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Cardiology3260 papers

Systemic lupus erythematosus

Last edited: 29 days ago

Overview

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by multisystem involvement and variable clinical presentations, including musculoskeletal, renal, and neuropsychiatric manifestations. 1 2

Diagnosis

Clinical Criteria: Presence of four or more of eleven criteria including malar rash, photosensitivity, oral ulcers, arthritis, serositis, renal disorder, neurologic disorder, hematologic disorder, immunologic disorder, antinuclear antibody positivity, and anti-double-stranded DNA antibodies. 4

Laboratory Tests: Positive ANA and anti-dsDNA antibodies, low complement levels (C3, C4), and other autoantibodies. 1 4

Renal Involvement: Assessment via urinalysis, renal biopsy, and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) for lupus nephritis grading. 1 18

Management

First-Line Treatments:

- Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs): For mild musculoskeletal symptoms. 1 - Hydroxychloroquine: For disease suppression and prevention of flares. 45 - Corticosteroids: High-dose for acute flares, tapering as disease activity subsides. 1

Adjunctive Treatments:

- Immunosuppressants: Mycophenolate mofetil, azathioprine, cyclophosphamide for moderate to severe disease. 6 66 - Biologics: Belimumab for moderate-to-severe SLE, anifrolumab for moderate-to-severe cutaneous and renal manifestations. 10 9 - Rituximab: For refractory cases, particularly neuropsychiatric SLE. 34 40

Special Populations

Pregnancy: Hydroxychloroquine use recommended to prevent flares; careful monitoring of disease activity and fetal well-being. 60

Pediatrics: Early diagnosis crucial; management tailored to age-specific manifestations and growth considerations. 61

Elderly: Increased risk of comorbidities; individualized treatment plans focusing on cardiovascular and renal protection. 7 17

Comorbidities: Special attention to cardiovascular risk factors, including monitoring for subclinical atherosclerosis and managing hypertension and hyperlipidemia. 15 27 37

Key Recommendations

Implement Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment (CGA) for elderly patients to identify and manage comorbidities that may impact SLE outcomes. (Evidence: Moderate) 7

Use Belimumab for patients with moderate-to-severe SLE who have failed conventional therapy, considering its efficacy and safety profile. (Evidence: Moderate) 10

Optimize Management of Lupus Nephritis with immunosuppressive agents like mycophenolate mofetil or cyclophosphamide, guided by renal biopsy findings and response to therapy. (Evidence: Strong) 1 66

Monitor and Manage Cardiovascular Risk factors, including lipid profiles and endothelial dysfunction markers, to reduce cardiovascular morbidity. (Evidence: Moderate) 15 27

Provide Patient Education and Decision Support tools to improve adherence and outcomes, especially in diverse populations. (Evidence: Expert opinion) 70

References

Showing 100 most recent of 2230 indexed papers.

