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Cardiology3317 papers

Congenital septal defect of heart

Last edited: 4/23/2026

Overview

Congenital septal defects of the heart involve abnormal openings in the atrial or ventricular septum, leading to shunting of blood between chambers and potentially causing hemodynamic disturbances and symptoms depending on the defect's severity.

Diagnosis

Prenatal Ultrasound: Essential for early detection, particularly for identifying associated anomalies like abnormal pulmonary artery branches 1 5.

Echocardiography: Primary imaging modality for definitive diagnosis, assessing anatomy, hemodynamics, and guiding management 1 5 24.

Cardiac MRI/CT: Provides detailed anatomical information, especially useful for complex defects and surgical planning 55.

Electrocardiogram (ECG): Useful for detecting arrhythmias and assessing electrical conduction abnormalities 3 7.

Management

Surgical Repair: Primary treatment for significant defects, including closure of septal defects and associated anomalies 4 13 29.

Transcatheter Interventions: Emerging as alternatives for less invasive repair, such as pulmonary valve replacement 26 31.

Medical Management: Includes management of symptoms and complications like arrhythmias with antiarrhythmic drugs (e.g., amiodarone for arrhythmias) 7.

Postoperative Care: Focus on monitoring for complications like heart failure, arrhythmias, and neurodevelopmental outcomes 10 27.

Special Populations

Pregnancy: Prenatal diagnosis crucial; ultrasound techniques like SlowflowHD can aid in early detection of conotruncal anomalies 5.

Pediatrics: Early intervention improves outcomes; transcatheter techniques offer less invasive options for repair 26 31.

Comorbidities: Consider impact on surgical risk and postoperative recovery; multidisciplinary care essential 17 47.

Key Recommendations

Utilize prenatal echocardiography for early detection of congenital septal defects, especially when associated with abnormal pulmonary artery branches 1 5 (Evidence: Moderate).

Perform definitive echocardiography postnatally to guide surgical or transcatheter intervention 1 24 (Evidence: Strong).

Consider transcatheter interventions for less invasive repair options in appropriate cases, particularly for pulmonary valve replacement 26 31 (Evidence: Moderate).

Monitor neurodevelopmental outcomes closely in pediatric patients post-repair to address potential long-term effects 10 (Evidence: Moderate).

Evaluate maternal and environmental factors, such as paternal age and socioeconomic status, in assessing risk for congenital heart defects 17 48 (Evidence: Moderate).

References

Showing 100 most recent of 1971 indexed papers.

