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Cardiology1220 papers

Aortic valve regurgitation

Last edited: 4/23/2026

Overview

Aortic valve regurgitation (AR) is a valvular heart disease characterized by blood flow back into the left ventricle during diastole, leading to progressive left ventricular dysfunction and adverse clinical outcomes if untreated 1 7 11.

Diagnosis

Key Diagnostic Criteria: Left ventricular dilatation, diastolic dysfunction, and abnormal flow patterns 1 3 11.

Recommended Tests:

- Echocardiography: Essential for grading severity using Doppler parameters and flow convergence 3 13 24. - Cardiac MRI: Provides quantitative assessment of AR severity and left ventricular remodeling 6 15 22. - Four-Dimensional Flow CMR: Useful for detailed hemodynamic assessment 8.

Grading: Utilize Doppler echocardiography parameters such as effective regurgitant orifice area (EROA) and regurgitant volume 3 13.

Management

First-Line Treatments:

- Surgical Intervention: Valve repair or replacement, particularly in symptomatic patients or those with severe LV dysfunction 1 9 31. - Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement (TAVR): Increasingly used in high-risk surgical candidates with severe AR 2 4 12 14 20 26 35 55.

Adjunctive Treatments:

- Medical Management: Focus on managing comorbidities like hypertension and heart failure; specific drug classes not extensively detailed in abstracts 10 30. - Monitoring: Regular echocardiograms and cardiac MRI to assess progression and response to treatment 6 15 22.

Special Populations

Pediatrics: Aortic valve repair techniques like the Ozaki procedure are explored for congenital bicuspid valves 48.

Elderly: TAVR is increasingly favored over surgical options due to lower surgical risk profiles 12 26 35 55.

Comorbidities: Management in patients with LVAD requires careful consideration due to potential complications like AR development 28.

Key Recommendations

Early Surgical Intervention for Severe AR: Consider valve repair or replacement in symptomatic patients or those with severe left ventricular dysfunction to prevent adverse outcomes (Evidence: Strong 1 9 31).

TAVR as a Viable Option: For high-risk surgical candidates with severe AR, TAVR can be an effective alternative to surgical valve replacement (Evidence: Moderate 2 12 20 26).

Regular Monitoring with Echocardiography and CMR: Essential for assessing disease progression and response to treatment in chronic AR (Evidence: Moderate 6 15 22).

Consider Valve-Preserving Techniques: In appropriate candidates, aortic valve repair may offer better survival compared to replacement (Evidence: Moderate 31).

Evaluate Left Ventricular Remodeling: Use advanced imaging techniques like speckle-tracking echocardiography to monitor LV reverse remodeling post-intervention (Evidence: Moderate 58).

References

Showing 100 most recent of 473 indexed papers.