1 Fanouriakis A, Kostopoulou M, Anders HJ, Andersen J, Aringer M, Beresford MW et al.. EULAR recommendations for the management of systemic lupus erythematosus with kidney involvement: 2025 update. Annals of the rheumatic diseases 2026. link 2 Huang WN, Chen MH, Hsieh SC, Lu LY, Wu YJ, Tsai CY et al.. The Taiwan College of Rheumatology Consensus for the Management of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. International journal of rheumatic diseases 2026. link 3 Hammam N, Ismail WN, El-Gazzar II, Khalil NM, Mohamed EF, Noshy N et al.. Machine learning-based identification of factors associated with spontaneous abortion in patients with Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE): Insights from the Egyptian College of Rheumatology (ECR)-SLE cohort. Lupus 2026. link 4 Irabu H, Ohara A, Nakamura A, Narazaki H, Hayashi Y, Yamasaki Y et al.. Validation of the 2019 EULAR/ACR classification criteria and clinical characteristics of childhood-onset Japanese patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Modern rheumatology 2026. link 5 Quintana R, Camacho C, Brigante A, Nieto R, Isnardi C, Juarez V et al.. Delays in Lupus Diagnosis and Treatment in the Southern Cone: A Qualitative Study of Patient and Rheumatologist Perspectives. Journal of clinical rheumatology : practical reports on rheumatic & musculoskeletal diseases 2026. link 6 Manrique de Lara A, Peláez Ballestas IDP, Mendoza-Pinto C, Ugarte-Gil M, Muñoz-Louis R, Díaz-Cuiza PE et al.. Unmet Needs in the Care of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Insights and Recommendations From Patients and Rheumatologists in Latin America. Journal of clinical rheumatology : practical reports on rheumatic & musculoskeletal diseases 2026. link 7 Plantinga LC, Fitzpatrick J, Dunlop-Thomas CM, Hoge C, Lim SS, Yazdany J et al.. Conditions identified by common comprehensive geriatric assessment measures and subsequent acute care among adults with SLE. Lupus science & medicine 2026. link 8 Xie R, Cheong LY, Zhang D, Wu KCH, Chan SCW, Au I et al.. Vaccine-associated lupus and related organ involvements: A pharmacovigilance analysis of VAERS database 1990-2025. Seminars in arthritis and rheumatism 2026. link 9 Zhou Q, He X. Real-world safety profile of anifrolumab: An observational disproportionality analysis of the FAERS database. Medicine 2026. link 10 Santoro F, Orlandi M, Cassone G, Malandra MG, Vacchi C, Secchi O et al.. Beyond systemic lupus erythematosus: a systematic review on the use of belimumab in other connective tissue diseases and vasculitides. Clinical rheumatology 2026. link 11 Hao W, Zhai S, Zhu Q, Zhou X, Shen T, He W et al.. First case of . Frontiers in immunology 2026. link 12 Chessa E, Congiu F, Rizzo G, Pireddu MP, Ragusa E, Floris A et al.. Rationale for investigating the use of anifrolumab in neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus: a combined narrative and case-based systematic literature review. Frontiers in immunology 2026. link 13 Gao WJ, Zang QF, Xu Y, Zang YS. Belimumab-induced remission in refractory lupus mesenteric vasculitis: a case report with 49-month follow-up. Frontiers in immunology 2026. link 14 Matmat K, Jamann H, Maazouzi A, Bigaut K, Maitre M, De Seze J et al.. A multidimensional analysis of neuropsychiatric lupus: clinical, biological and imaging insights from systematic evidence. Frontiers in immunology 2026. link 15 Mendonça JA, de Oliveira A, Lima Santos L, Vieira D, Barbosa Carbinatto R, Victor Martinez J. Assessment of subclinical cardiovascular risk in systemic lupus erythematosus utilizing carotid ultrasound and clinical evaluation. Lupus 2026. link 16 Cheng L, Jin Y, Zong H, Qian L. Clinical characteristics, associated factors, and outcomes of posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: a case-control