based continuing education training for the national aging network. Gerontology & geriatrics education 2025. link 14 Rosselló-Jiménez D, Ozkok S, Duque S, Ekdahl A, Piotrowicz K, Petrovic M. Five years of the Early-Career Geriatricians Initiative (ECGI): reflecting on the past, shaping the present, and envisioning the future. European geriatric medicine 2025. link 15 Southerland LT, Willoughby LR, Lyou J, Goett RR, Markwalter DW, Gorgas DL. Integration of Geriatric Education Within the American Board of Emergency Medicine Model. The western journal of emergency medicine 2024. link 16 Morrow-Howell N, Kunkel S, Gendron T, Jarrott SE, Andreoletti C. Anti-Ageism for Gerontologists. Journal of aging & social policy 2024. link 17 Rattan SIS. Seven knowledge gaps in modern biogerontology. Biogerontology 2024. link 18 Howell BM, Peterson J. Starting a university gerontology research laboratory: Experiences from researchers in public health and psychology. Gerontology & geriatrics education 2024. link 19 Picakciefe M, Tiric E, Dede B, Yesilbas S, Guven Cengiz R, Mulayim Gullu D. Ageism among medical trainees and interns in Turkey and related factors. Advances in gerontology = Uspekhi gerontologii 2024. link 20 Mihevc Š, Grušovnik Mušič A, Rotar Pavlič D. Educator's role in preventing ageism. PloS one 2024. link 21 Waldron E, Wakefield K, O'Neill D. Interdisciplinarity in cultural gerontology and geriatric medical humanities - a bibliometric survey. European geriatric medicine 2024. link 22 Lee JC, Uleryk E, Ratnapalan S. How to conduct an annual literature update for top articles relevant to clinical practice in geriatrics: A scoping review. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society 2024. link 23 Tam CH, Ho EQY, Hewage SS, Tyagi S, Koh GCH. Medical and social domains of ageing research in Singapore (2008-2018): a scoping review. Singapore medical journal 2024. link 24 Segal-Gidan F, van den Brink G, Brouwers M, Heerdink G. A Fulbright International Exchange to Expand the Physician Assistant/Associate Curriculum in Geriatrics. The journal of physician assistant education : the official journal of the Physician Assistant Education Association 2024. link 25 Wang Q, Saadati S, Kabthymer RH, Gadanec LK, Lawton A, Tripodi N et al.. The impact of carnosine on biological ageing - A geroscience approach. Maturitas 2024. link 26 Rosselló-Jiménez D, Docampo S, Collado Y, Cuadra-Llopart L, Riba F, Llonch-Masriera M. Geriatrics and artificial intelligence in Spain (Ger-IA project): talking to ChatGPT, a nationwide survey. European geriatric medicine 2024. link 27 Karikari G, Lohrmann DK, Huber L, Adamek M, Omodior O. An application of the reasoned action approach to clinical students' intention toward a career in geriatrics. Nursing & health sciences 2024. link 28 Weissman C, Avidan A, Tandeter H, Zisk Rony RY. Unpopular medical specialties: exploring the concept that "the customer knows best". BMC medical education 2023. link 29 Gilleard C, Higgs P. Ageing without senescence: A critical absence in social gerontology?. Journal of aging studies 2023. link 30 Wohlmann A. Critique and Postcritique: Analyzing Age Stereotypes in Literary Studies and Health Care. The Gerontologist 2023. link 31 Cheung K, Tamura P, Malik Z, Lin J, Cyrus J, Alexander C et al.. Barriers and motivators to specializing in geriatrics and strategies for recruitment: Scoping review. Gerontology & geriatrics education 2023. link 32 García-Peña C, Tella-Vega P, Medina-Campos RH, García-Hernández H. Introduction: Historical Development and Progression of Clinical Research on Ageing. Sub-cellular biochemistry 2023. link 33 Keskinen K, Nikander P. Researching Time and Ageism: Applications of Qualitative Longitudinal Research to the Field. Journal of applied gerontology : the official journal of the Southern Gerontological Society 2023. link 34 Beiting KJ, Chippendale RZ, Goroncy A, Duggan MC. Geriatrics Fellows Learning Online And Together (Geri-a-FLOAT): A sustainable model of learning and support. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society 2023. link 35 Raisborough J, Watkins S, Connor R, Pitimson N. Reduced to curtain twitchers? Age, ageism and the careers of four women actors. Journal of women & aging 2022. link 36 Previtali F, Keskinen K, Niska M, Nikander P. Ageism in Working Life: A Scoping Review on Discursive Approaches. The Gerontologist 2022. link 37 Le Bourg E. Geroscience: the need to address some issues. Biogerontology 2022. link 38 Bhattacharya SB, Bhattacharya RK, Turner TA. Novel model to teach health care delivery in geriatrics. Gerontology & geriatrics education 2022. link 39 Janssen LM, Flores V, Cao J. A North Star for Gerontology: Using the Threshold Concept Framework to Transform Ageism Education. The Gerontologist 2022. link 40 Sljivic H, Sutherland I, Stannard C, Ioppolo C, Morrisby C. Changing attitudes towards older adults: Eliciting empathy through digital storytelling. Gerontology & geriatrics education 2022. link 41 Ramaswamy R, Leipzig RM, Hung WW. Implementation of an evidence-based medicine curriculum in a fellowship program: Can it influence clinical practice?. Gerontology & geriatrics education 2022. link 42 Ceylan S, Oytun MG, Bas AO, Balci C, Dogu BB, Halil MG et al.. Gender distribution among geriatricians: perspective from an ageing and developing country. European geriatric medicine 2022. link 43 O'Neill D. Refashioning the uneasy relationship between older people and geriatric medicine. Age and ageing 2022. link 44 Kokorelias KM, Leung G, Jamshed N, Grosse A, Sinha SK. Identifying the areas of low self-reported confidence of internal medicine residents in geriatrics: a descriptive study of findings from a structured geriatrics skills assessment survey. BMC medical education 2022. link 45 Dawson CMP, Abiola AO, Sullivan AM, Schwartz AW. You can't be what you can't see: A systematic website review of Geriatrics Online-Visibility at US medical schools. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society 2022. link 46 Chao SH, Kwok JY, Ubani BN, Rogers REP, Stark RL. Teaching medicine interns minimum geriatrics competencies within a "4 + 2" schedule. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society 2022. link 47 Ng R, Indran N. Hostility Toward Baby Boomers on TikTok. The Gerontologist 2022. link 48 Bachelet VC, Navarrete MS, Barrera-Riquelme C, Carrasco VA, Dallaserra M, Díaz RA et al.. A multiyear systematic survey of the quality of reporting for randomised trials in dentistry, neurology and geriatrics published in journals of Spain and Latin America. BMC medical research methodology 2021. link 49 Gagliardi C, Lamura G. Special Issue on "Advances in Socio-Economic Research on Ageing". International journal of environmental research and public health 2021. link 50 Erickson MA. Contemplative pedagogy as a framework for education about ageism. Gerontology & geriatrics education 2021. link 51 Karikari G, Huber L, Lohrmann DK, Ozdogan Z. Medical students perspectives and consideration of geriatrics for future practice. An exploratory study of a public medical school in Ghana. Gerontology & geriatrics education 2021. link 52 Ermer AE, York K, Mauro K. Addressing ageism using intergenerational performing arts interventions. Gerontology & geriatrics education 2021. link 53 Maybee C, Nguyen NT, Chan M, Chan E, Wei C, Quan T et al.. Assessing the Accessibility of Content for Geriatric Fellowship Programs. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society 2021. link 54 Rowe JM, Kim Y, Jang E, Ball S. Further examination of knowledge and interactions in ageism among college students: Value for promoting university activities. Gerontology & geriatrics education 2021. link 55 Gendron T, Cimarolli VR, Inker J, Rhodes A, Hennessa A, Stone R. The efficacy of a video-based intervention to reduce ageism among long-term services and supports staff. Gerontology & geriatrics education 2021. link 56 Stockman TB, Alsane DM, Slattum PW, Falls K, Parsons P, Donohoe KL. Evaluation of students' knowledge, values, and experiences in a geriatrics interprofessional practice-based model. Currents in pharmacy teaching & learning 2021. link 57 Grootswagers P, de Groot LCPGM. Nutritional concerns later in life. The Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 