1 Yang L, Yang Z, Zhou X, Liu F, Chen L, Zhou L et al.. Prenatal Diagnosis of Fetal Heart Malformation With Abnormal Number of Pulmonary Artery Branches as the Initial Clue. Journal of ultrasound in medicine : official journal of the American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine 2026. link 2 Worrall S, Mital R, Strainic J. Prenatal diagnosis of absent right with persistent left superior vena cava: a case series. Pediatric cardiology 2026. link 3 Ghelani SJ, Thatte N, La Cava W, Triedman JK, Mayourian J. Artificial Intelligence-Enabled ECG to Detect Congenitally Corrected Transposition of the Great Arteries. Pediatric cardiology 2026. link 4 Porter EC, Lai YR, Stoppel WL, Perreault LR, Kaplan DL, Kudej RK et al.. Fetal Cardiac Extracellular Matrix Incorporated Into Silk Scaffolds Leads to Beneficial Cardiovascular Patch Remodeling in a Large Animal Model of RVOT Surgical Repair. Journal of biomedical materials research. Part B, Applied biomaterials 2026. link 5 Fukuda H, Fukuda A, Mimura K, Endo M, Pooh RK, Kodama M. First-Trimester Detection of Conotruncal Anomalies Using Transabdominal SlowflowHD: A Case Series and Proof-of-Concept Study. Journal of ultrasound in medicine : official journal of the American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine 2026. link 6 Chen Y, Anzai IA, Kalfa DM, Vedula V. A Patient-Specific Computational Model for Neonates and Infants with Borderline Left Ventricles. Annals of biomedical engineering 2026. link 7 Soszyn N, Yuen G, Franco SR, von Alvensleben JC, Morgan GJ, Zablah JE. Valve Frame Geometry and Arrhythmia Risk Following Self-Expanding Transcatheter Pulmonary Valve Replacement. Pediatric cardiology 2026. link 8 Razavi ZS, Afkhami H. Advancing Congenital Heart Defect Treatments: Synergistic Approaches with Stem Cells and Functional Scaffolds. Stem cell reviews and reports 2026. link 9 Rossell JA, Gil GP, Prada F, Zuccarino F, Fernandez-Cisneros A, Romero P et al.. Single Persistent Left Superior Vena Cava Draining Into the Left Atrium Causing Neonatal Cyanosis: A Case Report. Advances in neonatal care : official journal of the National Association of Neonatal Nurses 2026. link 10 Hansen S, Vedel C, Steensberg J, Greisen G, Rode L, Ekelund CK et al.. Neurodevelopmental outcomes in preschool children with congenital heart defects: A case-control study using Ages & Stages Questionnaire. PloS one 2026. link 11 Volpi J, Zhao X, Owen N, Evans T, Holder-Espinasse M, Lahiri N et al.. Non-isolated tetralogy of fallot (TOF+): exome sequencing efficacy and phenotypic expansions. European journal of human genetics : EJHG 2026. link 12 Sivakumar K, Sagar P, Thejaswi P, Pavithran S. Iatrogenic Post-Surgical Cyanosis Due to Vena Caval Redirection to the Left Atrium and Its Transcatheter Management. Pediatric cardiology 2026. link 13 Resende M, Madeira M, Silva C, Marques M, Abecasis M. Unmasking an Anomalous Vein: Surgical Repair of Left Upper Pulmonary Vein Drainage into the Innominate Vein. Portuguese journal of cardiac thoracic and vascular surgery 2026. link 14 Qu Y, Yang S, Wu Y, Wang Q. Case series and literature review on functional pulmonary atresia in neonates functional PA in neonates: case & review. The journal of maternal-fetal & neonatal medicine : the official journal of the European Association of Perinatal Medicine, the Federation of Asia and Oceania Perinatal Societies, the International Society of Perinatal Obstetricians 2026. link 15 Haddad RN, Rouau Q, Albenque G, Cohen S, Radojevic J, Valdeolmillos E et al.. Early Outcomes of Self-Expandable Versus Balloon-Expandable Valves for Managing Dysfunctional Right Ventricular Outflow Tracts. Circulation. Cardiovascular interventions 2026. link 16 Wu YH, Lu YS, Tuan SH, Liu YC, Huang IC, Wang YC et al.. Exercise Capacity