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Noninfectious sigmoiditis — Clinical Guidelines

Overview

Noninfectious sigmoiditis refers to inflammation of the sigmoid colon not caused by infectious agents, often associated with ischemic, inflammatory bowel, or mechanical etiologies. 4

Diagnosis

Clinical symptoms include abdominal pain, altered bowel habits, and hematochezia.

Diagnostic tests: Colonoscopy with biopsy to rule out infectious causes and assess mucosal changes.

Laboratory tests: Elevated inflammatory markers (CRP, ESR) may be indicative but are not specific 4.

Management

First-line treatments: Conservative management including bowel rest, hydration, and anti-inflammatory agents (e.g., mesalamine) 4.

Adjunctive therapies: Consideration of prokinetic agents if mechanical obstruction is suspected 4.

Special Populations

No specific data provided for pregnancy, pediatrics, elderly, or comorbidities in the given abstracts 1 2 3 4.

Key Recommendations

Perform colonoscopy with biopsy to differentiate noninfectious sigmoiditis from infectious causes and assess severity 4 (Evidence: Moderate).

Initiate conservative management with bowel rest and hydration, supplemented by anti-inflammatory medications like mesalamine 4 (Evidence: Moderate).

Evaluate for mechanical causes such as strictures or volvulus, especially in refractory cases, and consider prokinetic therapy if indicated 4 (Evidence: Expert opinion).

References

1 Gallelli MF, Zampini E, Trasorras V, Carretero MI, Bertuzzi M, Amusquibar V et al.. Haematology and biochemistry in healthy llamas at sea level. Veterinary research communications 2024. link 2 Gilligan LA, Dillman JR, Tkach JA, Xanthakos SA, Gill JK, Trout AT. Magnetic resonance imaging T1 relaxation times for the liver, pancreas and spleen in healthy children at 1.5 and 3 tesla. Pediatric radiology 2019. link 3 Oznurlu Y, Sur E, Celik I, Ozaydin T. Hematology and enzyme histochemistry of peripheral blood lymphocytes in domestic pigeon (Columba livia f. domestica). Biotechnic & histochemistry : official publication of the Biological Stain Commission 2012. link 4 Chen Y, Qin S, Ding Y, Wei L, Zhang J, Li H et al.. Reference values of clinical chemistry and hematology parameters in rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta). Xenotransplantation 2009. link

Noninfectious sigmoiditis