1 Lopez Santi P, Fortuni F, Bernard J, Sarrazyn C, Chua AP, Butcher SC et al.. Sex Differences in Left Ventricular Remodeling for Risk Stratification of Patients With Aortic Regurgitation. JAMA cardiology 2026. link 2 Zhang W, Chen X, Zhang L, Kong X, Zhang X, Li W et al.. Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement With Self-Expanding Valves in Severe Pure Native Aortic Regurgitation-Is It Still Anchored Stably in a Significantly Dilated Ascending Aorta Population?. Catheterization and cardiovascular interventions : official journal of the Society for Cardiac Angiography & Interventions 2026. link 3 Zeitoun J, Attar R, Malahfji M, Angulo C, Shah DJ, Zoghbi WA. Evaluation of aortic regurgitation severity using flow convergence from the parasternal window: comparison with cardiac magnetic resonance and traditional Doppler parameters. European heart journal. Cardiovascular Imaging 2026. link 4 Yu J, Zhu N, Zhu L, Pan X, Zhu Z. Transcatheter treatment of pure aortic regurgitation with the VitaFlow. Future cardiology 2026. link 5 Okita Y, Numata S, Suda H, Takanashi S, Hayashi T, Nakamura Y. Tricuspidization of the Bicuspid Aortic Valve With Aortic Regurgitation. The Annals of thoracic surgery 2026. link 6 Malahfji M, Shah D, Saeed M, Senapati A, Liu GT, Abdurrahman S et al.. Quantitative cardiac MRI assessment of aortic regurgitation and reverse remodeling after surgery: a multi-center study. The international journal of cardiovascular imaging 2026. link 7 Nienaber S, Curio J, Tarantini G, Wienemann H, Adam M. Aortic Regurgitation as the Next Frontier in the TAVR Space. The American journal of cardiology 2026. link 8 Liu F, Li R, Cao L, Guo S. Assessment of haemodynamics in patients with aortic regurgitation and tricuspid aortic valves using four-dimensional flow cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging. Clinical radiology 2026. link 9 Brega C, Sangiorgi D, Karalko M, Pettinari M, Chauvette V, de Hubsch AC et al.. Does Preoperative Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction Impact the Results After Aortic Root Surgery? Decision-Making Between Aortic Valve-Sparing Techniques and Bentall Operation. Heart, lung & circulation 2026. link 10 Huang Z, Chen X, Ren J, Wan L, Ma X, Dong J et al.. Quantifying myocardial function characteristic with myocardial work measurement in patients with different aortic regurgitation severity. Clinical physiology and functional imaging 2026. link 11 Pawar S, Allen C, Mori M, Markel J, Patel K, Thornton G et al.. Contemporary Diagnosis and Treatment of Aortic Regurgitation: A State-of-the-Art Review. Journal of the American College of Cardiology 2026. link 12 Gera P, Wasserstein DH, Frishman WH, Aronow WS. Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation for Aortic Regurgitation: A Comprehensive Review. Cardiology in review 2026. link 13 Wang TKM, Grimm RA, Popovic ZB, Rodriguez LL, Chan N, Turkmani M et al.. Optimization of echocardiographic quantification of aortic regurgitation against CMR: novel algorithm development and prospective validation. European heart journal. Cardiovascular Imaging 2026. link 14 Uchoa de Assis L, Mariani A, Kostea A, Nuis RJ, Daemen J, Van Mieghem NM. Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement for Aortic Regurgitation: A Case-Based Review. The American journal of cardiology 2026. link 15 Carrión-Sánchez I, Monteagudo-Ruiz JM, Ramos-Cano P, Martínez-Vives P, González-Gómez A, García-Martín A et al.. Prognostic significance of cardiovascular magnetic resonance advanced atrial parameters in chronic significant aortic regurgitation. International journal of cardiology 2026. link 16 Pugliesi GM, Farrugia SL, Michelena HI, Scott CG, Pislaru SV, Kane GC et al.. Novel Echocardiographic Staging Classification for Cardiac Damage in Chronic Aortic Regurgitation. Circulation. Cardiovascular imaging 2026. link 17 Moran L, Westaby J, Sheppard MN. Aortic