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Palliative Care2 papers

Pseudobulbar palsy

Last edited: 4/16/2026

Overview

Pseudobulbar palsy (PBA) involves involuntary episodes of laughing and/or crying that are disproportionate to the emotional state, often observed in patients with neurological disorders 1.

Diagnosis

  • Characterized by unprovoked and uncontrollable emotional outbursts 1.
  • Diagnosis typically clinical, based on symptom presentation and exclusion of other causes 1.
  • No specific laboratory tests; imaging or neurological exams may help rule out underlying conditions 1.
  • Management

  • First-line treatment: Dextromethorphan-quinidine (DMQ) combination, FDA approved for PBA 1.
  • Adjunctive measures: Non-pharmacological interventions such as psychotherapy and support groups may complement pharmacological treatment 1.
  • Alternative formulations: Compounded DMQ suspension can be considered for patients unable to swallow solid or semisolid medications 1.
  • Special Populations

  • Elderly: Hospice patients may benefit from compounded DMQ suspension for symptom management when conventional formulations are not feasible 1.
  • Key Recommendations

  • Consider compounded dextromethorphan-quinidine suspension for managing PBA in hospice patients who cannot tolerate solid or semisolid medications (Evidence: Weak 1).
  • Prioritize FDA-approved dextromethorphan-quinidine for first-line pharmacological treatment of PBA (Evidence: Expert opinion 1).
  • Evaluate and consider non-pharmacological support alongside pharmacological interventions for comprehensive management (Evidence: Expert opinion 1).
  • References

    1 Wahler RG, Reiman AT, Schrader JV. Use of Compounded Dextromethorphan-Quinidine Suspension for Pseudobulbar Affect in Hospice Patients. Journal of palliative medicine 2017. link

    Original source

    1. [1]
      Use of Compounded Dextromethorphan-Quinidine Suspension for Pseudobulbar Affect in Hospice Patients.Wahler RG, Reiman AT, Schrader JV Journal of palliative medicine (2017)

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