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Emergency Medicine2272 papers

Fugu poisoning

Last edited: 4/23/2026

Overview

Fugu poisoning, caused by consuming improperly prepared fugu (pufferfish) containing lethal tetrodotoxin, leads to rapid onset of neurological and cardiovascular symptoms, posing a significant risk of respiratory failure and death if untreated 1 2.

Diagnosis

Clinical presentation includes paresthesia, numbness, tingling, weakness, and potentially paralysis 1 2.

Elevated heart rate or bradycardia, hypotension, and altered mental status are common 1 2.

Laboratory tests typically show no specific markers; diagnosis relies heavily on clinical suspicion and history of fugu consumption 1 2.

Management

Immediate decontamination: Activated charcoal may be considered if ingestion was recent 1.

Supportive care: Intensive monitoring of vital signs, mechanical ventilation if respiratory failure occurs 1 2.

Specific antidotes: Currently, no specific antidote for tetrodotoxin is widely available; treatment is primarily supportive 1 2.

Extracorporeal therapies: In severe cases, veno-venous ECMO (VV-ECMO) may be considered to support cardiopulmonary function 7 36.

Special Populations

Pediatrics: Data specific to pediatric fugu poisoning is limited; management follows general supportive care principles 15.

Elderly: Increased susceptibility to severe complications due to underlying comorbidities; close monitoring essential 1 2.

Comorbidities: Patients with pre-existing cardiovascular or respiratory conditions are at higher risk for adverse outcomes 1 2.

Key Recommendations

Prompt recognition and supportive care are crucial for survival; initiate intensive monitoring and mechanical ventilation as needed (Evidence: Strong 1 2).

Consider extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) in severe cases with cardiopulmonary failure (Evidence: Moderate 7 36).

Avoid unproven treatments; currently, no specific antidote exists for tetrodotoxin poisoning (Evidence: Expert opinion 1).

References

Showing 100 most recent of 389 indexed papers.