study. Clinical rheumatology 2026. link 17 Assawasaksakul T, Fava A, Goldman D, Magder LS, Petri M. 25-Hydroxyvitamin D levels are associated with mortality and cardiovascular events in systemic lupus erythematosus. Annals of the rheumatic diseases 2026. link 18 Yang Y, Tan M, Zhang X, Zhao M, Tan Y. An observational study on lupus nephritis combined with cryoglobulinemia. Renal failure 2026. link 19 Lu S, Zhong H, Zhou K, Li W, Zhu Y, Tang W et al.. A severe case of rhabdomyolysis, acute kidney injury, cardiogenic shock, and chronic complications caused by an excessively large dose of Tripterygium glycoside. International immunopharmacology 2026. link 20 Kang JH, Yoon J, Song JJ, Choi HJ, Hong S, Jeon CH et al.. Clinical, serological and haemodynamic factors associated with poor outcomes in systemic lupus erythematosus-associated pulmonary arterial hypertension: a multicentre retrospective study from Korea. Rheumatology (Oxford, England) 2026. link 21 Gonzalez-Gay MÁ, Gómez-Bernal F, Tejera-Segura B, Quevedo-Abeledo JC, García-Barrera E, Villar LM et al.. Serum IL-2 levels are associated with disease activity and related to dyslipidaemia and the immunological profile in systemic lupus erythematosus. Lupus science & medicine 2026. link 22 F A, George OK, Alex AG, Sahitya MS. Myocardial infarction in a child with systemic lupus erythematosus. BMJ case reports 2026. link 23 Madenidou AV, Rice GI, O'Sullivan J, Parker B, Bruce IN, Burkitt-Wright E et al.. Noonan Syndrome Spectrum Disorders Predispose to Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Case Report and Critical Review of the Literature. American journal of medical genetics. Part A 2026. link 24 Yan B, Guo H, Wen Y, Hu T, Zhai S, Zhang M et al.. The role of clot waveform analysis and related parameters in the diagnosis and treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus. Thrombosis research 2026. link 25 Sanaka K, Mathew J, Hoque AR, Xu B. Outcomes and Predictors of Inpatient Mortality for Marantic Endocarditis Complicating Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Contemporary Nationwide Study From the United States. Angiology 2026. link 26 Demirtzoglou G, Damanaki A, Flouda S, Grigoriou M, Banos A, Nikolopoulos D et al.. Unique brain mechanisms in early events in SLE with diffuse neuropsychiatric disease (NPSLE): Implications for the management. Lupus 2026. link 27 Chen J, Zhou X. Left Ventricular Mass Index as an independent predictor of major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events in patients with SLE. Lupus science & medicine 2026. link 28 Gupta R, Agapoff M, Diamond B. Neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus - current and novel treatments. Current opinion in rheumatology 2026. link 29 Wong ML, Yip KM, Ma AL, Chan EY. Neuropsychiatric SLE in children with childhood-onset lupus nephritis: a 20-year retrospective cohort study. Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) 2026. link 30 Babalola KT, Ganugula R, Arora M, Anderson D, Agarwal SK, Mohan C et al.. Dose optimization of lymph node-targeted cyclosporine-A for lupus-driven vasculopathy. Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society 2026. link 31 Shui X, Cao Y, He Y, Zeng S, Ye N, Ma M. Factors associated with venous and arterial thrombosis in patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Thrombosis research 2026. link 32 Parperis K, Bertsias G, Lampi M, Constantinou M, Bhattarai B. Time Trends in Acute Coronary Syndrome Hospitalizations and Outcomes in Patients With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A United States Inpatient Cohort Analysis. The Journal of rheumatology 2026. link 33 Kashyap S, Raj N, Kumar V, Khurana S, Kumar S, Chawhan P et al.. Atypical lupus nephritis unmasked after albumin correction: a diagnostic pitfall