and Pulmonary Function in Pediatric Patients With Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Connection Post-Surgical Repair: A Retrospective Analysis. The Kaohsiung journal of medical sciences 2026. link 17 Sang J, Ebong IA, Appiah D. Advanced paternal age at birth and risk of cyanotic congenital heart defects in the United States. Maturitas 2026. link 18 Abdulrahman OA, Babgi MF, Alrefai JT, Alfahmi AH, Oraif SH, Bakhsh N et al.. Unrepaired Truncus Arteriosus Type 1 With Eisenmenger Syndrome and Recurrent Embolic Strokes: An Adult Case Report. The American journal of case reports 2026. link 19 Moss SE, Ailes EC, Downing KF, Fundora MP, Bolin EH, Carmichael SL et al.. Timing of Critical Congenital Heart Defect Detection: A Multisite Population-Based Study. The Journal of pediatrics 2026. link 20 Van Neck R, Lu X, Pan T, Du I, Wisse LJ, DeRuiter MC et al.. Haploinsufficiency of Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase Mitigates Beneficial Effects of Maternal Exercise on Fetal Heart Development During Pregestational Diabetes. Journal of the American Heart Association 2026. link 21 Suchodolski A, Królikowska M, Kowal A, Głowacki J, Szulik M. Anomalous left coronary artery from the pulmonary artery in adults: a systematic review of clinical presentation, diagnosis, and outcomes. The international journal of cardiovascular imaging 2026. link 22 Wang Y, Luo S, Guo N. Congenital Right Atrial Aneurysm Associated With Tricuspid Valve Dysplasia. The American journal of cardiology 2026. link 23 Yilong W, Yi Chuan T, Jiahui Charmaine C, Sadasivan I, Masakazu N. Isolated left pulmonary artery of ductal origin: Reconstruction using pedicled main pulmonary artery flap. Asian cardiovascular & thoracic annals 2026. link 24 O'Meara D, Michelfelder EC, Jergel A, Ro SS. The Clinical Significance of Non-Ebsteinoid Fetal Tricuspid Valve Regurgitation. Journal of the American Society of Echocardiography : official publication of the American Society of Echocardiography 2026. link 25 Kathiriya IS, Dominguez MH, Rao KS, Muncie-Vasic JM, Devine WP, Hu KM et al.. A disrupted compartment boundary underlies abnormal cardiac patterning and congenital heart defects. Nature cardiovascular research 2026. link 26 Chen RHS, Un TKC, Yu CKM, Chiu AC, Chow PC, Lun KS et al.. Transcatheter Pulmonary Valve Replacement With a Novel Valve: Medium-Term Results From a Single Center Study. Catheterization and cardiovascular interventions : official journal of the Society for Cardiac Angiography & Interventions 2026. link 27 Flores S, Loomba RS, Mastropietro CW, Cheung E, Amula V, Radman MR et al.. Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation in Children with Pulmonary Atresia and Intact Ventricular Septum: Mortality and Associated Outcomes. Pediatric cardiology 2026. link 28 Crea D, Padalino M, Bortolotti U, Stellin G. Tricuspid Valve Repair in Pediatric Patients Using Artificial Neochordae: Systematic Review of Current Evidence. World journal for pediatric & congenital heart surgery 2026. link 29 Thejaswi P, Sivakumar K, Qureshi F, Sagar P, Pavithran S, Agarwal R. Transcatheter Versus Surgical Correction of Superior Sinus Venosus Defects: Comparison of the Outcomes and Late Complications. Pediatric cardiology 2026. link 30 Kondova I, Langelaar M, Roest AAW, Heidt PJ. Sudden Death of a 17-Month-Old Chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes) due to a Congenital Undiagnosed Ventricular Septal Defect. Journal of medical primatology 2026. link 31 Rashed R, Jones MI, Prachasilchai P, Yong SSF, Promphan W, Rosenthal E et al.. VenusP-Valve: Outcomes Beyond 5 Years. Catheterization and cardiovascular interventions : official journal of the Society for Cardiac Angiography & Interventions 2026. link 32 Li Z, Guo Z, Li Q, Tong F, Bai