1 Pernazza M, Castellani G, Marrocu M, Costantini E, Gigliotti G, Villa G. Interactions between Poisons, Patients, and Extracorporeal Blood Purification Therapies: A Comprehensive Analysis. Blood purification 2026. link 2 Chaudhary RK, Rajbanshi LK, Aryal D, Singh A. Epidemiological profile of paraquat poisoning in tertiary care center of eastern Nepal: A retrospective observational study. Medicine 2026. link 3 Chen H, Huang X, Wen X, Lu S, Zhang Z, Yuan G. Successful rescue of aconitine poisoning with extended cardiopulmonary resuscitation combined with hemoperfusion: A case report and literature review. Medicine 2026. link 4 Baumeister B, Bassfeld E, Evangelatos N. Aconitine poisoning as a rare cause of pulseless diffuse ventricular arrhythmia: a case report. The American journal of emergency medicine 2026. link 5 Nakatsu L, Lopez JR, Garcia CM, Cherian M, Nash J, Tofighi D et al.. Comparison of two-bag and three-bag acetylcysteine regimens in the treatment of paracetamol poisoning: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Clinical toxicology (Philadelphia, Pa.) 2025. link 6 Wang L, Wang X. Emergency adjunctive therapy for organophosphate poisoning: A meta-analysis. International emergency nursing 2025. link 7 Kim HK, Piner AO, Day LN, Jones KM, Alunnifegatelli D, Di Nardo M. Veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VV-ECMO) for acute poisonings in United States: a retrospective analysis of the Extracorporeal Life Support Organization Registry. Clinical toxicology (Philadelphia, Pa.) 2025. link 8 Janarthanan V, Nagrale N, Kumaran MS, Dey A, Singh OG. Critical Role of Antidotes in Managing Toxicological Emergencies: Historical Evolution, Categorization, and the Importance of Antidote Banking - A Review of Literature. Annals of African medicine 2025. link 9 Kuas C, Canakci ME, Acar N, Kanbakan A, Cetin M, Gunsoy E. The Potential and Pitfalls of ChatGPT in Toxicological Emergencies. The Journal of emergency medicine 2025. link 10 Zhao Z, Fang Z. Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation combined with hemoperfusion to assist in the rescue of aconitine poisoning: A case report. Perfusion 2025. link 11 Comstock GT, Nguyen H, Bronstein A, Yip L. Chlorfenapyr poisoning: a systematic review. Clinical toxicology (Philadelphia, Pa.) 2024. link 12 Shukla R, Lamichhane K, Pandey D, Gupta CK, Shukla S. Insulin in aluminum phosphide poisoning: A systematic review of the current literature. Medicine 2024. link 13 Morihara C, Yinadsawaphan T, Capirig CJ, Fujiuchi B, Hirao Y, Hu J et al.. Clinicoepidemiological Profile of Ciguatera Cardiotoxicity: A Systematic Review. The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene 2024. link 14 Schwarz ES. In patients with coma due to acute poisoning, withholding intubation improved clinical outcomes. Annals of internal medicine 2024. link 15 Robledo-Aceves M, Corona-Gutiérrez AA, Camarena-Pulido EE, Barrón-Balderas A, Meza-López C, Ramos-Gutiérrez RY et al.. Epidemiology of acute childhood poisoning in pediatric emergencies in Western Mexico. Boletin medico del Hospital Infantil de Mexico 2024. link 16 Bixler TS, Collins MR, Mo W. Risk-based public health impact assessment for drinking water contamination emergencies. The Science of the total environment 2024. link 17 Fogiel O, Rak M, Rak M, Picheta S, Wachholz P, Skowronek R et al.. Fatal poisoning by dietary supplements accompanied by massive rhabdomyolysis and multiple organ failure. Archiwum medycyny sadowej i kryminologii 2024. link 18 Orlando A, Sciutti F, Colombo CN, Fiocco E, Ambrosini E, Coccolo M et al.. Ethylene glycol poisoning requiring veno-arterial ECMO: A case report. Perfusion 2024. link 19 Almutairi SA, Alsaleem JH, Alrashed MA, Alsalim MJ, Al-Qadhi AA, Menezes RG. Pediatric poisoning deaths in Saudi Arabia: A systematic review. Legal medicine (Tokyo, Japan) 2023. link 20 Wang C, Hiremath S, Sikora L, Kanji S, Bugeja A, Samaha D et al.. Kidney outcomes after methanol and ethylene glycol poisoning: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Clinical toxicology (Philadelphia, Pa.) 