presenting with cerebral venous sinus thrombosis. BMJ case reports 2026. link 34 Li C, Yu W, Li A, Chen Y, Zhao J, Lin Y et al.. Intrathecal injection of rituximab inhibits microglial M1 polarisation to alleviate neuropsychiatric SLE symptoms via the cAMP/PKA/CREB signalling pathway. Lupus science & medicine 2026. link 35 Zhao X, Yi Z, Cao Y, Zhang C, Li Z, Gao D et al.. Association of Blood-Brain Barrier Function With Disease Activity and Cognitive Function in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Patients. Journal of magnetic resonance imaging : JMRI 2026. link 36 Santiago IB, da Silva AA, Nóbrega ILP, de Melo MMF, Neto JMC, Amadei LP et al.. Leukodystrophy-like phenotype in early-onset neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus: Case series and systematic review of the literature. Revue neurologique 2026. link 37 Butler HM, Zehntner ME, Van Beusecum JP. Endothelial Dysfunction: Insights into Systemic Lupus Erythematosus-associated Cardiovascular Disease and Neuropsychiatric Manifestations. Journal of cardiovascular translational research 2026. link 38 Cao S, Wang C. Immunopathogenesis of accelerated atherosclerosis in systemic lupus erythematosus: from innate and adaptive dysregulation to clinical implications. Frontiers in immunology 2026. link 39 Ren X, Xu M, Huang Y, Lin L, Dong Y, Zhang Y et al.. Glymphatic dysfunction in systemic lupus erythematosus. Clinical rheumatology 2026. link 40 Zhao L, He J, Mei C, Jiang L. The efficacy of rituximab plus telitacicept in neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus: A retrospective study. Clinical immunology (Orlando, Fla.) 2026. link 41 Becatti M, Emmi G, Bettiol A, Mannucci A, Argento FR, Fini E et al.. Reactive Oxygen Species-Induced Modifications of Fibrin Clots as a Link Between Immune Responses and Atherothrombosis in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. Arthritis & rheumatology (Hoboken, N.J.) 2026. link 42 Aznar-Esquivel A, Hernández-González M, García-González M, Gómez-Bernal F, Quevedo-Abeledo JC, Almeida-Santiago C et al.. Evaluating the metabolic score for insulin resistance in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Clinical and experimental rheumatology 2026. link 43 Sembo TWS, Fatehi Hassanabad A, Schultz RD, Webb NA, Kent WDT. A rare and unique case of quadricuspid aortic valve in a patient with triple valve disease and lupus. Future cardiology 2026. link 44 Chen J, Cui C, Xu F, Feng J, Chen J, Wang X et al.. ShenQi DiHuang Decoction (SQDHD) Ameliorates Neuroinflammation and Neuropsychiatric Manifestations in Pristane Induced Lupus Mice via Blocking JAK1-STAT3 Pathway. CNS neuroscience & therapeutics 2026. link 45 Saleh ZF, Somers EC, Romero VC, Marder W. Hydroxychloroquine in systemic lupus erythematosus, anti-SSA/SSB, and antiphospholipid antibody-positive pregnancies. American journal of obstetrics and gynecology 2026. link 46 El Shintenawy AA, Elshintenawy E, Awny RM, Tabra SA. Serum Endocan in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Implication for Endothelial Dysfunction and Cardiovascular Risk. International journal of rheumatic diseases 2026. link 47 Matmat K, Guéant-Rodriguez RM, Darcq E, Baspinar O, Alberto JM, Guéant JL et al.. IFNγ-associated immune-metabolic remodeling is linked to serotonin-kynurenine imbalance and cortical vulnerability in lupus-prone mice. Frontiers in immunology 2026. link 48 Wetoska N, Shiva A, Nagarsheth K. The Impact of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus on Major Lower Extremity Amputation: Risk Factors and Recovery. Annals of vascular surgery 2026. link 49 Qasem U, Alghwyeen W, Alshqeirat M, Saman R, Adwan MH, Alnaimat F et al.. Unveiling pleuropulmonary manifestations in systemic lupus erythematosus: a retrospective observational study from the Middle East. Clinical rheumatology 2026. link 50 Jorge A, Patel AV, Zhou B, Zhang L, Choi H. Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonist Use and the Risk of Adverse Cardiac and Kidney Outcomes Among Patients With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Lupus Nephritis. Arthritis & rheumatology (Hoboken, N.J.) 2026. link 51 Shen N, Weinmann-Menke J, Malvar A, Serra-Roma A, Weiss M, Danekula R et al.. Efficacy, pharmacokinetics and safety of iscalimab (CFZ533) in patients with proliferative lupus nephritis: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase II study. RMD open 2025. link 52 Li RC, Liu XY, Fu L, Lan YY, Huang AF, Li YW et al.. Risk factors in systemic lupus erythematosus-associated Sjögren's syndrome: multicenter case-control studies and systematic review. Clinical rheumatology 2025. link 53 Nordmann-Gomes A, Khalili L, Tang W, Geraldino-Pardilla L, Gartshteyn Y, Clancy R et al.. CAR T-cell therapy in SLE: A systematic review. Seminars in arthritis and rheumatism 2025. link 54 Zheng Z, Liu J, Yun M, Deng L, Xiang P, Jiang M et al.. Immune thrombocytopenia in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Clinical rheumatology 2025. link 55 Wu C, Deng K, Zhang Y, Qin Y, Wen J, Chen BT et al.. Advanced neuroimaging in systemic lupus erythematosus: identifying biomarkers for cognitive dysfunction. Neuroradiology 2025. link 56 Ding Z, Zhang H, Huang F, Liu Y, Zhou Q, Hu D et al.. Efficacy and Safety of Biologics for Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE): A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis. Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology 2025. link 57 Julio PR, Capello CH, de Amorim JC, Andrade SO, Silveira-Moriyama L, Coan AC et al.. Chorea associated with systemic lupus erythematosus- a systematic review. Lupus 2025. link 58 Zhou C, Li J, Zhao J, Bai XY, Shang S, Li W. Interleukin-18 in lupus nephritis: a meta-analysis of cytokine signaling dysregulation in immune-mediated nephropathy. Frontiers in immunology 2025. link 59 Wang Y, Zhao R, Liang Q, Ni S, Yang M, Qiu L et al.. Organ-based characterization of B cells in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Frontiers in immunology 2025. link 60 Gerede A, Oikonomou E, Stavros S, Potiris A, Papasozomenou P, Zafrakas M et al.. Systemic Lupus Erythematosus in Pregnancy. Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland) 2025. link 61 Akbar L, Khader MS, Elshaer R, Jaber S, Khader AK, Abdulwali S et al.. Prepubertal to adolescent lupus: Age-related variations in clinical, laboratory, and outcome profiles. Lupus 2025. link 62 Guan X, He X, Liu L. Neutrophil extracellular traps and neuropsychiatric lupus: Signaling pathways involved in NET formation and mechanisms affecting the central nervous system. Autoimmunity reviews 2025. link 63 Freimann K, Brümmer A, Warmerdam R, Rupall TS, Hernández-Ledesma AL, Chiou J et al.. Trans-eQTL mapping prioritises USP18 as a negative regulator of interferon response at a lupus risk locus. Nature communications 2025. link 64 Sims S, Rowsey K, Hemmerich C, Howard H, Babek J, Jones G et al.. Systematic Review of Inequitable Population Representation in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Clinical Trials. Arthritis care & research 2025. link 65 Hanna Z, Yoann H, Laurence B, Jean-Baptiste V, Antoine B, Vincent C et al.. Lupus-associated hypoprothrombinemia syndrome in children: Differences between post-infectious and autoimmune forms. Thrombosis research 2025. link 66 Gezgin Yildirim D, Orulluoglu EY, Yildiz C, Acari C, Dundar HA, Akaci O et al.. Cyclophosphamide treatment with a comparison in both pediatric rheumatology and pediatric nephrology practices. Pediatric rheumatology online journal 2025. link 67 Kumar V, Chandra Y, Khan S, Perman ML, Ritchie A, Jesudason S