regurgitation as a cause of sudden cardiac death with aortic and left ventricular remodelling - the role of the bicuspid valve. Cardiovascular pathology : the official journal of the Society for Cardiovascular Pathology 2026. link 18 Figliozzi S, Stankowski K, Di Maio S, Pateras K, Rojanathagoon T, Marchenko O et al.. Prognostic Value of Cardiovascular MRI in Asymptomatic Patients with Moderate-to-Severe Aortic Regurgitation: A Network Meta-Analysis. Radiology. Cardiothoracic imaging 2025. link 19 Deb B, Scott CG, Michelena HI, Pislaru SV, Nkomo VT, Kane GC et al.. Machine Learning Identifies Clinically Distinct Phenotypes in Patients With Aortic Regurgitation. Journal of the American Society of Echocardiography : official publication of the American Society of Echocardiography 2025. link 20 Samimi S, Hatab T, Kharsa C, Khan SU, Bou Chaaya RG, Qamar F et al.. Meta-Analysis of Dedicated vs Off-Label Transcatheter Devices for Native Aortic Regurgitation. JACC. Cardiovascular interventions 2025. link 21 Xiao B, Liu L, Guo Y, Liu J, Yang P, Xiao Y et al.. Mid-Term Outcomes of a Novel TAVR Device for Pure Aortic Regurgitation: A Prospective, Multicenter Trial. JACC. Cardiovascular interventions 2025. link 22 Truedsson F, Gao SA, Polte CL, Bech-Hanssen O, Johnsson ÅA, Lagerstrand KM. Phase contrast CMR in the descending aorta as a supportive reference for severe aortic regurgitation. Scientific reports 2025. link 23 Makkar RR, Thourani VH, Vahl TP, Yadav PK, McCabe JM, George I et al.. Transcatheter aortic valve implantation with the Trilogy valve for symptomatic native aortic regurgitation (ALIGN-AR): a pivotal, multicentre, single-arm, investigational device exemption study. Lancet (London, England) 2025. link02215-9) 24 Attar R, Malahfji M, Angulo C, Nguyen DT, Graviss EA, Shah DJ et al.. Echocardiographic Evaluation of Chronic Aortic Regurgitation: Comparison With Cardiac Magnetic Resonance and Implications for Guideline Recommendations. JACC. Cardiovascular imaging 2025. link 25 Anand V, Michelena HI, Scott CG, Lee AT, Rigolin VH, Pislaru SV et al.. Echocardiographic Markers of Early Left Ventricular Dysfunction in Asymptomatic Aortic Regurgitation: Is It Time to Change the Guidelines?. JACC. Cardiovascular imaging 2025. link 26 Poletti E, Amat-Santos I, Criscione E, Popolo Rubbio A, García-Gómez M, Orzalkiewicz M et al.. Performance of balloon-expandable transcatheter bioprostheses in inoperable patients with pure aortic regurgitation of a native valve: The BE-PANTHEON international project. Cardiovascular revascularization medicine : including molecular interventions 2025. link 27 Pasquini A, Pica A, Filice M, De Carli G, Burzotta F, Trani C et al.. Généreux staging classification in predicting left ventricular reverse remodeling after intervention for severe aortic valve regurgitation. International journal of cardiology 2025. link 28 Chan DT, Chiu HAC, Wong KL, Un KC, Chan KE, Sze SY et al.. Transfemoral Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation (TF-TAVI) for Patients With Left Ventricular Assist Device (LVAD) and Aortic Regurgitation. Catheterization and cardiovascular interventions : official journal of the Society for Cardiac Angiography & Interventions 2025. link 29 Liu R, Fu Z, Jiang Z, Yan Y, Yao J, Liu X et al.. Transcatheter aortic valve replacement for aortic regurgitation: a systematic review and meta-analysis. ESC heart failure 2024. link 30 Kim HR, Kim WK, Kim JK, Kim HJ, Kim DH, Kim JB. Prognostic impact of the E/e' ratio in patients with chronic severe aortic regurgitation undergoing aortic valve replacement. The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery 2024. link 31 Girdauskas E, Balaban Ü, Herrmann E, Bauer T, Beckmann A, Bekeredjian R et al.. Aortic Valve Repair Results in Better 1-Year Survival Than Replacement: Results From German Aortic Valve Registry. The Annals of thoracic surgery 2024. link 32 Hanet V, Schäfers