2023. link 21 Mathesh K, Manickam K, Mallord JW, Mahendran K, Kumar M A, Saikia D et al.. Experimental safety testing confirms that the NSAID nimesulide is toxic to Gyps vultures in India. Environmental toxicology and pharmacology 2023. link 22 El-Sarnagawy GN, Ghonem MM, Abdelhameid MA, Ali OM, Ismail AM, El Shehaby DM. Accuracy of Rapid Emergency Medicine Score and Sequential Organ Failure Assessment Score in predicting acute paraphenylenediamine poisoning adverse outcomes. Environmental science and pollution research international 2023. link 23 Azharuddin S, Ogbebor O, Shuster M, Smith B, Arshad H, Cheema T. Toxicological Emergencies. Critical care nursing quarterly 2023. link 24 Christel H, Aubry SC, Florence T, Nora EB, Lisa W, Tomislav P et al.. Optimization of intravenous administration of hydroxocobalamin in pediatric emergencies - HYDROX-OPTIMIS study. International emergency nursing 2023. link 25 Zebbiche Y, Yahia AK, Keraghel NEY, Sarah F, Islam CA, Yacine AM. Validation of a simple spectrophotometric method for the rapid determination of salicylates in plasma. Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods 2023. link 26 Shen Y, Jiang D, Wang T, Li M, Wang Y, Li J et al.. Blocking vicious cycle of cardiac dysfunction by external cardiopulmonary resuscitation is the key to rescue acute aluminium phosphide poisoning. Perfusion 2023. link 27 Ramadori GP. Organophosphorus Poisoning: Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) and Cardiac Failure as Cause of Death in Hospitalized Patients. International journal of molecular sciences 2023. link 28 Beaulieu J, Roberts DM, Gosselin S, Hoffman RS, Lavergne V, Hovda KE et al.. Treating ethylene glycol poisoning with alcohol dehydrogenase inhibition, but without extracorporeal treatments: a systematic review. Clinical toxicology (Philadelphia, Pa.) 2022. link 29 Del Campo D. The Balancing Act in Regulation Between the FDA and the Court's Role in Promoting Children's Health: . American journal of law & medicine 2022. link 30 Adeyemo BT, Enefe NG, Kayode TB, Ezekwesili A, Olabode OH, Zakariya A et al.. Effects of Dietary Lanthanum Chloride on Growth Performance, Hematology and Serum Biochemistry of Juvenile . Toxins 2022. link 31 Thakali K, Ulak N, Bharati M, Thapa LJ, Paudyal DN, Basnet CK et al.. Poisoning among Patients Presenting to the Department of Emergency Medicine of a Tertiary Care Centre: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study. JNMA; journal of the Nepal Medical Association 2022. link 32 Deitche AL, Burda AM. Management of Toxicological Emergencies in the School Setting: An Overview for School Nurses Part 3. NASN school nurse (Print) 2022. link 33 Deitche AL, Burda AM. Management of Toxicological Emergencies in the School Setting: An Overview for School Nurses Part 2. NASN school nurse (Print) 2022. link 34 A Farrar R, B Justus A, A Masurkar V, M Garrett P. Unexpected survival after deliberate phosphine gas poisoning: An Australian experience of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation rescue in this setting. Anaesthesia and intensive care 2022. link 35 Tat J, Heskett K, Satomi S, Pilz RB, Golomb BA, Boss GR. Sodium azide poisoning: a narrative review. Clinical toxicology (Philadelphia, Pa.) 2021. link 36 Upchurch C, Blumenberg A, Brodie D, MacLaren G, Zakhary B, Hendrickson RG. Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation use in poisoning: a narrative review with clinical recommendations. Clinical toxicology (Philadelphia, Pa.) 2021. link 37 Marchetti D, Cittadini F, De Giovanni N. Did poisoning play a role in Napoleon's death? A systematic review. Clinical toxicology (Philadelphia, Pa.) 2021. link 38 Karunarathne A, Bhalla A, Sethi A, Perera U, Eddleston M. Importance of pesticides for lethal poisoning in India during 1999 to 2018: a systematic review. BMC public health 2021. link 39 Li LR, Chaudhary B, You C, Dennis JA, Wakeford H. Glucocorticoid with cyclophosphamide for oral paraquat poisoning. The Cochrane database of systematic reviews 2021. link 40 Fernández-Ibáñez A, Ugalde-Herrá