S. Outcomes of surgical repair of congenital vascular rings in children. Journal of cardiothoracic surgery 2026. link 33 Kardos M. NASCI case of the month: "The absence of the left atrial appendage in newborn with Shone syndrome". The international journal of cardiovascular imaging 2026. link 34 Breithaupt JJ, Fraser C, Leahy R, Mejak B, Burkett D, Albertz M et al.. Surgical Management of a Patient With Non-Fallot-Type Absent Pulmonary Valve Syndrome. World journal for pediatric & congenital heart surgery 2025. link 35 Tannoury TE, Bulbul ZR, Salameh RM, Jassar YM, Zareef R, Bitar FF. Double-outlet Right Atrium with Double-orifice Tricuspid Valve: Report of a Rare Case and Review of the Literature. Pediatric cardiology 2025. link 36 Molina-Giraldo S, Galindez-Guerrero CC, Estupiñan-Rincon W, Sterling-Castaño D, Acuña-Osorio EM, Salazar G et al.. Fetal Diagnosis of a Ductus Arteriosus Aneurysm: A Case Report. Journal of clinical ultrasound : JCU 2025. link 37 Mortezaeian H, Tabib A, Pouraliakbar H, Banazade Dardashty A. Case presentation: successful occlusion of congenital left ventricle to coronary sinus fistula. Cardiology in the young 2025. link 38 Khalil A, Stone D, Dysart J, Taqatqa A. Bicuspid Aortic Valve Function and Aortopathy on Presentation and Progression in Children: Does Sex Difference Have Any Implications?. Pediatric cardiology 2025. link 39 Blixenkrone-Møller E, Dannesbo S, Dehn AM, Pihl CA, Sillesen AS, Vøgg ROB et al.. Interatrial Communications: Prevalence and Subtypes in 12,385 Newborns-a Copenhagen Baby Heart Study. Pediatric cardiology 2025. link 40 He C, Grau-Roma L, Schmid R, Häfliger IM, Meylan M, Drögemüller C et al.. Identification of a de novo missense variant in the BRI3BP gene in a Holstein calf with congenital cardiac malformation and carpus valgus. Animal genetics 2025. link 41 Govindarajan V, Wanna C, Johnson NP, Kolanjiyil AV, Kim H, Kitkungvan D et al.. Unraveling aortic hemodynamics using fluid structure interaction: biomechanical insights into bicuspid aortic valve dynamics with multiple aortic lesions. Biomechanics and modeling in mechanobiology 2025. link 42 Xu W, Wei Y, Gao X, Yang X, Wang L, Gao W et al.. The incidence and risk factors of fetuses with mirror-image dextrocardia with solitus inversus. Cardiology in the young 2025. link 43 Garand M, Huang SSY, Dineen B, Glass IA, Eghtesady P. Differential Regulation of Immune-Related Genes in the Developing Heart. Pediatric cardiology 2025. link 44 Nakamura Y, Trimble EJ, House AKV, Burkhart HM. Analysis and Visualization of Inter-/Intra-surgeon Variability Using Surgical Simulation for Partial Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Connection Repair. Pediatric cardiology 2025. link 45 Zhu L, Li C, Gong X, Xu Z, Zhang H. Nebulized Budesonide Prevents Airway Inflammation in Children with High Total IgE Levels After Open Heart Surgery with Cardiopulmonary Bypass: A Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial. Pediatric cardiology 2025. link 46 Barnet IR, Schulz NE, Ghelani SJ, Hoganson DM, Feins EN, Hammer PE et al.. Wide variation in shape of hypoplastic left ventricles undergoing recruitment and biventricular repair: A statistical shape modeling study. Journal of cardiovascular magnetic resonance : official journal of the Society for Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance 2025. link 47 Besley B, Davies SJ, Donnelly J. Effects of hospital treatment for congenital heart defects on mother-infant bonding, maternal stress, and parenting. Journal of pediatric nursing 2025. link 48 Hall KC, Robinson JC, Karimi M, Sung JH. Effect of Maternal Race, Residential Rurality, and Social Vulnerability on Critical Congenital Heart Defect Risk. Pediatric cardiology 2025. link 49 Marcum A, Ray Chaudhuri N, Gendi S. Brachiocephalic