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Obstetrics224 papers

High assimilation pelvis

Last edited: 4/14/2026

Overview

High-risk pregnancies encompass various obstetric complications requiring specialized care to optimize maternal and fetal outcomes. These scenarios often necessitate multidisciplinary management, including maternal-fetal medicine (MFM) specialists, nutritionists, and psychosocial support.

Diagnosis

  • Comprehensive assessment including detailed medical history, physical examination, and targeted diagnostic tests.
  • Use of biophysical profiles and fetal monitoring to evaluate fetal well-being 16.
  • Grading systems like antepartum scoring forms to identify risk levels 21.

    • Management

  • First-line treatments:
    • - Activity restriction tailored to specific clinical scenarios 5. - Close monitoring and frequent prenatal visits to manage complications 13.
  • Adjunctive treatments:
    • - Nutritional support provided by registered dietitians for conditions like gestational diabetes 6. - Telemedicine for rural or underserved populations to ensure timely specialist consultation 7.

    Special Populations

  • Pregnancy:
    • - Enhanced psychosocial support for emotional resilience, especially in cases of complex diagnoses like Down syndrome 14. - Home care programs for high-risk antepartum patients to minimize separation stress 18.
  • Comorbidities:
    • - Tailored care plans addressing both pregnancy-related and pre-existing conditions 13.

    Key Recommendations

  • Utilize multidisciplinary teams including MFM specialists for comprehensive care of high-risk pregnancies (Evidence: Strong 1112).
  • Implement structured assessment tools like biophysical profiles and antepartum scoring forms to guide management decisions (Evidence: Moderate 1621).
  • Provide psychosocial support and consider home care options to reduce stress and improve patient comfort (Evidence: Moderate 418).
  • Employ telemedicine and case management programs to enhance access to specialized care, particularly in underserved areas (Evidence: Moderate 713).
  • Tailor activity restrictions and nutritional interventions based on individual patient needs and clinical scenarios (Evidence: Moderate 56).

    • References

    1 Forsthoefel K. Learning to Navigate the Dark With Grace. Annals of family medicine 2025. link 2 Elboraey MA, Overfield C, Taylor SR, Bowen SN, Bhatt S, Garner HW et al.. Preference Signaling for the Diagnostic Radiology Match: A Single Institution Experience. Current problems in diagnostic radiology 2023. link 3 Anthony KE, Sellnow TL. The Role of the Message Convergence Framework in Medical Decision Making. Journal of health communication 2016. link 4 Lee S, Ayers S, Holden D. How women with high risk pregnancies perceive interactions with healthcare professionals when discussing place of birth: A qualitative study. Midwifery 2016. link 5 Bendix J, Hegaard HK, Bergholt T, Langhoff-Roos J. Recommendations of activity restriction in high-risk pregnancy scenarios: a Danish national survey. Journal of perinatal medicine 2015. link 6 Gurau J, Cronk A, Pelliccia M, Vandenbussche K. Role of the nutrition professional in high-risk obstetrics inpatient teams. Canadian journal of dietetic practice and research : a publication of Dietitians of Canada = Revue canadienne de la pratique et de la recherche en dietetique : une publication des Dietetistes du Canada 2013. link 7 Magann EF, Bronstein J, McKelvey SS, Wendel P, Smith DM, Lowery CL. Evolving trends in maternal fetal medicine referrals in a rural state using telemedicine. Archives of gynecology and obstetrics 2012. link 8 . Safety net for high-risk pregnancies. Disease management advisor 2008. link 9 Eden RD, Penka A, Britt DW, Landsberger EJ, Evans MI. Re-evaluating the role of the MFM specialist: lead, follow, or get out of the way. The journal of maternal-fetal & neonatal medicine : the official journal of the European Association of Perinatal Medicine, the Federation of Asia and Oceania Perinatal Societies, the International Society of Perinatal Obstetricians 2005. link 10 Kasabalis A, Douda H, Tokmakidis SP. Relationship between anaerobic power and jumping of selected male volleyball players of different ages. Perceptual and motor skills 2005. link 11 Sisson MC, Witcher PM, Stubsten C. The role of the maternal-fetal medicine specialist in high-risk obstetric care. Critical care nursing clinics of North America 2004. link 12 Philipson EH. The role of the maternal-fetal medicine specialist. Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine 1999. link 13 . Plans, providers partner to manage high-risk pregnancies; Medicaid outcomes improve. Public sector contracting report : the monthly guide to Medicare and Medicaid managed care 1999. link 14 Heaman M. Psychosocial impact of high-risk pregnancy: hospital and home care. Clinical obstetrics and gynecology 1998. link 15 Bachman DH, Lind RF. Perinatal social work and the high risk obstetrics patient. Social work in health care 1997. link 16 Gegor CL, Paine LL, Costigan K, Johnson TR. Interpretation of biophysical profiles by nurses and physicians. Journal of obstetric, gynecologic, and neonatal nursing : JOGNN 1994. link 17 Blankson ML, Goldenberg RL, Keith B. Noncompliance of high-risk pregnant women in keeping appointments at an obstetric complications clinic. Southern medical journal 1994. link 18 Dahlberg NL. A perinatal center based antepartum homecare program. Journal of obstetric, gynecologic, and neonatal nursing : JOGNN 1988. link 19 Viitasalo JT. Anthropometric and physical performance characteristics of male volleyball players. Canadian journal of applied sport sciences. Journal canadien des sciences appliquees au sport 1982. link 20 Boehm FH, Haire MF. One-way maternal transport: an evolving concept. Inpatient services. American journal of obstetrics and gynecology 1979. link33092-7) 21 Coopland AT, Peddle LJ, Baskett TF, Rollwagen R, Simpson A, Parker E. A simplified antepartum high-risk pregnancy scoring form: statistical analysis of 5459 cases. Canadian Medical Association journal 1977. link 22 Klein MC, Papageorgiou AN. Can perinatal regionalization be reconciled with family-centered maternal care?. The Journal of family practice 1977. link