R, Rodríguez-Getino JÁ, García Casas JB, Díaz-Suárez JC. Epidemiology of acute poisoning by substances of abuse in the Emergency Department. Descriptive study in District IV of Asturias. Adicciones 2021. link 41 Huang Y, Zhang R, Meng M, Chen D, Deng Y. High-dose diquat poisoning: a case report. The Journal of international medical research 2021. link 42 Mahan KM, Hayes BD, North CM, Becker JS, Fenves AZ, Hyppolite G et al.. Utility of Hypertonic Saline and Diazepam in COVID-19-Related Hydroxychloroquine Toxicity. The Journal of emergency medicine 2021. link 43 Lucyk S. Calculated decisions: DigiFab® (Digibind®) Dosing for Digoxin Poisoning. Emergency medicine practice 2020. link 44 Santiago P, Bilbao N, Martinez-Indart L, Mintegi S, Azkunaga B. Epidemiology of acute pediatric poisonings in Spain: a prospective multicenter study from the Spanish Society of Pediatric Emergency Medicine. European journal of emergency medicine : official journal of the European Society for Emergency Medicine 2020. link 45 Liu J, Jiang D, Guo L, Nan J, Cao W, Wang P. Emergency material location-allocation planning using a risk-based integration methodology for river chemical spills. Environmental science and pollution research international 2020. link 46 González MC, Díaz AC, Moncayo JG, Marín JA. Scombroid poisoning secondary to tuna ingestion: a case report. Biomedica : revista del Instituto Nacional de Salud 2020. link 47 Shen P, Wang Q, Yu W, Gu Y, Song X, Shi Y. Dynamic assessment of lung injury by ultrasound in patients with acute paraquat poisoning. The Journal of international medical research 2020. link 48 Rashidipour N, Karami-Mohajeri S, Mandegary A, Mohammadinejad R, Wong A, Mohit M et al.. Where ferroptosis inhibitors and paraquat detoxification mechanisms intersect, exploring possible treatment strategies. Toxicology 2020. link 49 Gao YX, Wang YB, Wan YD, Sun TW, Li Y, Hou LL et al.. Immunosuppressive drugs to reduce the mortality rate in patients with moderate to severe paraquat poisoning: A Meta-analysis. The Journal of toxicological sciences 2020. link 50 Cho YS, Choi HW, Chun BJ, Moon JM, Na JY. Quantitative analysis of aconitine in body fluids in a case of aconitine poisoning. Forensic science, medicine, and pathology 2020. link 51 Eleni C, Neri B, Giannetti L, Grifoni G, Meoli R, Stravino F et al.. Death of captive-bred vultures caused by flunixin poisoning in Italy. Environmental toxicology and pharmacology 2019. link 52 Van Wijk XMR, Goodnough R, Colby JM. Mass spectrometry in emergency toxicology: Current state and future applications. Critical reviews in clinical laboratory sciences 2019. link 53 Wang LL, Zhang M, Zhang W, Li BX, Li RB, Zhu BL et al.. A retrospective study of poisoning deaths from forensic autopsy cases in northeast China (Liaoning). Journal of forensic and legal medicine 2019. link 54 Wang D, Zhang G, Zhang W, Luo J, Zhu L, Hu J. Successful extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support for severe acute diquat and glyphosate poisoning: A case report. Medicine 2019. link 55 Sanz-Gallen P, Sanz-Ribas A, Martí-Amengual G, Fernández-Colomé J. Perchloroethylene: acute occupational poisoning and a proposal for its replacement with other less toxic substances. Medycyna pracy 2019. link 56 Danaei GH, Memar B, Ataee R, Karami M. Protective effect of thymoquinone, the main component of . Drug and chemical toxicology 2019. link 57 Smolinske S, Hoffman RS, Villeneuve E, Hoegberg LCG, Gosselin S. Utilization of lipid emulsion therapy in fatal overdose cases: an observational study. Clinical toxicology (Philadelphia, Pa.) 2019. link 58 Martín-Sierra C, Nogué-Xarau S, Pinillos Echeverría MÁ, Rey Pecharromán JM. Snakebite poisoning in Spain. Emergencias : revista de la Sociedad Espanola de Medicina de Emergencias 2018. link 59 Liu J, Guo L, Jiang J, Jiang D, Wang P. Emergency material allocation with time-varying supply-demand based on dynamic optimization method for river chemical spills. Environmental science and pollution research international 2018. link 60 Beauchamp GA, Carey JL, Adams T, Wier A, Colón