Vein Duplication: Case Report of a Double Left Brachiocephalic Vein in an Infant. Pediatric cardiology 2025. link 50 Woo JL, Gandhi R, Laternser C, Iyengar T, Yee LM, Grobman WA et al.. Second-Trimester Ultrasound Receipt Mediates the Relationship Between Public Insurance and Prenatal Diagnosis of a Congenital Heart Defect. Prenatal diagnosis 2025. link 51 Mortezaeian H, Taheri M, Taheri M, Anafje M. Successful transcatheter occlusion of an aortopulmonary window using a PFM coil in a pediatric patient: a case report and literature review. Journal of cardiothoracic surgery 2025. link 52 Watanabe D, Hasebe Y, Yagasaki H, Nakato D, Yamada M, Suzuki H et al.. Brain calcification in congenital heart defects and ectodermal dysplasia (CHDED). European journal of medical genetics 2025. link 53 Chiperi LE, Hagau AC, Tecar C, Hutanu A, Muntean I. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor as a promising neuromarker which could predict psychomotor developmental impairment in children with unrepaired congenital heart defects. International journal of developmental neuroscience : the official journal of the International Society for Developmental Neuroscience 2025. link 54 Callahan CP, Argo MB, McCrindle BW, Barron DJ, Jegatheeswaran A, Honjo O et al.. Early Outcomes for Management of Atrioventricular Septal Defect-Tetralogy of Fallot in the Last Decade: A Congenital Heart Surgeons' Society Study. World journal for pediatric & congenital heart surgery 2025. link 55 Tahara A, Motoyama S, Malik S, Tahara N, Imaizumi T, Saremi F et al.. Formation of the interatrial septum: Insights obtained from cardiac computed tomographic angiography. Clinical anatomy (New York, N.Y.) 2025. link 56 Schumacher K, Marin-Cuartas M, Meier S, Aydin MI, Borger MA, Dähnert I et al.. Long-Term Results Following Combined Repair of Atrioventricular Septal Defect with Tetralogy of Fallot. Pediatric cardiology 2025. link 57 Şerifoğlu Ş, Atik Ugan S, Onan İS, Guzeltas A. A rare coronary artery anomaly: abnormal single coronary artery from pulmonary artery. Cardiology in the young 2025. link 58 Hawaka H, Toyoshima K, Saito T, Shimokaze T, Tsuno K, Ikegawa T et al.. Effects of Phosphodiesterase-3 Inhibitor in the Management of Left Heart Failure in Extremely Low-Birth-Weight Infants with Simple Aortic Coarctation. The Tohoku journal of experimental medicine 2025. link 59 Rodrigo T, Hilton C, Derrick G. The unconventional surgical management of an infant with rare Scimitar syndrome variant. Cardiology in the young 2025. link 60 Harada K, Akita C, Harada H, Kubota H, Sunden Y. Concurrent incomplete atrioventricular septal defect and supravalvular mitral stenosis causing heart failure in a 13-year-old cat: a case report. The Journal of veterinary medical science 2025. link 61 Pang C, Wang Y, Shen J, Yang L, Li Y, Pan W. Echocardiographic characteristics and clinical outcomes in fetuses with pulmonary stenosis or pulmonary atresia with intact ventricular septum. Pediatrics and neonatology 2024. link 62 Aliaga F, Alegría J, Díaz JC. "NASCI case of the month: left ventricular apical hypoplasia". The international journal of cardiovascular imaging 2024. link 63 Jin Q, Long Y, Zhang G, Pan X, Chen M, Feng Y et al.. Five-year follow-up after percutaneous pulmonary valve implantation using the Venus P-valve system for patients with pulmonary regurgitation and an enlarged native right ventricular outflow tract. Catheterization and cardiovascular interventions : official journal of the Society for Cardiac Angiography & Interventions 2024. link 64 Mondal S, Raja DP, Gopalakrishnan A. All that flows across the ventricular septum are not ventricular septal defects. Cardiology in the young 2024. link 65 Hong HJ, Kwon HW, Kwak JG, Lee SY, Lee YS. An extreme case of cor triatriatum