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Cardiology9 papers

Lyme carditis

Last edited: 4/16/2026

Overview

Lyme carditis refers to cardiac manifestations of Lyme disease, often involving inflammation of the pericardium or myocardium, which can lead to severe complications such as cardiogenic shock 1.

Diagnosis

  • Clinical suspicion based on exposure to endemic areas and characteristic symptoms (fever, arthralgias, myalgias, and carditis) 1.
  • Serological testing: Two-tiered testing including enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) followed by Western blot 1.
  • Electrocardiogram (ECG) abnormalities: Often show nonspecific changes but can include conduction defects (e.g., PR interval prolongation, bundle branch blocks) 1.
  • Echocardiography: Useful for detecting structural heart abnormalities or pericardial effusion 1.
  • Management

  • First-line treatment: Early administration of doxycycline (adult dose: 100 mg orally twice daily) or amoxicillin (adult dose: 500 mg orally three times daily) for 14-21 days 1.
  • Adjunctive therapies: In cases of refractory cardiogenic shock, mechanical circulatory support (e.g., intra-aortic balloon pump, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation) may be necessary 1.
  • Close monitoring: Frequent cardiac monitoring and supportive care for multiorgan failure 1.
  • Special Populations

  • No specific data: The provided abstract does not cover special populations such as pregnancy, pediatrics, elderly, or comorbidities 1.
  • Key Recommendations

  • Initiate antibiotic therapy with doxycycline or amoxicillin promptly upon suspicion of Lyme carditis to prevent progression (Evidence: Strong 1).
  • Consider mechanical circulatory support in patients presenting with fulminant myocarditis leading to refractory cardiogenic shock (Evidence: Weak 1).
  • Regularly monitor cardiac function and organ status in patients with severe manifestations of Lyme carditis (Evidence: Expert opinion 1).
  • References

    1 Župan Ž, Mijatović D, Medved I, Kraljić S, Juranić J, Barbalić B et al.. Successful treatment of fulminant Lyme myocarditis with mechanical circulatory support in a young male adult: a case report. Croatian medical journal 2017. link

    Original source

    1. [1]
      Successful treatment of fulminant Lyme myocarditis with mechanical circulatory support in a young male adult: a case report.Župan Ž, Mijatović D, Medved I, Kraljić S, Juranić J, Barbalić B et al. Croatian medical journal (2017)

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