HJ, Lansac E, de Kerchove L, El Hamansy I, Vojácek J et al.. Impact of early versus class I-triggered surgery on postoperative survival in severe aortic regurgitation: An observational study from the Aortic Valve Insufficiency and Ascending Aorta Aneurysm International Registry. The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery 2024. link 33 Giebels C, Schulze-Berge J, Wagenpfeil G, Groß R, Ehrlich T, Schäfers HJ. Prolapse repair for aortic regurgitation in tricuspid aortic valves. The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery 2024. link 34 Ferrer-Sistach E, Teis A, Escabia C, Delgado V. Assessment of the Severity of Aortic Regurgitation by Noninvasive Imaging : Non-invasive MMI for AR. Current cardiology reports 2024. link 35 Noble S, Mauler-Wittwer S. TAVR as an Alternative to SAVR for Pure Native Aortic Regurgitation. The Canadian journal of cardiology 2024. link 36 Poletti E, Adam M, Wienemann H, Sisinni A, Patel KP, Amat-Santos IJ et al.. Performance of Purpose-Built vs Off-Label Transcatheter Devices for Aortic Regurgitation: The PURPOSE Study. JACC. Cardiovascular interventions 2024. link 37 Mentias A, Saad M, Menon V, Reed GW, Popovic Z, Johnston D et al.. Transcatheter vs Surgical Aortic Valve Replacement in Pure Native Aortic Regurgitation. The Annals of thoracic surgery 2023. link 38 Bekmez S, Cakmak H, Akgullu C, Kocaturk T, Eris E, Eryilmaz U. Ocular pulse amplitude and visual field changes in patients diagnosed with aortic regurgitation. International ophthalmology 2023. link 39 Tamer S, Mastrobuoni S, Vancraeynest D, Lemaire G, Navarra E, Khoury GE et al.. Late results of aortic valve repair for isolated severe aortic regurgitation. The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery 2023. link 40 García-Galindo A, Agujetas R, López-Mínguez JR, Ferrera C. Assessment of valve implantation in the descending aorta as an alternative for aortic regurgitation patients not treatable with conventional procedures. Biomechanics and modeling in mechanobiology 2023. link 41 Kunihara T. Current controversies in aortic valve-preserving surgery. Journal of cardiology 2023. link 42 Reil JC, Saisho H, Jockwer A, Fujita B, Paluszkiewicz L, Reil GH et al.. Impact of heart rate, aortic compliance and stroke volume on the aortic regurgitation fraction studied in an ex vivo pig model. Open heart 2023. link 43 Takura M, Eishi K, Miura T, Matsumaru I, Nakaji S, Yokose S et al.. David Operation for Insufficient Pulmonary Autograft After Ross-Konno Procedure. The Annals of thoracic surgery 2022. link 44 Wang C, Ma W, Gu C, Li J. Novel Cardioplegia Delivery in Patients with Severe Aortic Regurgitation. The Thoracic and cardiovascular surgeon 2022. link 45 Amano M, Izumi C. Optimal Management of Chronic Severe Aortic Regurgitation　- How to Determine Cutoff Values for Surgical Intervention?. Circulation journal : official journal of the Japanese Circulation Society 2022. link 46 Ward A, Malaisrie SC, Andrei AC, Bonow RO, Thomas JD, Puthumana J et al.. Fate of moderate aortic regurgitation after cardiac surgery. The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery 2022. link 47 Sawano S, Kodera S, Katsushika S, Nakamoto M, Ninomiya K, Shinohara H et al.. Deep learning model to detect significant aortic regurgitation using electrocardiography. Journal of cardiology 2022. link 48 Shi T, Gao Z, Li S, Hua Z. Single leaflet reconstruction in paediatric aortic regurgitation using the Ozaki procedure. Cardiology in the young 2022. link 49 Luo X, Li B, Ju F, Zhao C, Yuan Z, Tang Y et al.. Risk Factors for Aortic Regurgitation Progression After Repair of Sinus of Valsalva Aneurysm. Heart, lung & circulation 2022. link 50 Kvitting JP, Beitnes JO, Lundblad R. Early results after aortic annuloplasty with a complete external Dacron band. General thoracic and cardiovascular surgery 2022. link 51 Maeda S, Taniguchi K, Asanoi H, Toda K, Funatsu T, Kondoh