2021. link 58 Ogletree AM. On the shoulders of our mentors: A mentee's perspective on success. Gerontology & geriatrics education 2020. link 59 Rattan SIS. Naive extrapolations, overhyped claims and empty promises in ageing research and interventions need avoidance. Biogerontology 2020. link 60 Even-Zohar A, Werner S. The Effect of Educational Interventions on Willingness to Work with Older Adults: A Comparison of Students of Social Work and Health Professions. Journal of gerontological social work 2020. link 61 Medina-Walpole AM, Sachs GA, Hazzard WR. Chief to Chief: Reflections on Cultivating the Next Generation of Geriatrics Program Leaders. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society 2020. link 62 Lytle A, Nowacek N, Levy SR. Instapals: Reducing ageism by facilitating intergenerational contact and providing aging education. Gerontology & geriatrics education 2020. link 63 Karikari G, Lohrmann DK, Huber L. Stimulators of medical students' interest in geriatric medicine-A Systematic Review. Australasian journal on ageing 2020. link 64 Wilson LA, Gilliam MA, Richmond NL, Mournighan KJ, Perfect CR, Buhr GT. Geriatrics Scholarly Concentration Programs Among U.S. Medical Schools. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society 2020. link 65 Mamcarz I, Torres K, Mamcarz P, Jurek K, Torres A, Szast K. The role of emotional intelligence in attitudes towards elderly patients - Comparative study of medical students from rural and urban areas. Annals of agricultural and environmental medicine : AAEM 2020. link 66 Thompson S, Metcalfe K, Boncey K, Merriman C, Flynn LC, Alg GS et al.. Interprofessional education in geriatric medicine: towards best practice. A controlled before-after study of medical and nursing students. BMJ open 2020. link 67 Toze M. Developing a critical trans gerontology. The British journal of sociology 2019. link 68 Ruggiano N, Williams J. Does the DSW Practice Doctorate Provide Opportunities for Closing Gaps in Gerontology?. Journal of gerontological social work 2019. link 69 Moreira T. Anticipatory measure: Alex Comfort, experimental gerontology and the measurement of senescence. Studies in history and philosophy of biological and biomedical sciences 2019. link 70 Lytle A, Levy SR. Reducing Ageism: Education About Aging and Extended Contact With Older Adults. The Gerontologist 2019. link 71 Jukema JS, Veerman M, Van Alphen J, Visser G, Smits C, Kingma T. Nurturing gerontology students' intrinsic motivation to cocreate: The design of a powerful learning environment. Gerontology & geriatrics education 2019. link 72 Teater B. How stereotypes and attitudes toward older adults are challenged through intergenerational contact: Young people explain the process. Gerontology & geriatrics education 2018. link 73 Pitkälä KH, Martin FC, Maggi S, Jyväkorpi SK, Strandberg TE. Status of Geriatrics in 22 Countries. The journal of nutrition, health & aging 2018. link 74 van de Pol MHJ, Lagro J, Koopman EL, Olde Rikkert MGM, Fluit CRMG, Lagro-Janssen ALM. Lessons learned from narrative feedback of students on a geriatric training program. Gerontology & geriatrics education 2018. link 75 Granero Lucchetti AL, Ezequiel ODS, Oliveira IN, Moreira-Almeida A, Lucchetti G. Using traditional or flipped classrooms to teach "Geriatrics and Gerontology"? Investigating the impact of active learning on medical students' competences. Medical teacher 2018. link 76 Jurivich DA, Bande D, Theige D, Van Eck R, Klug MG, Gores S et al.. Integrating Geriatrics Knowledge into a Medical Student Clerkship Using Twitter Poll. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society 2018. link 77 Mikkelsen K, Apostolopoulos V. B Vitamins and Ageing. Sub-cellular biochemistry 2018. link 78 McCleary L, Boscart V, Donahue P, Harvey K. Educator Readiness to Improve Gerontological Curricula in Health and Social Service Education. Canadian journal on aging = La revue canadienne du vieillissement 2017. link 79 Reuben DB, Kaplan DB, van der Willik O, O Brien-Suric N. John A. Hartford Foundation Centers of Excellence Program: History, Impact, and Legacy. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society 2017. link 80 Tuqan AT, Lee M, Weintraub NT, Reuben DB. Development and Validation of a Geriatrics Knowledge Test to Evaluate Geriatrics Fellowship Programs. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society 2017. link 81 Kruger TM, Pearl AJ. Beyond Assessment: Conducting Theoretically Grounded Research on Service-Learning in Gerontology Courses. Gerontology & geriatrics education 2016. link 82 Reynolds J, Bernard M, Rezzano J, Rickett M. Ageing, Drama, and Creativity: Translating Research Into Practice. Gerontology & geriatrics education 2016. link 83 Amaral M, Matias F, Massena L, Cardoso N. Undergraduate Teaching in Geriatrics and Pediatrics in Portuguese Medical Schools: An Observational Study. Acta medica portuguesa 2016. link 84 Shield RR, Farrell TW, Campbell SE, Nanda A, Wetle T. Professional development and exposure to geriatrics: medical student perspectives from narrative journals. Gerontology & geriatrics education 2015. link 85 Chippendale T. Factors Associated With Interest in Working With Older Adults: Implications for Educational Practices. The Journal of nursing education 2015. link 86 Ramaswamy R, Leipzig RM, Howe CL, Sauvigne K, Usiak C, Soriano RP. The portal of geriatrics online education: a 21st-century resource for teaching geriatrics. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society 2015. link 87 Peterson LE, Cochrane A, Bazemore AW, Petterson S. Reported practice patterns among family physicians with a geriatrics certificate of added qualifications. Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine : JABFM 2015. link 88 Duckett A, Cuoco T, Pride P, Wiley K, Iverson PJ, Marsden J et al.. Academic detailing to teach aging and geriatrics. Gerontology & geriatrics education 2015. link 89 Yang Y, Xiao LD, Ullah S, Deng L. General practitioners' knowledge of ageing and attitudes towards older people in China. Australasian journal on ageing 2015. link 90 Curran MA, Black M, Depp CA, Iglewicz A, Reichstadt J, Palinkas L et al.. Perceived barriers and facilitators for an academic career in geriatrics: medical students' perspectives. Academic psychiatry : the journal of the American Association of Directors of Psychiatric Residency Training and the Association for Academic Psychiatry 2015. link 91 Carney GM, Gray M. Unmasking the 'elderly mystique': Why it is time to make the personal political in ageing research. Journal of aging studies 2015. link 92 Meiboom AA, de Vries H, Hertogh CM, Scheele F. Why medical students do not choose a career in geriatrics: a systematic review. BMC medical education 2015. link 93 Resnick B. Consultant pharmacists, advanced practice nurses, and the interdisciplinary team. The Consultant pharmacist : the journal of the American Society of Consultant Pharmacists 2014. link 94 Gelfman LP, Lindenberger E, Fernandez H, Goldberg GR, Lim BB, Litrivis E et al.. The effectiveness of the Geritalk communication skills course: a real-time assessment of skill acquisition and deliberate practice. Journal of pain and symptom management 2014. link 95 Capitaine L, Devolder K, Pennings G. Lifespan extension and the doctrine of double effect. Theoretical medicine and bioethics 2013. link 96 Howe AL. The role of the Australasian Journal on Ageing in the Asia-Oceania region. Australasian journal on ageing 2013. link 97 Khavinson V. "I think that the small peptides are the best for healthy ageing...", an interview with Vladimir Khavinson. Interview by Suresh I. S. Rattan. Biogerontology 2013. link 98 Stahl ST, Metzger A. College students' ageist behavior: the role of aging knowledge and perceived vulnerability to disease. Gerontology & geriatrics education 2013. link 99 Wiederhold BK, Riva G. The quest for active and healthy ageing: what cyberpsychology can offer. Studies in health technology and informatics 2013. link 100 Grymonpre R, van Ineveld C, Nelson M. Inter-professional clinical placements as a recruitment strategy in geriatrics: survey of students' perceptions. Healthcare quarterly (Toronto, Ont.) 2013. link

    Original source

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