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Psychiatry51 papers

Mood disorder caused by stimulant

Last edited: 4/10/2026

Overview

Mood disorders can be associated with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), with ADHD being significantly more common in individuals with mood disorders compared to the general population 2. This comorbidity is linked to poorer outcomes, including more frequent mood episodes and an increased risk of suicide 2.

Diagnosis

  • ADHD should be assessed in individuals with bipolar disorder (BD) and major depressive disorder (MDD) 2.
  • Comprehensive assessment strategies are needed to address challenges in diagnosing ADHD alongside mood disorders 2.

    • Management

  • ADHD should be treated in individuals with BD and MDD 2.

    • Key Recommendations

  • ADHD should be assessed and treated in individuals with bipolar disorder and major depressive disorder 2. (Evidence: Moderate)
  • Comprehensive assessment strategies are needed to address challenges of diagnosing ADHD alongside mood disorders 2. (Evidence: Moderate)
  • Adjunctive L-methylfolate may have modest efficacy in antidepressant-treated adults with MDD 1. (Evidence: Moderate)

    • References

    1 Maruf AA, Poweleit EA, Brown LC, Strawn JR, Bousman CA. Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of L-Methylfolate Augmentation in Depressive Disorders. Pharmacopsychiatry 2022. link 2 Sandstrom A, Perroud N, Alda M, Uher R, Pavlova B. Prevalence of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in people with mood disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica 2021. link

    Original source

    1. [1]
      Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of L-Methylfolate Augmentation in Depressive Disorders. — Maruf AA, Poweleit EA, Brown LC, Strawn JR, Bousman CA Pharmacopsychiatry (2022)
    2. [2]
      Prevalence of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in people with mood disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis. — Sandstrom A, Perroud N, Alda M, Uher R, Pavlova B Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica (2021)
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