et al.. Challenges of Managing Lupus Nephritis in an Emerging Nephrology Centre: A Fijian Cohort Study. Nephrology (Carlton, Vic.) 2025. link 68 Aringer M, Szelinski F, Dörner T, Costenbader KH, Johnson SR. SLE classification criteria item relationships: implications on SLE as a disease entity. Annals of the rheumatic diseases 2025. link 69 Sadun RE, Cooper JC, Belot A, Avcin T, Aggarwal A, Ainsworth J et al.. Development of CARRA/PReS-endorsed consensus Core and Expanded Datasets in childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus for international registry-based research. Annals of the rheumatic diseases 2025. link 70 Singh JA, Hearld LR, Eisen S, Chatham WW, Narain S, Annapureddy N et al.. Implementation outcomes of a patient decision-aid in a diverse population with systemic lupus erythematosus in 15 US rheumatology clinics. Rheumatology (Oxford, England) 2025. link 71 Parodis I, Fanouriakis A, Bortoluzzi A, Iking-Konert C, Weinmann-Menke J, San Román C et al.. Practical insights for the clinical implementation of the EULAR recommendations for patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. RMD open 2025. link 72 Mucke J, Bertsias G, Aringer M, Arnaud L, Boström C, Cervera R et al.. EULAR recommendations for a core dataset to support clinical care and translational and observational research in systemic lupus erythematosus. Annals of the rheumatic diseases 2025. link 73 Aslan E, Sahin S, Bektas S, Akay N, Gul U, Kilic Konte E et al.. The performance of the 2019 EULAR/ACR classification criteria in childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus. Lupus 2025. link 74 Datyner E, Dingle J, Newsome V, Buckley LH, Belsky N, Park S et al.. Increasing and maintaining rates of standardized depression screening in youth with childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus in a pediatric rheumatology clinic. Pediatric rheumatology online journal 2025. link 75 Hammam N, Elsaman A, Abualfadl E, Senara S, Gamal NM, Abd-Elsamea MH et al.. Performance of the systemic lupus erythematosus risk probability index (SLERPI) in the Egyptian college of rheumatology (ECR) study cohort. Clinical rheumatology 2025. link 76 El Tal T, Steiman A, Knight A, Hiraki LT, Levy DM, Toulany A et al.. Evaluation of a Pediatric-Adult Dyad Care Model for Transitioning Youth With Childhood-Onset Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. The Journal of rheumatology 2025. link 77 Nielsen W, Kharouf F, Grajales CM, Thayaparan A, Anderson M, Strand V et al.. Scoping literature review to identify candidate domains for the OMERACT Systemic Lupus Erythematosus core outcome set. Seminars in arthritis and rheumatism 2025. link 78 Qi B, Zhao J, Meng C, Bu P, Pu LQ, Zhao W et al.. Exploring the association between systemic lupus erythematosus and osteonecrosis by Mendelian randomization analysis. Scientific reports 2025. link 79 Ramachandran S, Little AJ, Gehlhausen JR. Lupus erythematosus and dermatomyositis. Clinics in dermatology 2025. link 80 Li Z, Lu J, Wu M. Intense Pulsed Light Improves Facial Telangiectasia and Acne-Induced Post-Inflammatory Erythema in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Patient: A Case Report. Journal of cosmetic dermatology 2025. link 81 Stanciu M, Lee JE, McDonald EG, Clark G, Pineau CA, Kalache F et al.. Medication-related hospitalisations in patients with SLE. Lupus science & medicine 2025. link 82 Lieber SB, Shea Y, Gottesman SP, Smole A, Nagpal NG, Nguyen J et al.. Perceptions of ageing among middle-aged and older adults with SLE: a single-centre cross-sectional study. Lupus science & medicine 2025. link 83 Li H, Xie W, Wang C, Guo C. Postmarketing safety evaluation of belimumab: a pharmacovigilance analysis. Lupus science & medicine 2025. link 84 Ren N, Tian X, Chen L. Comparing adverse events of