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Allergy & Immunology204 papers

Infection caused by Acinetobacter baumannii

Last edited: 4/14/2026

Overview

Acinetobacter baumannii is a Gram-negative bacterium known for causing severe nosocomial infections, particularly in intensive care units (ICUs), often exhibiting multidrug-resistant (MDR) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) phenotypes 13.

Diagnosis

  • Blood cultures are crucial for identifying A. baumannii infections, with high positivity rates in clinical settings 3.
  • Serological tests like the serum bactericidal test (SBT) may predict mortality in MDRAB infections, especially in patients without multiple organ failure or rapidly fatal disease 4.
  • Management

  • Polymyxins are often the last line of defense for treating MDR and XDR A. baumannii infections due to their limited resistance profile 4.
  • The serum bactericidal test (SBT) can guide prognosis and potentially inform treatment decisions, particularly in regions with limited therapeutic options 4.
  • Special Populations

  • Haematology Patients: XDR A. baumannii infections in haematology clinics have high mortality rates, especially in patients with relapsed or non-remitting malignancies 3.
  • Elderly and Comorbidities: Specific management strategies for elderly patients or those with comorbidities are not detailed in the provided abstracts, but these populations may face increased severity and mortality 34.
  • Key Recommendations

  • Utilize blood cultures for definitive diagnosis of A. baumannii infections 3.
  • Consider serum bactericidal titers as a prognostic tool in regions with limited treatment options for MDRAB, particularly in patients without multiple organ failure 4 (Evidence: Moderate).
  • Implement rigorous infection control measures in ICUs and haematology units to mitigate transmission, given the asymptomatic carriage and high colonization rates 2 (Evidence: Moderate).
  • Prioritize polymyxin use for treating MDR and XDR A. baumannii infections due to their efficacy against resistant strains 4 (Evidence: Weak).
  • References

    1 Afshan G, Yaseen N, Ali SH, Khan AU. Immunoinformatics-Based development of a Multi-Epitope vaccine candidate targeting coinfection by Klebsiella pneumoniae and Acinetobacter baumannii. BMC infectious diseases 2025. link 2 Doan TN, Kong DC, Marshall C, Kirkpatrick CM, McBryde ES. Characterising the Transmission Dynamics of Acinetobacter baumannii in Intensive Care Units Using Hidden Markov Models. PloS one 2015. link 3 Metan G, Pala Ç, Kaynar L, Cevahir F, Alp E. A nightmare for haematology clinics: extensively drug-resistant (XDR) Acinetobacter baumannnii. Le infezioni in medicina 2014. link 4 Liao CH, Sheng WH, Chen YC, Hung CC, Wang JT, Chang SC. Predictive value of the serum bactericidal test for mortality in patients infected with multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii. The Journal of infection 2007. link

    Original source

    1. [1]
    2. [2]
    3. [3]
      A nightmare for haematology clinics: extensively drug-resistant (XDR) Acinetobacter baumannnii.Metan G, Pala Ç, Kaynar L, Cevahir F, Alp E Le infezioni in medicina (2014)
    4. [4]
      Predictive value of the serum bactericidal test for mortality in patients infected with multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii.Liao CH, Sheng WH, Chen YC, Hung CC, Wang JT, Chang SC The Journal of infection (2007)

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