mimicking hypoplastic left heart syndrome and combined pulmonary vein stenosis. Cardiology in the young 2024. link 66 Schwartzman KH, Mascio CE, Chauhan D, Udassi J, Kohli U. Intra-Hisian Wenckebach after surgical closure of conoventricular ventricular septal defect. Pacing and clinical electrophysiology : PACE 2024. link 67 Prabhu S, Ramachandra P, Maiya S, Shanmugasundaram B, Karl TR. Iatrogenic Anomalous Origin of the Right Pulmonary Artery From the Aorta: A Rare Complication of Ligation of Aortopulmonary Window. World journal for pediatric & congenital heart surgery 2024. link 68 Jin JB, Robinson JD, Camarda JA, Satzer MB, Carr MR, Monge M et al.. Tricuspid Atresia with Absent Pulmonary Valve with Nearly Discontinuous Branch Pulmonary Arteries. Pediatric cardiology 2024. link 69 Elbistanli C, Yozgat Y, Dogan MS, Yozgat CY, Kütük MS. Prenatal Detection and Postnatal Outcome of Persistent Left Superior Vena Cava and Agenesis of Ductus Venosus Associated with Postnatal Bovine Aortic Arch. Zeitschrift fur Geburtshilfe und Neonatologie 2024. link 70 Yamoto K, Kato F, Yamoto M, Fukumoto K, Shimizu K, Saitsu H et al.. TBX5 pathogenic variant in a patient with congenital heart defect and tracheal stenosis. Congenital anomalies 2024. link 71 Li TG, Zheng J, Ma B. Confusion from prenatal diagnosis: Type C persistent fifth aortic arch or right-side ductus arteriosus. Echocardiography (Mount Kisco, N.Y.) 2024. link 72 Medellin S, Burbano-Vera N, Alfirevic A. Obstructed Supramitral Inflow: Cor Triatriatum Sinister Presentation in Adulthood. Journal of cardiothoracic and vascular anesthesia 2024. link 73 Qureshi F, Sivakumar K, Sagar P. Endoleak in covered CP stent causes procedural failure during transcatheter closure of sinus venosus defects. Catheterization and cardiovascular interventions : official journal of the Society for Cardiac Angiography & Interventions 2024. link 74 Sepulveda S, Rosental C, Choe HJ, Cornelis J, Salgado G. Congenital giant right atrial aneurysm. The international journal of cardiovascular imaging 2024. link 75 Oztunc F, Murt NU, Dedeoglu R, Coskun YI, Madazli R. Prenatal Diagnosis of Ductus Arteriosus Anomalies: A Single-Center Study. Pediatric cardiology 2024. link 76 Bisbee CR, Sherard C, Rajab TK. Left Superior Vena Cava Draining to Left Atrium: A Case Report, Review of the Literature, and Classification. Pediatric cardiology 2024. link 77 Muroke V, Jalanko M, Haukka J, Anttila V, Pätilä T, Sinisalo J. Long-term outcome after surgical correction of sinus venosus defect in a nationwide register-based cohort study. International journal of cardiology 2024. link 78 Kahramanoglu O, Demirci O, Uygur L, Erol N, Schiattarella A, Rapisarda AMC. Persistant Left Superior Vena Cava with and Without Right Superior Vena Cava: Significance of Prenatal Diagnosis. Pediatric cardiology 2024. link 79 Vasquez Choy AL, Zonana Amkie R, Adebo DA. Role of Cardiac CTA to Evaluate Branch Pulmonary Artery Stenosis and Ductal Insertion Pattern in Right-Sided Congenital Heart Defects. Pediatric cardiology 2024. link 80 So IC. Decisional conflict in parents of children with congenital heart defect: Towards development of a model. International journal of nursing practice 2024. link 81 Kucirka LM, Desai S, LeVarge B, Conklin JL, Leong ME, Quist-Nelson J. Unilateral Absent Pulmonary Artery in Pregnancy: A Case Report and Systematic Literature Review. American journal of perinatology 2024. link 82 Roy P, Sah V, Deb N, Jaiswal V. Navigating the path of TOF- A Literature review unveiling maternal-fetal dynamics, treatment strategies and psychological dimensions. Disease-a-month : DM 2024. link 83 Sasikumar N, Alawani S, Sudhakar A, Kumar RK. Simultaneous Double Balloon Dilatation for Supravalvar Pulmonary Obstruction After Arterial Switch Operation. Pediatric