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Emergency Medicine2 papers

Pit and fissure caries

Last edited: 4/10/2026

Overview

Pit and fissure caries are a common form of dental decay that affects the occlusal surfaces of posterior teeth 1. These lesions typically begin in the pits and fissures, which are anatomical depressions on the chewing surfaces of molars and premolars 1.

Diagnosis

  • Diagnosis is typically made through visual inspection and tactile examination 1.
  • Radiographs (bitewing or periapical) are essential for detecting interproximal caries and assessing the depth of pit and fissure lesions 1.
  • Caries detection dyes can aid in identifying active carious tissue 1.
  • Management

  • Non-cavitated lesions: Remineralization therapy with fluoride varnishes or high-fluoride toothpaste is the primary approach 1. Sealants can be applied to prevent further progression 1.
  • Cavitated lesions: Conservative cavity preparation followed by restoration with composite resin or glass ionomer cement is indicated 1.
  • Deep lesions: If the pulp is involved, endodontic treatment may be necessary 1.
  • Special Populations

  • Pregnancy: No specific information regarding pit and fissure caries management in pregnancy is available in the provided abstracts.
  • Key Recommendations

  • Early detection and intervention are crucial for managing pit and fissure caries 1. (Evidence: Expert opinion)
  • Non-cavitated lesions should be treated with remineralization therapy and/or sealants 1. (Evidence: Expert opinion)
  • Cavitated lesions require restorative treatment to prevent further progression and pulpal involvement 1. (Evidence: Expert opinion)
  • References

    1 Chang CG, Jaynes C, Fernández MC, Hougen ST. Pit viper envenomation in pregnancy: a case report and literature review. The Journal of emergency medicine 2006. link

    Original source

    1. [1]
      Pit viper envenomation in pregnancy: a case report and literature review.Chang CG, Jaynes C, Fernández MC, Hougen ST The Journal of emergency medicine (2006)

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