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Psychiatry14 papers

Residual schizophrenia in remission

Last edited: 4/10/2026

Overview

Residual schizophrenia is a subtype characterized by the persistence of negative symptoms and cognitive deficits despite the absence of prominent positive symptoms 1. Current treatments offer only partial efficacy, with limited options for negative symptoms and cognitive impairment 1.

Diagnosis

Management

  • Family interventions are efficacious for relapse prevention in schizophrenia 2.
  • Various psychosocial and psychological interventions are used for relapse prevention in schizophrenia 3.
  • Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is being investigated as a novel intervention for schizophrenia, with potential for negative symptoms and cognitive impairment 1.
  • Common adverse effects of active rTMS compared to sham include headache or scalp pain, dizziness or syncope, facial twitching, and nausea 1. Seizures were also noted as a potential adverse effect 1.

    • Special Populations

    Key Recommendations

  • Family interventions are recommended for relapse prevention in schizophrenia 2. (Evidence: Strong)
  • Psychosocial and psychological interventions should be considered for relapse prevention in schizophrenia 3. (Evidence: Strong)
  • The safety profile of rTMS in schizophrenia requires further characterization, with potential adverse effects including headache, dizziness, facial twitching, nausea, and seizures 1. (Evidence: Moderate)

    • References

    1 Blyth SH, Cruz Bosch C, Raffoul JJ, Chesley J, Johnson B, Borodge D et al.. Safety of rTMS for Schizophrenia: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Schizophrenia bulletin 2025. link 2 Rodolico A, Bighelli I, Avanzato C, Concerto C, Cutrufelli P, Mineo L et al.. Family interventions for relapse prevention in schizophrenia: a systematic review and network meta-analysis. The lancet. Psychiatry 2022. link00437-5) 3 Bighelli I, Rodolico A, García-Mieres H, Pitschel-Walz G, Hansen WP, Schneider-Thoma J et al.. Psychosocial and psychological interventions for relapse prevention in schizophrenia: a systematic review and network meta-analysis. The lancet. Psychiatry 2021. link00243-1)

    Original source

    1. [1]
      Safety of rTMS for Schizophrenia: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. — Blyth SH, Cruz Bosch C, Raffoul JJ, Chesley J, Johnson B, Borodge D et al. Schizophrenia bulletin (2025)
    2. [2]
      Family interventions for relapse prevention in schizophrenia: a systematic review and network meta-analysis. — Rodolico A, Bighelli I, Avanzato C, Concerto C, Cutrufelli P, Mineo L et al. The lancet. Psychiatry (2022)
    3. [3]
      Psychosocial and psychological interventions for relapse prevention in schizophrenia: a systematic review and network meta-analysis. — Bighelli I, Rodolico A, García-Mieres H, Pitschel-Walz G, Hansen WP, Schneider-Thoma J et al. The lancet. Psychiatry (2021)
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