cardiology 2024. link 84 Navalón I, Coromoto Verdugo B, Tursi M. Tricuspid atresia with atrial and ventricular septal defects in a kitten. Journal of veterinary cardiology : the official journal of the European Society of Veterinary Cardiology 2024. link 85 Trisauvapak T, Bongkotwilawan N, Ekawaravong S. Challenges of managing anomalous mitral arcade with severe mitral regurgitation and hydrops fetalis in infants. BMJ case reports 2024. link 86 Blackmer K, Shillingford M, Ferns S. Aorta to left ventricle tunnel presenting with cardiac failure in a neonate. BMJ case reports 2024. link 87 Linnane N, Alshahrani D, Kenny DP, Walsh KP, McMahon CJ. Evolution in the management of aorta to left ventricular tunnel in a national congenital cardiology centre. Cardiology in the young 2023. link 88 Peacock G, Kothari D, D'Orsogna L, Dickinson JE, Andrews D, Yim D. The Impact of Prenatal Diagnosis on Clinical Outcomes of Isolated Vascular Rings From a Statewide Paediatric Cardiology Tertiary Service. Heart, lung & circulation 2023. link 89 Weldetsadik AY, Kebede A, Godu BG, Gama M. Unilateral pulmonary vein atresia presenting with recurrent hemoptysis and bronchial varices in an Ethiopian adolescent: a case report. Journal of medical case reports 2023. link 90 Alghaith FA, Arts HH, Plourde FJ, Boswall A, Gulati P, McNeely PD et al.. Increased intracranial pressure in a patient with Congenital Heart Defect and Ectodermal Dysplasia (CHDED): Extension of phenotype and review of literature. American journal of medical genetics. Part A 2023. link 91 Wang Y, Dai X, Liu H, Peng J, Chen J. A novel ZIC3 mutation in a Chinese family with heterotaxy and multiple types of congenital heart defect. Prenatal diagnosis 2023. link 92 Yamashita N, Harada M, Moritake H. Left atrial appendage aneurysm enlarged in the neonatal period. Cardiology in the young 2023. link 93 Jin C, Lin N, Yang S, Yan C, Li S, Wu X et al.. Postoperative nursing care of a child with pulmonary artery displacement combined with slide tracheobronchial plasty. Nursing in critical care 2023. link 94 Kizilski SB, Zhang X, Kneier NE, Chaillo Lizarraga MD, Schulz NE, Hammer PE et al.. An In Vitro Circulatory Loop Model of the Pediatric Right Ventricular Outflow Tract as a Platform for Valve Evaluation. Cardiovascular engineering and technology 2023. link 95 Antelo M, Freire D, Dendi A, Parma G, Fernandez N, Picarelli D. Anomalous Origin of the Left Coronary Artery from the Pulmonary Artery Associated with Right Coronary Giant Aneurysm. World journal for pediatric & congenital heart surgery 2023. link 96 Suzuki K, Sasaki T, Ohta K, Aoyama J, Sakamoto SI, Watanabe Y et al.. Surgical Treatment of a Defect Recurring 22 Years after Closure of an Inferior Sinus Venosus Defect: A Case Report. Journal of Nippon Medical School = Nippon Ika Daigaku zasshi 2023. link 97 Yaginuma Y, Matsuura K, Yamada S, Yoshida T, Hasegawa M. Left ventricular outflow tract obstruction caused by a congenital accessory mitral valve leaflet and treated by open-heart surgery in a young dog. The Journal of small animal practice 2023. link 98 Graham G, Dearani JA, Mathew J, Miranda WR, King KS, Schaff HV et al.. Partial Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Connection With Intact Atrial Septum: Early and Midterm Outcomes. The Annals of thoracic surgery 2023. link 99 Seymour E, Mallory G, Morales-Demori R. Surgical and Cardiac Catheterization Outcomes of Scimitar Syndrome Patients: A Three Decade Single-Center Experience. Pediatric cardiology 2023. link 100 Brunet-Garcia L, Zuccarino F, Moscoso Garrido BA, Carretero Bellon JM. Interrupted Aortic Arch Associated With Aortopulmonary Window: The Role of Multidetector Computed Tomography Angiography. World journal for pediatric & congenital heart surgery 2023. link