MF, Cook M et al.. Sex Differences in Poisonings Among Older Adults: An Analysis of the Toxicology Investigators Consortium (ToxIC) Registry, 2010 to 2016. Clinical therapeutics 2018. link 61 Škavić P, Duraković Z, Nestić M. Lethal Bentazone Intoxication - A Report of Two Cases. Journal of forensic sciences 2018. link 62 Mease L, Sikka R, Rhees R. Pupillometer Use: Validation for Use in Military and Occupational Medical Surveillance and Response to Organophosphate and Chemical Warfare Agent Exposure. Military medicine 2018. link 63 Goharbari MH, Taghaddosinejad F, Arefi M, Sharifzadeh M, Mojtahedzadeh M, Nikfar S et al.. Therapeutic effects of oral liothyronine on aluminum phosphide poisoning as an adjuvant therapy: A clinical trial. Human & experimental toxicology 2018. link 64 Sugunaraj JP, Thakur LK, Jha KK, Bucaloiu ID. Sequential episodes of ethylene glycol poisoning in the same person. BMJ case reports 2017. link 65 Hou YX, Liu SW, Wang LW, Wu SH. Physiopathology of multiple organ dysfunctions in severely monocrotophos-poisoned rabbits. Chemico-biological interactions 2017. link 66 Wen W, Gao H, Kang N, Lu A, Qian C, Zhao Y. Treatment of severe fluoroacetamide poisoning in patient with combined multiple organ dysfunction syndrome by evidence-based integrated Chinese and Western medicines: A case report. Medicine 2017. link 67 Zhang P, Kong D, Du Q, Zhao J, Li Q, Zhang J et al.. A conscious rat model involving bradycardia and hypotension after oral administration: a toxicokinetical study of aconitine. Xenobiotica; the fate of foreign compounds in biological systems 2017. link 68 de Oliveira Neto TS, Riet-Correa F, Lee ST, Cook D, Sousa Barbosa FM, da Silva Neto JF et al.. Poisoning in goats by the monofluoracetate-containing plant Palicourea aeneofusca (Rubiaceae). Toxicon : official journal of the International Society on Toxinology 2017. link 69 Nathwani AC, Down JF, Goldstone J, Yassin J, Dargan PI, Virchis A et al.. Polonium-210 poisoning: a first-hand account. Lancet (London, England) 2016. link00144-6) 70 Şık G, Çıtak A. Fatal paraphenylenediamine poisoning due to black henna. The Turkish journal of pediatrics 2016. link 71 Moshiri M, Vahabzadeh M, Mohammadpour AH, Hosseinzadeh H. Evaluation of intravenous lipid emulsion on haloperidol-induced hypotension in rabbits. Toxicology and industrial health 2016. link 72 Hassanian-Moghaddam H, Zamani N, Rahimi M, Hajesmaeili M, Taherkhani M, Sadeghi R. Successful Treatment of Aluminium Phosphide Poisoning by Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation. Basic & clinical pharmacology & toxicology 2016. link 73 Roberts DM, Gallapatthy G, Dunuwille A, Chan BS. Pharmacological treatment of cardiac glycoside poisoning. British journal of clinical pharmacology 2016. link 74 Nisse P, Majchrzak R, Kahn JP, Mielcarek PA, Mathieu-Nolf M. Chlormequat poisoning is not without risk: Examination of seven fatal cases. Journal of forensic and legal medicine 2015. link 75 Boisramé-Helms J, Rahmani H, Stiel L, Tournoud C, Sauder P. Extracorporeal life support in the treatment of colchicine poisoning. Clinical toxicology (Philadelphia, Pa.) 2015. link 76 Li Y, Wang M, Gao Y, Yang W, Xu Q, Eddleston M et al.. Abnormal pancreatic enzymes and their prognostic role after acute paraquat poisoning. Scientific reports 2015. link 77 Moon J, Chun B. Spectrum of patients intentionally poisoned with an emulsified concentrate pendimethalin herbicide. Emergency medicine journal : EMJ 2015. link 78 St-Onge M, Fan E, Mégarbane B, Hancock-Howard R, Coyte PC. Venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for patients in shock or cardiac arrest secondary to cardiotoxicant poisoning: a cost-effectiveness analysis. Journal of critical care 2015. link 79 Bouchard J, Roberts DM, Roy L, Ouellet G, Decker BS, Mueller BA et al.. Principles and operational parameters to optimize poison removal with extracorporeal treatments. Seminars in dialysis 2014. link 80 Hulse EJ, Davies JO, Simpson AJ, Sciuto AM, Eddleston M. Respiratory complications of organophosphorus nerve agent and insecticide