Overview
An anomaly of divergence refers to deficits in processing prediction errors, which are discrepancies between expected and actual outcomes 1. This is crucial for adaptive decision-making under uncertainty 1.Diagnosis
Abnormal prediction error processing has been observed in schizophrenia and depression 1.
Studies investigating prediction error processing in these conditions have utilized meta-analyses 1.
Positive prediction error t-maps tend to show striatal activity in both schizophrenia and depression 1.
Negative prediction error t-maps reveal distinct patterns: right superior and inferior frontal lobes in schizophrenia, and medial prefrontal cortex and bilateral insula in depression 1.
Concordant posterior cingulate activity is observed in both patient groups, being more prominent in depression and absent in healthy controls 1.Management
Findings suggest a possible role for dopamine-rich areas in encoding prediction errors in depression and schizophrenia 1. (No specific management strategies are detailed in the provided abstracts.)Key Recommendations
Prediction error processing deficits are present in schizophrenia and depression, with distinct neural correlates 1. (Evidence: Moderate)
Striatal activity is associated with positive prediction errors in both schizophrenia and depression 1. (Evidence: Moderate)
Negative prediction errors are associated with differential frontal and insular activity in schizophrenia and depression, respectively 1. (Evidence: Moderate)References
1 Yaple ZA, Tolomeo S, Yu R. Abnormal prediction error processing in schizophrenia and depression. Human brain mapping 2021. link