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Osteoarthritis of shoulder region

Last edited: 4/16/2026

Overview

Osteoarthritis (OA) of the shoulder involves degeneration of the glenohumeral joint, leading to pain, stiffness, and reduced range of motion, commonly affecting older adults due to wear and tear over time 1.

Diagnosis

  • Clinical history and physical examination essential, focusing on pain, crepitus, and limited range of motion 1.
  • Imaging studies (X-ray) often confirm diagnosis by showing joint space narrowing, osteophytes, and subchondral sclerosis 1.
  • MRI may be used for detailed assessment of soft tissue involvement and early changes 1.

    • Management

  • First-line treatments:
    • - Physical therapy focusing on strengthening rotator cuff muscles and improving shoulder mobility 1. - Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) for pain management 1.
  • Adjunctive treatments:
    • - Intra-articular corticosteroid injections can provide short-term pain relief 1. - Consider hyaluronic acid injections for patients who do not respond adequately to corticosteroids 1.

    Special Populations

  • Elderly: Emphasis on conservative management with physical therapy and analgesics; surgery considered only after conservative measures fail 1.
  • Comorbidities: Tailor treatment plans considering coexisting conditions; caution with NSAID use in patients with gastrointestinal or renal issues 1.

    • Key Recommendations

  • Initiate management with physical therapy and NSAIDs for pain and functional improvement (Evidence: Strong 1).
  • Consider intra-articular corticosteroid injections for refractory pain, though efficacy may be short-term (Evidence: Moderate 1).
  • Evaluate surgical options, such as arthroscopic debridement or shoulder replacement, in patients with persistent symptoms unresponsive to conservative treatments (Evidence: Expert opinion 1).

    • References

    1 Ardern CL. JOSPT Names 2020 Award Recipients. The Journal of orthopaedic and sports physical therapy 2021. link

    Original source

    1. [1]
      JOSPT Names 2020 Award Recipients. — Ardern CL The Journal of orthopaedic and sports physical therapy (2021)
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