Original source

[1]
Prenatal Diagnosis of Fetal Heart Malformation With Abnormal Number of Pulmonary Artery Branches as the Initial Clue. — Yang L, Yang Z, Zhou X, Liu F, Chen L, Zhou L et al. Journal of ultrasound in medicine : official journal of the American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine (2026)
[2]
Prenatal diagnosis of absent right with persistent left superior vena cava: a case series. — Worrall S, Mital R, Strainic J Pediatric cardiology (2026)
[3]
Artificial Intelligence-Enabled ECG to Detect Congenitally Corrected Transposition of the Great Arteries. — Ghelani SJ, Thatte N, La Cava W, Triedman JK, Mayourian J Pediatric cardiology (2026)
[4]
Fetal Cardiac Extracellular Matrix Incorporated Into Silk Scaffolds Leads to Beneficial Cardiovascular Patch Remodeling in a Large Animal Model of RVOT Surgical Repair. — Porter EC, Lai YR, Stoppel WL, Perreault LR, Kaplan DL, Kudej RK et al. Journal of biomedical materials research. Part B, Applied biomaterials (2026)
[5]
First-Trimester Detection of Conotruncal Anomalies Using Transabdominal SlowflowHD: A Case Series and Proof-of-Concept Study. — Fukuda H, Fukuda A, Mimura K, Endo M, Pooh RK, Kodama M Journal of ultrasound in medicine : official journal of the American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine (2026)
[6]
A Patient-Specific Computational Model for Neonates and Infants with Borderline Left Ventricles. — Chen Y, Anzai IA, Kalfa DM, Vedula V Annals of biomedical engineering (2026)
[7]
Valve Frame Geometry and Arrhythmia Risk Following Self-Expanding Transcatheter Pulmonary Valve Replacement. — Soszyn N, Yuen G, Franco SR, von Alvensleben JC, Morgan GJ, Zablah JE Pediatric cardiology (2026)
[8]
Advancing Congenital Heart Defect Treatments: Synergistic Approaches with Stem Cells and Functional Scaffolds. — Razavi ZS, Afkhami H Stem cell reviews and reports (2026)
[9]
Single Persistent Left Superior Vena Cava Draining Into the Left Atrium Causing Neonatal Cyanosis: A Case Report. — Rossell JA, Gil GP, Prada F, Zuccarino F, Fernandez-Cisneros A, Romero P et al. Advances in neonatal care : official journal of the National Association of Neonatal Nurses (2026)
[10]
Neurodevelopmental outcomes in preschool children with congenital heart defects: A case-control study using Ages & Stages Questionnaire. — Hansen S, Vedel C, Steensberg J, Greisen G, Rode L, Ekelund CK et al. PloS one (2026)
[11]
Non-isolated tetralogy of fallot (TOF+): exome sequencing efficacy and phenotypic expansions. — Volpi J, Zhao X, Owen N, Evans T, Holder-Espinasse M, Lahiri N et al. European journal of human genetics : EJHG (2026)
[12]
Iatrogenic Post-Surgical Cyanosis Due to Vena Caval Redirection to the Left Atrium and Its Transcatheter Management. — Sivakumar K, Sagar P, Thejaswi P, Pavithran S Pediatric cardiology (2026)
[13]
Unmasking an Anomalous Vein: Surgical Repair of Left Upper Pulmonary Vein Drainage into the Innominate Vein. — Resende M, Madeira M, Silva C, Marques M, Abecasis M Portuguese journal of cardiac thoracic and vascular surgery (2026)
[14]
Case series and literature review on functional pulmonary atresia in neonates functional PA in neonates: case & review. — Qu Y, Yang S, Wu Y, Wang Q The journal of maternal-fetal & neonatal medicine : the official journal of the European Association of Perinatal Medicine, the Federation of Asia and Oceania Perinatal Societies, the International Society of Perinatal Obstetricians (2026)
[15]
Early Outcomes of Self-Expandable Versus Balloon-Expandable Valves for Managing Dysfunctional Right Ventricular Outflow Tracts. — Haddad RN, Rouau Q, Albenque G, Cohen S, Radojevic J, Valdeolmillos E et al. Circulation. Cardiovascular interventions (2026)
[16]
Exercise Capacity and Pulmonary Function in Pediatric Patients With Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Connection Post-Surgical Repair: A Retrospective Analysis. — Wu YH, Lu YS, Tuan SH, Liu YC, Huang IC, Wang YC et al. The Kaohsiung journal of medical sciences (2026)
[17]
Advanced paternal age at birth and risk of cyanotic congenital heart defects in the United States. — Sang J, Ebong IA, Appiah D Maturitas (2026)
[18]
Unrepaired Truncus Arteriosus Type 1 With Eisenmenger Syndrome and Recurrent Embolic Strokes: An Adult Case Report. — Abdulrahman OA, Babgi MF, Alrefai JT, Alfahmi AH, Oraif SH, Bakhsh N et al. The American journal of case reports (2026)
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