    Original source

    1. [1]
      Learning to Navigate the Dark With Grace. — Forsthoefel K Annals of family medicine (2025)
    2. [2]
      Preference Signaling for the Diagnostic Radiology Match: A Single Institution Experience. — Elboraey MA, Overfield C, Taylor SR, Bowen SN, Bhatt S, Garner HW et al. Current problems in diagnostic radiology (2023)
    3. [3]
      The Role of the Message Convergence Framework in Medical Decision Making. — Anthony KE, Sellnow TL Journal of health communication (2016)
    4. [4]
      How women with high risk pregnancies perceive interactions with healthcare professionals when discussing place of birth: A qualitative study. — Lee S, Ayers S, Holden D Midwifery (2016)
    5. [5]
      Recommendations of activity restriction in high-risk pregnancy scenarios: a Danish national survey. — Bendix J, Hegaard HK, Bergholt T, Langhoff-Roos J Journal of perinatal medicine (2015)
    6. [6]
      Role of the nutrition professional in high-risk obstetrics inpatient teams. — Gurau J, Cronk A, Pelliccia M, Vandenbussche K Canadian journal of dietetic practice and research : a publication of Dietitians of Canada = Revue canadienne de la pratique et de la recherche en dietetique : une publication des Dietetistes du Canada (2013)
    7. [7]
      Evolving trends in maternal fetal medicine referrals in a rural state using telemedicine. — Magann EF, Bronstein J, McKelvey SS, Wendel P, Smith DM, Lowery CL Archives of gynecology and obstetrics (2012)
    8. [8]
      Safety net for high-risk pregnancies. Disease management advisor (2008)
    9. [9]
      Re-evaluating the role of the MFM specialist: lead, follow, or get out of the way. — Eden RD, Penka A, Britt DW, Landsberger EJ, Evans MI The journal of maternal-fetal & neonatal medicine : the official journal of the European Association of Perinatal Medicine, the Federation of Asia and Oceania Perinatal Societies, the International Society of Perinatal Obstetricians (2005)
    10. [10]
      Relationship between anaerobic power and jumping of selected male volleyball players of different ages. — Kasabalis A, Douda H, Tokmakidis SP Perceptual and motor skills (2005)
    11. [11]
      The role of the maternal-fetal medicine specialist in high-risk obstetric care. — Sisson MC, Witcher PM, Stubsten C Critical care nursing clinics of North America (2004)
    12. [12]
      The role of the maternal-fetal medicine specialist. — Philipson EH Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine (1999)
    13. [13]
      Plans, providers partner to manage high-risk pregnancies; Medicaid outcomes improve. Public sector contracting report : the monthly guide to Medicare and Medicaid managed care (1999)
    14. [14]
      Psychosocial impact of high-risk pregnancy: hospital and home care. — Heaman M Clinical obstetrics and gynecology (1998)
    15. [15]
      Perinatal social work and the high risk obstetrics patient. — Bachman DH, Lind RF Social work in health care (1997)
    16. [16]
      Interpretation of biophysical profiles by nurses and physicians. — Gegor CL, Paine LL, Costigan K, Johnson TR Journal of obstetric, gynecologic, and neonatal nursing : JOGNN (1994)
    17. [17]
      Noncompliance of high-risk pregnant women in keeping appointments at an obstetric complications clinic. — Blankson ML, Goldenberg RL, Keith B Southern medical journal (1994)
    18. [18]
      A perinatal center based antepartum homecare program. — Dahlberg NL Journal of obstetric, gynecologic, and neonatal nursing : JOGNN (1988)
    19. [19]
      Anthropometric and physical performance characteristics of male volleyball players. — Viitasalo JT Canadian journal of applied sport sciences. Journal canadien des sciences appliquees au sport (1982)
    20. [20]
      One-way maternal transport: an evolving concept. Inpatient services. — Boehm FH, Haire MF American journal of obstetrics and gynecology (1979)
    21. [21]
      A simplified antepartum high-risk pregnancy scoring form: statistical analysis of 5459 cases. — Coopland AT, Peddle LJ, Baskett TF, Rollwagen R, Simpson A, Parker E Canadian Medical Association journal (1977)
    22. [22]
      Can perinatal regionalization be reconciled with family-centered maternal care? — Klein MC, Papageorgiou AN The Journal of family practice (1977)
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