Overview
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a condition characterized by the accumulation of excess fat in the liver, not caused by alcohol. It is a significant health concern, particularly among people living with HIV (PLWH) in Europe, where prevalence is elevated 1.Diagnosis
NAFLD prevalence among PLWH in Europe is 42% 1.
Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) prevalence among PLWH in Europe is 35% 1.
Fibrosis prevalence among PLWH in Europe is 13% 1.
Risk factors for NAFLD include male gender, BMI, waist circumference, diabetes, hypertension, metabolic syndrome, dyslipidemia, triglycerides, HDL, LDL, ALT, AST, and years on antiretroviral therapy (ART) 1.
High BMI and triglycerides are associated with NASH and significant liver fibrosis 1.Management
Early screening and intervention are needed for NAFLD, NASH, and fibrosis among PLWH 1.Special Populations
There is a need for increased research focus on adolescents living with HIV regarding NAFLD 1.Key Recommendations
Early screening and intervention for NAFLD, NASH, and fibrosis are recommended for people living with HIV 1. (Evidence: Moderate)
Increased research focus on adolescents living with HIV concerning NAFLD is warranted 1. (Evidence: Expert opinion)References
1 Jin D, Jin S, Zhou T, Cui Z, Guo B, Li G et al.. Regional variation in NAFLD prevalence and risk factors among people living with HIV in Europe: a meta-analysis. Frontiers in public health 2023. link