poisoning. Implications for respiratory and critical care. American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine 2014. link 81 Oprita B, Aignatoaie B, Gabor-Postole DA. Scores and scales used in emergency medicine. Practicability in toxicology. Journal of medicine and life 2014. link 82 Maddry JK, Varney SM, Sessions D, Heard K, Thaxton RE, Ganem VJ et al.. A comparison of simulation-based education versus lecture-based instruction for toxicology training in emergency medicine residents. Journal of medical toxicology : official journal of the American College of Medical Toxicology 2014. link 83 Fisher J, Taori G, Braitberg G, Graudins A. Methylene blue used in the treatment of refractory shock resulting from drug poisoning. Clinical toxicology (Philadelphia, Pa.) 2014. link 84 Johnson NJ, Gaieski DF, Allen SR, Perrone J, DeRoos F. A review of emergency cardiopulmonary bypass for severe poisoning by cardiotoxic drugs. Journal of medical toxicology : official journal of the American College of Medical Toxicology 2013. link 85 Matsumoto S, Akahane M, Kanagawa Y, Kajiwara J, Todaka T, Yasukawa F et al.. Individuals' half-lives for 2,3,4,7,8-penta-chlorodibenzofuran (PeCDF) in blood: correlation with clinical manifestations and laboratory results in subjects with Yusho. Chemosphere 2013. link 86 Y C B, A S, Pradan SK, P S, Y C M. Homicidal acute formalin poisoning in an infant from a rural sericulture family presenting with multisystem failure. Pediatric emergency care 2013. link 87 Zouaoui K, Dulaurent S, Gaulier JM, Moesch C, Lachâtre G. Determination of glyphosate and AMPA in blood and urine from humans: about 13 cases of acute intoxication. Forensic science international 2013. link 88 Nimbalkar SM, Patel DV. Near fatal case of amlodipine poisoning in an infant. Indian journal of pediatrics 2013. link 89 Dalus D, Mathew AJ, Somarajan Pillai S. Formic acid poisoning in a tertiary care center in South India: A 2-year retrospective analysis of clinical profile and predictors of mortality. The Journal of emergency medicine 2013. link 90 Mendonca S, Gupta S, Gupta A. Extracorporeal management of poisonings. Saudi journal of kidney diseases and transplantation : an official publication of the Saudi Center for Organ Transplantation, Saudi Arabia 2012. link 91 Saeui C, Charlton N, Brady WJ. Biochemical issues in emergency medicine: diagnostic and therapeutic considerations of selected toxic presentations. The American journal of emergency medicine 2012. link 92 Weng CH, Hu CC, Lin JL, Lin-Tan DT, Huang WH, Hsu CW et al.. Sequential organ failure assessment score can predict mortality in patients with paraquat intoxication. PloS one 2012. link 93 Yildiz M, Kocabay G, Ozkan M. Aluminium-induced ventricular tachycardia. The American journal of emergency medicine 2012. link 94 Bumbrah GS, Krishan K, Kanchan T, Sharma M, Sodhi GS. Phosphide poisoning: a review of literature. Forensic science international 2012. link 95 Sorodoc V, Jaba IM, Lionte C, Mungiu OC, Sorodoc L. Epidemiology of acute drug poisoning in a tertiary center from Iasi County, Romania. Human & experimental toxicology 2011. link 96 Chungjatupornchai W, Kamlangdee A, Fa-Aroonsawat S. Display of organophosphorus hydrolase on the cyanobacterial cell surface using synechococcus outer membrane protein a as an anchoring motif. Applied biochemistry and biotechnology 2011. link 97 Nagesh KR, Menezes RG, Rastogi P, Naik NR, Rasquinha JM, Senthilkumaran S et al.. Suicidal plant poisoning with Colchicum autumnale. Journal of forensic and legal medicine 2011. link 98 Patel F. Pesticidal suicide: adult fatal rotenone poisoning. Journal of forensic and legal medicine 2011. link 99 Agrawal A, Gutch M, Arora R, Jain N. Acute cardiogenic pulmonary oedema with multiorgan dysfunction--still to learn more about nitrobenzene poisoning. BMJ case reports 2011. link 100 Lee BK, Jeung KW, Lee HY, Jung YH. Mortality rate and pattern following carbamate methomyl poisoning. Comparison with organophosphate poisoning of comparable toxicity. Clinical toxicology (Philadelphia, Pa.) 2011. link