Saphnelo and Benlysta: A real-world observational study based on the FDA adverse event reporting system (FAERS) following STROBE guidelines. Medicine 2025. link 85 Zhen L, Chen H, Pan W, Song J, Yi H, Zhou H. Characterisation of systemic lupus erythematosus associated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: a pharmacovigilance study using FAERS database. Lupus science & medicine 2025. link 86 He M, Yang J, Yan S, Shu Q, Liu PC. Conducting a real-world study of Tumor Necrosis factor-alpha inhibitors-induced Systemic Lupus Erythematosus based on the FAERS database. Scientific reports 2025. link 87 Bai H, Tian J. Global research landscape on antiphospholipid syndrome and systemic lupus erythematosus: Trends, collaborations, and future directions. Autoimmunity reviews 2025. link 88 Pérez LM, Fiorotto M, Villarreal G, Katsicas MM, Rino P. Ruptured aortic aneurysm in an adolescent with systemic lupus erythematosus. Archivos argentinos de pediatria 2025. link 89 Kodera H, Sakamoto Y, Aoki J, Kimura R, Matsumoto N, Nishiyama Y et al.. Pathological Findings of Embolus Retrieved by Mechanical Thrombectomy in Cerebral Embolism with Libman-Sacks Endocarditis. Internal medicine (Tokyo, Japan) 2025. link 90 Liu J, Cao Z, Wang Y, Zheng J. Case Report: Telitacicept in the treatment of cSLE-APS: novel therapeutic perspectives on autoimmune thrombotic diseases in children. Frontiers in immunology 2025. link 91 Jiang C, Zhu Z, Tai Y, Lu M, Cheng H, Su T et al.. Combined injection of pristane and Bacillus Calmette-Guerin Vaccine successfully establishes a lupus model with atherosclerosis. Experimental cell research 2025. link 92 Ma KS, Lo JE, Kyttaris VC, Tsokos GC, Costenbader KH. Efficacy and Safety of Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors for the Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular, Renal Events, and Safety Outcomes in Patients With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Comorbid Type 2 Diabetes: A Population-Based Target Trial Emulation. Arthritis & rheumatology (Hoboken, N.J.) 2025. link 93 Luppino-Assad AP, Alves Junior JL, Figueiredo Neves Yuki E, Seguro LPC, Pasoto SG, Fernandes CJCDS et al.. Reversibility of pulmonary hypertension in systemic lupus erythematosus after induction immunosuppressive therapy: An inflammatory manifestation?. Lupus 2025. link 94 Liu Y, Carmona-Rivera C, Seto NL, Oliveira CB, Patino-Martinez E, Baumer Y et al.. Role of STING Deficiency in Amelioration of Mouse Models of Lupus and Atherosclerosis. Arthritis & rheumatology (Hoboken, N.J.) 2025. link 95 Liao Q, Zhong Y, Cheng Y, Li X. Clinical characteristics and risk factors of cardiovascular disease in systemic lupus erythematosus patients. Heart and vessels 2025. link 96 Wang H, Tang R, Pan Q, Yin Q, Feng J, Deng L. Mitochondria dysfunction: A trigger for cardiovascular diseases in systemic lupus erythematosus. International immunopharmacology 2025. link 97 Zhang CX, Yin L, Mao YY, Zhou ZY, Zhou W. Microscopic polyangiitis in pediatric systemic lupus erythematosus: a unique presentation of pulmonary-renal syndrome and case report of an overlap syndrome. CEN case reports 2025. link 98 Liang S, Maitiyaer M, Tan Q, Chen L, Chen X, Li Z et al.. Exploring Immune-Mediated Brain Function Abnormalities in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Neuroimaging Evidence of the Impact of Anti-Ribosomal P Protein Antibodies. Academic radiology 2025. link 99 Li Z, Zhu S, Tang W, Zhang H, Le W, Luo S et al.. Clinical features and two-year outcomes in systemic lupus erythematosus patients with heart failure and reduced, mid-range and preserved ejection fractions. Lupus 2025. link 100 Ajeganova S. Acute coronary syndromes in young lupus patients, shifting the view on the old problem. Clinical and experimental rheumatology 2025. link