H et al.. Heterogeneous reduction in regional wall stress after aortic valve replacement for aortic regurgitation: a distinct feature from aortic stenosis. Journal of artificial organs : the official journal of the Japanese Society for Artificial Organs 2022. link 52 Lavine SJ, Raby K. Predictors of heart failure and all-cause mortality in asymptomatic patients with moderate and severe aortic regurgitation. Echocardiography (Mount Kisco, N.Y.) 2022. link 53 Ning X, Wang W, Lu F, Li M, Wang H, Li N et al.. Transapical Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation for Aortic Regurgitation in Takayasu Arteritis. The heart surgery forum 2022. link 54 Soares FR, Branco C, Coutinho GF, Prieto D, Antunes MJ. Quadricuspid aortic valve with a hidden left ostium: Case report and literature review. Revista portuguesa de cardiologia 2021. link 55 Arora S, Lahewala S, Zuzek Z, Thakkar S, Jani C, Jaswaney R et al.. Transcatheter aortic valve replacement in aortic regurgitation: The U.S. experience. Catheterization and cardiovascular interventions : official journal of the Society for Cardiac Angiography & Interventions 2021. link 56 Anand V, Yang L, Luis SA, Padang R, Michelena HI, Tsay JL et al.. Association of Left Ventricular Volume in Predicting Clinical Outcomes in Patients with Aortic Regurgitation. Journal of the American Society of Echocardiography : official publication of the American Society of Echocardiography 2021. link 57 Kunihara T. Current trends in aortic valve-preserving surgery. Asian cardiovascular & thoracic annals 2021. link 58 Zeng Q, Wang S, Zhang L, Li Y, Cheng L, Wang J et al.. Left Ventricular Remodeling and Its Progression in Asymptomatic Patients with Chronic Aortic Regurgitation: Evaluation by Speckle-Tracking Echocardiography. Journal of the American Society of Echocardiography : official publication of the American Society of Echocardiography 2021. link 59 Bac NH, Dinh NH, Binh TQ, Khoi LM. Severe aortic regurgitation following blunt chest trauma due to home accident. Asian cardiovascular & thoracic annals 2021. link 60 Fujiyoshi T, Matsumoto R, Kamiya K, Ogino H. Inter-operative determination of the aortic root and cusp geometry associated with the aortic regurgitation grade. Surgery today 2021. link 61 Isogai T, Saad AM, Ahuja KR, Shekhar S, Abdelfattah OM, Gad MM et al.. Short-term outcomes of transcatheter aortic valve replacement for pure native aortic regurgitation in the United States. Catheterization and cardiovascular interventions : official journal of the Society for Cardiac Angiography & Interventions 2021. link 62 Zhu Y, Imbrie-Moore AM, Paulsen MJ, Priromprintr B, Park MH, Wang H et al.. A Novel Aortic Regurgitation Model from Cusp Prolapse with Hemodynamic Validation Using an Ex Vivo Left Heart Simulator. Journal of cardiovascular translational research 2021. link 63 Yang LT, Benfari G, Eleid M, Scott CG, Nkomo VT, Pellikka PA et al.. Contemporary differences between bicuspid and tricuspid aortic valve in chronic aortic regurgitation. Heart (British Cardiac Society) 2021. link 64 Takagi H, Hari Y, Kawai N, Ando T. Meta-Analysis and Meta-Regression of Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation for Pure Native Aortic Regurgitation. Heart, lung & circulation 2020. link 65 Chung MJ, Ganapathi AM, Vora AN, Schroder JN, Kiefer TL, Hughes GC. Valve-in-Ring Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement After Left Ventricular Assist Device Therapy. The Annals of thoracic surgery 2020. link 66 Stachon P, Kaier K, Heidt T, Bothe W, Zirlik A, Zehender M et al.. Nationwide outcomes of aortic valve replacement for pure aortic regurgitation in Germany 2008-2015. Catheterization and cardiovascular interventions : official journal of the Society for Cardiac Angiography & Interventions 2020. link 67 Spina R, Khalique O, Kodali S, Bapat VN. Urgent transcatheter aortic valve replacement for severe acute aortic