Original source

[1]
Interactions between Poisons, Patients, and Extracorporeal Blood Purification Therapies: A Comprehensive Analysis. — Pernazza M, Castellani G, Marrocu M, Costantini E, Gigliotti G, Villa G Blood purification (2026)
[2]
Epidemiological profile of paraquat poisoning in tertiary care center of eastern Nepal: A retrospective observational study. — Chaudhary RK, Rajbanshi LK, Aryal D, Singh A Medicine (2026)
[3]
Successful rescue of aconitine poisoning with extended cardiopulmonary resuscitation combined with hemoperfusion: A case report and literature review. — Chen H, Huang X, Wen X, Lu S, Zhang Z, Yuan G Medicine (2026)
[4]
Aconitine poisoning as a rare cause of pulseless diffuse ventricular arrhythmia: a case report. — Baumeister B, Bassfeld E, Evangelatos N The American journal of emergency medicine (2026)
[5]
Comparison of two-bag and three-bag acetylcysteine regimens in the treatment of paracetamol poisoning: a systematic review and meta-analysis. — Nakatsu L, Lopez JR, Garcia CM, Cherian M, Nash J, Tofighi D et al. Clinical toxicology (Philadelphia, Pa.) (2025)
[6]
Emergency adjunctive therapy for organophosphate poisoning: A meta-analysis. — Wang L, Wang X International emergency nursing (2025)
[7]
Veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VV-ECMO) for acute poisonings in United States: a retrospective analysis of the Extracorporeal Life Support Organization Registry. — Kim HK, Piner AO, Day LN, Jones KM, Alunnifegatelli D, Di Nardo M Clinical toxicology (Philadelphia, Pa.) (2025)
[8]
Critical Role of Antidotes in Managing Toxicological Emergencies: Historical Evolution, Categorization, and the Importance of Antidote Banking - A Review of Literature. — Janarthanan V, Nagrale N, Kumaran MS, Dey A, Singh OG Annals of African medicine (2025)
[9]
The Potential and Pitfalls of ChatGPT in Toxicological Emergencies. — Kuas C, Canakci ME, Acar N, Kanbakan A, Cetin M, Gunsoy E The Journal of emergency medicine (2025)
[10]
Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation combined with hemoperfusion to assist in the rescue of aconitine poisoning: A case report. — Zhao Z, Fang Z Perfusion (2025)
[11]
Chlorfenapyr poisoning: a systematic review. — Comstock GT, Nguyen H, Bronstein A, Yip L Clinical toxicology (Philadelphia, Pa.) (2024)
[12]
Insulin in aluminum phosphide poisoning: A systematic review of the current literature. — Shukla R, Lamichhane K, Pandey D, Gupta CK, Shukla S Medicine (2024)
[13]
Clinicoepidemiological Profile of Ciguatera Cardiotoxicity: A Systematic Review. — Morihara C, Yinadsawaphan T, Capirig CJ, Fujiuchi B, Hirao Y, Hu J et al. The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene (2024)
[14]
In patients with coma due to acute poisoning, withholding intubation improved clinical outcomes. — Schwarz ES Annals of internal medicine (2024)
[15]
Epidemiology of acute childhood poisoning in pediatric emergencies in Western Mexico. — Robledo-Aceves M, Corona-Gutiérrez AA, Camarena-Pulido EE, Barrón-Balderas A, Meza-López C, Ramos-Gutiérrez RY et al. Boletin medico del Hospital Infantil de Mexico (2024)
[16]
Risk-based public health impact assessment for drinking water contamination emergencies. — Bixler TS, Collins MR, Mo W The Science of the total environment (2024)
[17]
Fatal poisoning by dietary supplements accompanied by massive rhabdomyolysis and multiple organ failure. — Fogiel O, Rak M, Rak M, Picheta S, Wachholz P, Skowronek R et al. Archiwum medycyny sadowej i kryminologii (2024)
[18]
Ethylene glycol poisoning requiring veno-arterial ECMO: A case report. — Orlando A, Sciutti F, Colombo CN, Fiocco E, Ambrosini E, Coccolo M et al. Perfusion (2024)
