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Dermatology44 papers

Empty nose syndrome

Last edited: 4/15/2026

Overview

Empty nose syndrome (ENS) is a condition characterized by paradoxical nasal obstruction and perceived nasal emptiness following surgical overresection of nasal structures, leading to symptoms such as dryness, crusting, and difficulty breathing 1.

Diagnosis

  • Symptoms include persistent nasal dryness, crusting, and a sensation of nasal emptiness 1.
  • Diagnosis often relies on clinical history and exclusion of other causes of nasal obstruction 1.
  • No specific diagnostic tests are universally recommended; imaging and endoscopy may help rule out other pathologies 1.
  • Management

  • Conservative management includes humidification, saline irrigation, and topical lubricants 1.
  • Surgical interventions may involve revision surgery to restore nasal architecture and improve airflow 1.
  • No specific drug classes or doses are highlighted in the provided abstracts 1.
  • Special Populations

  • No specific management guidelines for pregnancy, pediatrics, elderly, or comorbidities are provided in the given abstracts 1.
  • Key Recommendations

  • Evaluate patients with symptoms suggestive of ENS through thorough clinical assessment and exclusion of other nasal pathologies (Evidence: Expert opinion 1).
  • Implement conservative measures such as humidification and saline irrigation as initial treatment strategies (Evidence: Expert opinion 1).
  • Consider surgical revision for patients with persistent symptoms unresponsive to conservative management (Evidence: Expert opinion 1).
  • References

    1 Clair B, Goyal P. What does Medicare pay rhinologists? An analysis of Medicare payment data. International forum of allergy & rhinology 2015. link 2 Ozkuş I, Cek DI, Ozkuş K. The use of bifid nasolabial flaps in the reconstruction of the nose and columella. Annals of plastic surgery 1992. link 3 Kotler R. The midline forehead flap for resurfacing the nose. The Journal of dermatologic surgery and oncology 1981. link

    Original source

    1. [1]
      What does Medicare pay rhinologists? An analysis of Medicare payment data.Clair B, Goyal P International forum of allergy & rhinology (2015)
    2. [2]
      The use of bifid nasolabial flaps in the reconstruction of the nose and columella.Ozkuş I, Cek DI, Ozkuş K Annals of plastic surgery (1992)
    3. [3]
      The midline forehead flap for resurfacing the nose.Kotler R The Journal of dermatologic surgery and oncology (1981)

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