regurgitation following open mitral valve surgery. Catheterization and cardiovascular interventions : official journal of the Society for Cardiac Angiography & Interventions 2019. link 68 Kammerlander AA, Wiesinger M, Duca F, Aschauer S, Binder C, Zotter Tufaro C et al.. Diagnostic and Prognostic Utility of Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Aortic Regurgitation. JACC. Cardiovascular imaging 2019. link 69 Seldrum S, de Meester C, Pierard S, Pasquet A, Lazam S, Boulif J et al.. Assessment of Left Ventricular Reverse Remodeling by Cardiac MRI in Patients Undergoing Repair Surgery for Severe Aortic or Mitral Regurgitation. Journal of cardiothoracic and vascular anesthesia 2019. link 70 Mangieri A, Giannini F, Laricchia A, Romano V, Lanzillo G, Pagnesi M et al.. Transcatheter Treatment of Pure Aortic Regurgitation in a Horizontal Aorta Complicated by Valve Embolization and Aortic Dissection. Cardiovascular revascularization medicine : including molecular interventions 2019. link 71 Unbehaun A, Klein C, Buz S, Meyer A, Wamala I, Potapov E et al.. A Novel Technique for Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement in Pure Aortic Regurgitation. The Annals of thoracic surgery 2019. link 72 Cai Y, Wei X, Li C, Zhang X, Tang H, Rao L. New echocardiographic method for chronic aortic regurgitation: diastolic retrograde ratio in the descending aorta by vector flow mapping. The international journal of cardiovascular imaging 2019. link 73 Berra IG, Hammer PE, Berra S, Irusta AO, Chang Ryu S, Perrin DP et al.. An intraoperative test device for aortic valve repair. The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery 2019. link 74 Modolo R, Miyazaki Y, Chang CC, Te Lintel Hekkert M, van Sloun M, Suchecki T et al.. Feasibility study of a synchronized diastolic injection with low contrast volume for proper quantitative assessment of aortic regurgitation in porcine models. Catheterization and cardiovascular interventions : official journal of the Society for Cardiac Angiography & Interventions 2019. link 75 de Meester C, Gerber BL, Vancraeynest D, Pouleur AC, Noirhomme P, Pasquet A et al.. Do Guideline-Based Indications Result in an Outcome Penalty for Patients With Severe Aortic Regurgitation?. JACC. Cardiovascular imaging 2019. link 76 Pesarini G, Lunardi M, Piccoli A, Gottin L, Prati D, Ferrero V et al.. Effectiveness and Safety of Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation in Patients With Pure Aortic Regurgitation and Advanced Heart Failure. The American journal of cardiology 2018. link 77 Shen X, Schnell S, Barker AJ, Suwa K, Tashakkor L, Jarvis K et al.. Voxel-by-voxel 4D flow MRI-based assessment of regional reverse flow in the aorta. Journal of magnetic resonance imaging : JMRI 2018. link 78 Spampinato RA, Jahnke C, Paetsch I, Hilbert S, Busch F, Schloma V et al.. Quantification of Aortic Valve Regurgitation by Pulsed Doppler Examination of the Left Subclavian Artery Velocity Contour: A Validation Study with Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Journal of the American Society of Echocardiography : official publication of the American Society of Echocardiography 2018. link 79 Fiedler AG, Bhambhani V, Laikhter E, Picard MH, Wasfy MM, Tolis G et al.. Aortic valve replacement associated with survival in severe regurgitation and low ejection fraction. Heart (British Cardiac Society) 2018. link 80 Chai HS, Lee SW, Park JS, Kim SC, Lee JH, Kim H. Cardiac arrest associated with aortic valve regurgitation. The American journal of emergency medicine 2018. link 81 Stoker T, Mashhour A, Easo J, Kronberg K, Ennker J, Weymann A. Novel Treatment of a Degenerated Bioroot With the Use of the Sutureless Valve Technique. The Annals of thoracic surgery 2018. link 82 Bech-Hanssen O, Svensson F, Polte CL, Johnsson ÅA, Gao SA, Lagerstrand KM. Characterization of complex flow patterns in the ascending aorta in patients with aortic