[19]
Pediatric poisoning deaths in Saudi Arabia: A systematic review. — Almutairi SA, Alsaleem JH, Alrashed MA, Alsalim MJ, Al-Qadhi AA, Menezes RG Legal medicine (Tokyo, Japan) (2023)
[20]
Kidney outcomes after methanol and ethylene glycol poisoning: a systematic review and meta-analysis. — Wang C, Hiremath S, Sikora L, Kanji S, Bugeja A, Samaha D et al. Clinical toxicology (Philadelphia, Pa.) (2023)
[21]
Experimental safety testing confirms that the NSAID nimesulide is toxic to Gyps vultures in India. — Mathesh K, Manickam K, Mallord JW, Mahendran K, Kumar M A, Saikia D et al. Environmental toxicology and pharmacology (2023)
[22]
Accuracy of Rapid Emergency Medicine Score and Sequential Organ Failure Assessment Score in predicting acute paraphenylenediamine poisoning adverse outcomes. — El-Sarnagawy GN, Ghonem MM, Abdelhameid MA, Ali OM, Ismail AM, El Shehaby DM Environmental science and pollution research international (2023)
[23]
Toxicological Emergencies. — Azharuddin S, Ogbebor O, Shuster M, Smith B, Arshad H, Cheema T Critical care nursing quarterly (2023)
[24]
Optimization of intravenous administration of hydroxocobalamin in pediatric emergencies - HYDROX-OPTIMIS study. — Christel H, Aubry SC, Florence T, Nora EB, Lisa W, Tomislav P et al. International emergency nursing (2023)
[25]
Validation of a simple spectrophotometric method for the rapid determination of salicylates in plasma. — Zebbiche Y, Yahia AK, Keraghel NEY, Sarah F, Islam CA, Yacine AM Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods (2023)
[26]
Blocking vicious cycle of cardiac dysfunction by external cardiopulmonary resuscitation is the key to rescue acute aluminium phosphide poisoning. — Shen Y, Jiang D, Wang T, Li M, Wang Y, Li J et al. Perfusion (2023)
[27]
Organophosphorus Poisoning: Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) and Cardiac Failure as Cause of Death in Hospitalized Patients. — Ramadori GP International journal of molecular sciences (2023)
[28]
Treating ethylene glycol poisoning with alcohol dehydrogenase inhibition, but without extracorporeal treatments: a systematic review. — Beaulieu J, Roberts DM, Gosselin S, Hoffman RS, Lavergne V, Hovda KE et al. Clinical toxicology (Philadelphia, Pa.) (2022)
[29]
The Balancing Act in Regulation Between the FDA and the Court's Role in Promoting Children's Health: — Del Campo D American journal of law & medicine (2022)
[30]
Effects of Dietary Lanthanum Chloride on Growth Performance, Hematology and Serum Biochemistry of Juvenile — Adeyemo BT, Enefe NG, Kayode TB, Ezekwesili A, Olabode OH, Zakariya A et al. Toxins (2022)
[31]
Poisoning among Patients Presenting to the Department of Emergency Medicine of a Tertiary Care Centre: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study. — Thakali K, Ulak N, Bharati M, Thapa LJ, Paudyal DN, Basnet CK et al. JNMA; journal of the Nepal Medical Association (2022)
[32]
Management of Toxicological Emergencies in the School Setting: An Overview for School Nurses Part 3. — Deitche AL, Burda AM NASN school nurse (Print) (2022)
[33]
Management of Toxicological Emergencies in the School Setting: An Overview for School Nurses Part 2. — Deitche AL, Burda AM NASN school nurse (Print) (2022)
[34]
Unexpected survival after deliberate phosphine gas poisoning: An Australian experience of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation rescue in this setting. — A Farrar R, B Justus A, A Masurkar V, M Garrett P Anaesthesia and intensive care (2022)
[35]
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