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Musculoskeletal2 papers

Fracture of coracoid process of scapula

Last edited: 4/10/2026

Overview

Coracoid process nonunion (CN) is a rare complication of scapular fractures, with limited reports and no universally accepted treatment standard 1. The coracoid process is anatomically important, and its disruption can be associated with other shoulder girdle injuries 1.

Diagnosis

  • Fractures are classified using Ogawa's functional classification and Eyres' anatomical classification 1.
  • Concurrent injuries to the superior shoulder suspensory complex (SSSC) may be present 1.
  • Causes of nonunion can include oversight by the treating physician 1.
  • Management

  • Treatment for coracoid process nonunion lacks a widely accepted standard 1.
  • Conservative treatment is mentioned as a frequent approach for nonunion 1.
  • Key Recommendations

  • Treatment for coracoid process nonunion lacks a widely accepted standard 1. (Evidence: Weak)
  • Conservative treatment is a frequent approach for coracoid process nonunion 1. (Evidence: Weak)
  • References

    1 Ogawa K, Matsumura N, Yoshida A. Nonunion of the coracoid process: a systematic review. Archives of orthopaedic and trauma surgery 2021. link

    Original source

    1. [1]
      Nonunion of the coracoid process: a systematic review.Ogawa K, Matsumura N, Yoshida A Archives of orthopaedic and trauma surgery (2021)

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