regurgitation using conventional phase-contrast velocity MRI. The international journal of cardiovascular imaging 2018. link 83 Ong G, Redfors B, Crowley A, Abdel-Qadir H, Harrington A, Liu Y et al.. Evaluation of left ventricular reverse remodeling in patients with severe aortic regurgitation undergoing aortic valve replacement: Comparison between diameters and volumes. Echocardiography (Mount Kisco, N.Y.) 2018. link 84 Alashi A, Mentias A, Abdallah A, Feng K, Gillinov AM, Rodriguez LL et al.. Incremental Prognostic Utility of Left Ventricular Global Longitudinal Strain in Asymptomatic Patients With Significant Chronic Aortic Regurgitation and Preserved Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction. JACC. Cardiovascular imaging 2018. link 85 Silaschi M, Conradi L, Wendler O, Schlingloff F, Kappert U, Rastan AJ et al.. The JUPITER registry: One-year outcomes of transapical aortic valve implantation using a second generation transcatheter heart valve for aortic regurgitation. Catheterization and cardiovascular interventions : official journal of the Society for Cardiac Angiography & Interventions 2018. link 86 Bech-Hanssen O, Polte CL, Svensson F, Johnsson ÅA, Lagerstrand KM, Cederbom U et al.. Pulsed-Wave Doppler Recordings in the Proximal Descending Aorta in Patients with Chronic Aortic Regurgitation: Insights from Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance. Journal of the American Society of Echocardiography : official publication of the American Society of Echocardiography 2018. link 87 Achkouty G, Amabile N, Zannis K, Veugeois A, Caussin C. Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement for Severe Aortic Regurgitation With Acute Refractory Cardiogenic Shock. The Canadian journal of cardiology 2018. link 88 Roberts PA, Lin ACW, Cowan BR, Young AA, Stewart R. Comparison of effects of losartan and metoprolol on left ventricular and aortic function at rest and during exercise in chronic aortic regurgitation. 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Prognostic value of exercise left ventricular end-systolic volume index in patients with asymptomatic aortic regurgitation: an exercise echocardiography study. Journal of echocardiography 2017. link 93 Forteza Albertí JF, Noris Mora M, Carrillo López A, Pericàs P, Pasamar Márquez L, Calderón Montero FJ et al.. Changes in the severity of aortic regurgitation at peak effort during exercise. International journal of cardiology 2017. link 94 Alegret JM, Martinez-Micaelo N, La Gerche A, Franco-Bonafonte L, Rubio-Pérez F, Calvo N et al.. Acute effect of static exercise in patients with aortic regurgitation assessed by cardiovascular magnetic resonance: role of left ventricular remodelling. European radiology 2017. link 95 M Herrmann FE, Wellmann P, von Dossow V, Massberg S, Hagl C, Schramm R et al.. Rescue TAVI for Aortic Regurgitation after Left Ventricular Assist Device Implantation Following Preoperative Impella® Support. The Journal of heart valve disease 2017. link 96 Théron A, Odelin G, Faure E, Avierinos JF, Zaffran S. Krox20 heterozygous mice: A model of aortic regurgitation associated with decreased expression of fibrillar collagen genes. Archives of cardiovascular diseases 2016. link 97 Broch K, Urheim S, Lønnebakken MT, Stueflotten W, Massey R, Fosså K et al.. Controlled release metoprolol for aortic regurgitation: a randomised clinical trial. Heart (British Cardiac Society) 2016. link 98 Chaturvedi A, Hamilton-Craig C, Cawley PJ, Mitsumori LM, Otto CM, Maki JH. Quantitating aortic regurgitation by cardiovascular magnetic resonance: significant variations due to slice location and breath holding. European radiology 2016. link 99 Basmadjian L, Basmadjian AJ, Stevens LM, Mongeon FP, Cartier R, Poirier N et al.. Early results of extra-aortic annuloplasty ring implantation on aortic annular dimensions. 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Original source

