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Infection causing parkinsonism

Last edited: 4/10/2026

Overview

Parkinsonism is a clinical syndrome characterized by bradykinesia, rigidity, tremor, and postural instability. While often idiopathic (Parkinson's disease), it can also be caused by infections, medications, toxins, or other neurological conditions.

Diagnosis

Management

Special Populations

Key Recommendations

  • Antiretroviral therapy (ART) for HIV is associated with dyslipidemia, which can increase cardiovascular disease risk 1.
  • Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs), non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs), and protease inhibitors are commonly used ART drugs linked to changes in lipid profiles, including increased total cholesterol, triglycerides, and LDL cholesterol, and decreased HDL cholesterol 1.
  • Dolutegravir and dolutegravir/rilpivirine combinations may be associated with increased depressive symptoms compared to dolutegravir alone or rilpivirine alone 2.

    • References

    1 Oliveira DPR, Macêdo APA, Dos Santos Gonçalves M, Couto RD. Dyslipidemia Secondary to the Use of HAART in Adults: A Systematic Review. Current drug research reviews 2022. link 2 Allen Reeves A, Fuentes AV, Caballero J, Thomas JE, Mosley Ii JF, Harrington C. Neurotoxicities in the treatment of HIV between dolutegravir, rilpivirine and dolutegravir/rilpivirine: a meta-analysis. Sexually transmitted infections 2021. link

    Original source

    1. [1]
      Dyslipidemia Secondary to the Use of HAART in Adults: A Systematic Review. — Oliveira DPR, Macêdo APA, Dos Santos Gonçalves M, Couto RD Current drug research reviews (2022)
    2. [2]
      Neurotoxicities in the treatment of HIV between dolutegravir, rilpivirine and dolutegravir/rilpivirine: a meta-analysis. — Allen Reeves A, Fuentes AV, Caballero J, Thomas JE, Mosley Ii JF, Harrington C Sexually transmitted infections (2021)
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