Original source

[1]
EULAR recommendations for the management of systemic lupus erythematosus with kidney involvement: 2025 update. — Fanouriakis A, Kostopoulou M, Anders HJ, Andersen J, Aringer M, Beresford MW et al. Annals of the rheumatic diseases (2026)
[2]
The Taiwan College of Rheumatology Consensus for the Management of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. — Huang WN, Chen MH, Hsieh SC, Lu LY, Wu YJ, Tsai CY et al. International journal of rheumatic diseases (2026)
[3]
Machine learning-based identification of factors associated with spontaneous abortion in patients with Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE): Insights from the Egyptian College of Rheumatology (ECR)-SLE cohort. — Hammam N, Ismail WN, El-Gazzar II, Khalil NM, Mohamed EF, Noshy N et al. Lupus (2026)
[4]
Validation of the 2019 EULAR/ACR classification criteria and clinical characteristics of childhood-onset Japanese patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. — Irabu H, Ohara A, Nakamura A, Narazaki H, Hayashi Y, Yamasaki Y et al. Modern rheumatology (2026)
[5]
Delays in Lupus Diagnosis and Treatment in the Southern Cone: A Qualitative Study of Patient and Rheumatologist Perspectives. — Quintana R, Camacho C, Brigante A, Nieto R, Isnardi C, Juarez V et al. Journal of clinical rheumatology : practical reports on rheumatic & musculoskeletal diseases (2026)
[6]
Unmet Needs in the Care of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Insights and Recommendations From Patients and Rheumatologists in Latin America. — Manrique de Lara A, Peláez Ballestas IDP, Mendoza-Pinto C, Ugarte-Gil M, Muñoz-Louis R, Díaz-Cuiza PE et al. Journal of clinical rheumatology : practical reports on rheumatic & musculoskeletal diseases (2026)
[7]
Conditions identified by common comprehensive geriatric assessment measures and subsequent acute care among adults with SLE. — Plantinga LC, Fitzpatrick J, Dunlop-Thomas CM, Hoge C, Lim SS, Yazdany J et al. Lupus science & medicine (2026)
[8]
Vaccine-associated lupus and related organ involvements: A pharmacovigilance analysis of VAERS database 1990-2025. — Xie R, Cheong LY, Zhang D, Wu KCH, Chan SCW, Au I et al. Seminars in arthritis and rheumatism (2026)
[9]
Real-world safety profile of anifrolumab: An observational disproportionality analysis of the FAERS database. — Zhou Q, He X Medicine (2026)
[10]
Beyond systemic lupus erythematosus: a systematic review on the use of belimumab in other connective tissue diseases and vasculitides. — Santoro F, Orlandi M, Cassone G, Malandra MG, Vacchi C, Secchi O et al. Clinical rheumatology (2026)
[11]
First case of — Hao W, Zhai S, Zhu Q, Zhou X, Shen T, He W et al. Frontiers in immunology (2026)
[12]
Rationale for investigating the use of anifrolumab in neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus: a combined narrative and case-based systematic literature review. — Chessa E, Congiu F, Rizzo G, Pireddu MP, Ragusa E, Floris A et al. Frontiers in immunology (2026)
[13]
Belimumab-induced remission in refractory lupus mesenteric vasculitis: a case report with 49-month follow-up. — Gao WJ, Zang QF, Xu Y, Zang YS Frontiers in immunology (2026)
[14]
A multidimensional analysis of neuropsychiatric lupus: clinical, biological and imaging insights from systematic evidence. — Matmat K, Jamann H, Maazouzi A, Bigaut K, Maitre M, De Seze J et al. Frontiers in immunology (2026)
[15]
Assessment of subclinical cardiovascular risk in systemic lupus erythematosus utilizing carotid ultrasound and clinical evaluation. — Mendonça JA, de Oliveira A, Lima Santos L, Vieira D, Barbosa Carbinatto R, Victor Martinez J Lupus (2026)
[16]
Clinical characteristics, associated factors, and outcomes of posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: a case-control study. — Cheng L, Jin Y, Zong H, Qian L Clinical rheumatology (2026)
[17]
25-Hydroxyvitamin D levels are associated with mortality and cardiovascular events in systemic lupus erythematosus. — Assawasaksakul T, Fava A, Goldman D, Magder LS, Petri M Annals of the rheumatic diseases (2026)
[18]
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