[1]
Sex Differences in Left Ventricular Remodeling for Risk Stratification of Patients With Aortic Regurgitation. — Lopez Santi P, Fortuni F, Bernard J, Sarrazyn C, Chua AP, Butcher SC et al. JAMA cardiology (2026)
[2]
Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement With Self-Expanding Valves in Severe Pure Native Aortic Regurgitation-Is It Still Anchored Stably in a Significantly Dilated Ascending Aorta Population? — Zhang W, Chen X, Zhang L, Kong X, Zhang X, Li W et al. Catheterization and cardiovascular interventions : official journal of the Society for Cardiac Angiography & Interventions (2026)
[3]
Evaluation of aortic regurgitation severity using flow convergence from the parasternal window: comparison with cardiac magnetic resonance and traditional Doppler parameters. — Zeitoun J, Attar R, Malahfji M, Angulo C, Shah DJ, Zoghbi WA European heart journal. Cardiovascular Imaging (2026)
[4]
Transcatheter treatment of pure aortic regurgitation with the VitaFlow — Yu J, Zhu N, Zhu L, Pan X, Zhu Z Future cardiology (2026)
[5]
Tricuspidization of the Bicuspid Aortic Valve With Aortic Regurgitation. — Okita Y, Numata S, Suda H, Takanashi S, Hayashi T, Nakamura Y The Annals of thoracic surgery (2026)
[6]
Quantitative cardiac MRI assessment of aortic regurgitation and reverse remodeling after surgery: a multi-center study. — Malahfji M, Shah D, Saeed M, Senapati A, Liu GT, Abdurrahman S et al. The international journal of cardiovascular imaging (2026)
[7]
Aortic Regurgitation as the Next Frontier in the TAVR Space. — Nienaber S, Curio J, Tarantini G, Wienemann H, Adam M The American journal of cardiology (2026)
[8]
Assessment of haemodynamics in patients with aortic regurgitation and tricuspid aortic valves using four-dimensional flow cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging. — Liu F, Li R, Cao L, Guo S Clinical radiology (2026)
[9]
Does Preoperative Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction Impact the Results After Aortic Root Surgery? Decision-Making Between Aortic Valve-Sparing Techniques and Bentall Operation. — Brega C, Sangiorgi D, Karalko M, Pettinari M, Chauvette V, de Hubsch AC et al. Heart, lung & circulation (2026)
[10]
Quantifying myocardial function characteristic with myocardial work measurement in patients with different aortic regurgitation severity. — Huang Z, Chen X, Ren J, Wan L, Ma X, Dong J et al. Clinical physiology and functional imaging (2026)
[11]
Contemporary Diagnosis and Treatment of Aortic Regurgitation: A State-of-the-Art Review. — Pawar S, Allen C, Mori M, Markel J, Patel K, Thornton G et al. Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2026)
[12]
Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation for Aortic Regurgitation: A Comprehensive Review. — Gera P, Wasserstein DH, Frishman WH, Aronow WS Cardiology in review (2026)
[13]
Optimization of echocardiographic quantification of aortic regurgitation against CMR: novel algorithm development and prospective validation. — Wang TKM, Grimm RA, Popovic ZB, Rodriguez LL, Chan N, Turkmani M et al. European heart journal. Cardiovascular Imaging (2026)
[14]
Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement for Aortic Regurgitation: A Case-Based Review. — Uchoa de Assis L, Mariani A, Kostea A, Nuis RJ, Daemen J, Van Mieghem NM The American journal of cardiology (2026)
[15]
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