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Cardiology6 papers

Disorder of tongue

Last edited: 4/23/2026

Overview

Acute enlargement of the tongue is an emergent condition that can manifest in various clinical scenarios, often requiring prompt diagnosis and management to address underlying causes and alleviate airway compromise 1.

Diagnosis

  • Clinical Presentation: Assess for signs of airway obstruction, speech difficulties, and dysphagia 1.
  • Diagnostic Tests:
    • - Imaging: Consider CT or MRI to rule out structural abnormalities 1. - Laboratory Tests: Blood tests for metabolic disorders, infections, or inflammatory markers 1.
  • Classification: Utilize a proposed classification system to guide diagnosis and management 1.

    • Management

  • First-Line Treatments:
    • - Airway Management: Ensure airway patency; intubation may be necessary in severe cases 1. - Hydration and Nutrition: Provide supportive care including intravenous fluids and nutritional support 1.
  • Adjunctive Treatments:
    • - Specific Therapy: Tailored based on underlying cause (e.g., antibiotics for infections, specific metabolic treatments) 1. - Monitoring: Continuous monitoring of vital signs and neurological status 1.

    Special Populations

  • Pregnancy: Management focuses on minimizing risks to both mother and fetus, with careful airway management 1.
  • Pediatrics: Increased vigilance for airway obstruction; consider pediatric-specific interventions 1.
  • Elderly: Address comorbidities and potential drug interactions; prioritize supportive care 1.
  • Comorbidities: Tailor treatment to coexisting conditions, such as diabetes or renal failure, influencing drug selection and dosing 1.

    • Key Recommendations

  • Prompt Airway Assessment and Management: Prioritize airway patency in acute cases to prevent respiratory compromise (Evidence: Strong 1).
  • Utilize Classification Systems for Diagnosis: Employ proposed classification systems to guide diagnostic and therapeutic approaches (Evidence: Moderate 1).
  • Tailor Treatment to Underlying Cause: Individualize treatment based on identified etiology, including specific pharmacological interventions as needed (Evidence: Expert opinion 1).

    • References

    1 Renehan A, Morton M. Acute enlargement of the tongue. The British journal of oral & maxillofacial surgery 1993. link90071-4)

    Original source

    1. [1]
      Acute enlargement of the tongue. — Renehan A, Morton M The British journal of oral & maxillofacial surgery (1993)
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