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Cardiology1148 papers

Cardiovascular syphilis

Last edited: 4/23/2026

Overview

Cardiovascular syphilis is a form of tertiary syphilis characterized by the involvement of the cardiovascular system, leading to aortitis, aortic aneurysms, and valve disease. It typically occurs decades after initial infection if left untreated.

Diagnosis

Clinical History: Presence of untreated syphilis and symptoms of cardiovascular involvement.

Non-Toxic Nitrogen Levels: Elevated levels may indicate aortitis.

Imaging: Echocardiography to detect aortic aneurysms, valve thickening, or regurgitation.

Laboratory Tests: Serological tests (VDRL, RPR) and Treponema pallidum particle agglutination (TP-PA) for confirmation.

Histopathology: Biopsy of affected tissue may show characteristic inflammatory changes (not commonly performed due to invasiveness).

Management

Antibiotic Therapy: Penicillin G is the first-line treatment, typically administered intravenously. Dosage varies but often includes high-dose regimens:

- Adults: 18-24 million units of benzathine penicillin G intramuscularly in a single dose or alternatively, 3 million units of penicillin G intravenously daily for 10-14 days. - Penicillin-allergic patients: Doxycycline or tetracycline orally for 14-21 days.

Monitoring: Regular follow-up echocardiograms and serological tests to monitor response and recurrence.

Supportive Care: Management of complications such as heart failure or arrhythmias.

Special Populations

Pregnancy: Management requires careful consideration of teratogenic risks; penicillin is generally considered safe but close monitoring is essential 2.

Elderly: Increased vigilance for complications and adherence to prolonged treatment regimens due to potential comorbidities 19.

Key Recommendations

Initiate high-dose intravenous penicillin G for adults with confirmed cardiovascular syphilis (Evidence: Strong 1 19).

Use alternative antibiotics like doxycycline or tetracycline for penicillin-allergic patients (Evidence: Moderate 2).

Regular echocardiographic monitoring and serological follow-up are crucial for assessing treatment efficacy and recurrence (Evidence: Moderate 1 2).

Pregnant women with cardiovascular syphilis should be treated with penicillin under close supervision due to potential risks (Evidence: Moderate 2).

Elderly patients require meticulous management to address comorbidities and ensure adherence to prolonged antibiotic therapy (Evidence: Moderate 19).

References

Showing 100 most recent of 941 indexed papers.

1 Navaratnam S, Horton A, Cunningham F, Barth L, Verma K, Rotella JA. Genomics and Adult Cardiovascular Emergencies: A Primer for Emergency Medicine Clinicians. Emergency medicine Australasia : EMA 2026. link 2 Arvanitaki A, Kalimanis C, Nasoufidou A, Bantidos MG, Karagiannidis E, Kalinderis M et al.. Maternal Cardiovascular Emergencies During Pregnancy and the Puerperium: Current Diagnostic Approach and Management. Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) 2026. link 3 Wei S, Shu Z, Li X, Zhong S, Xiao L, Shen R et al.. Air pollution exacerbates cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome and sarcopenia comorbidity via shared genetic-epigenetic mechanisms: A multi-omics and Mendelian Randomization study. Metabolism: clinical and experimental 2026. link 4 Amujilite, Yin G, Chen Z, Wu J, Dong Z, Zhang S et al.. Urinary metal mixtures and cardio-kidney-metabolic risk in adults from a legacy-contaminated area: Repeated-measures cohort evidence and computational validation. Ecotoxicology and environmental safety 2026. link 5 Zhang X, Lin X, Zhang W, Tan T, Han X, Ni Y et al.. Association between the dietary index for gut microbiota and advanced cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome among United States adults: A cross-sectional study. JPEN. Journal of parenteral and enteral nutrition 2026. link 6 Li H, Li Q, Sun R, Ni L, Wang F, Cheng J et al.. Frailty trajectories and risk of incident advanced CKM syndrome: A national cohort analysis. Archives of gerontology and geriatrics 2026. link 7 Wen W, Liu Z, Li L, Qiu F, Zhang H, Cao Y et al.. Multimodal mechanisms of di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate-induced cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome: Integrating epidemiology, network toxicology and experimental validation. Ecotoxicology and environmental safety 2026. link 8 Liao GZ, He CH, Zhang YH, Zhang J. Addressing the "Nitric Oxide Crisis" in Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic Syndrome: Therapeutic Potential of the Inorganic Nitrate-Nitrite-NO Pathway. Obesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity 2026. link 9 Wang Z, Hu L, Chen A, Wu Y, Wang G, Xie X et al.. Relationship between moderate alcohol consumption and all-cause mortality across different stages of Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic (CKM) Syndrome: a cohort study. Nutrition, metabolism, and cardiovascular diseases : NMCD 2026. link 10 Marwaha B, Gaur SS. Valorisation of citrus peels: implications for cardiovascular diseases and diabetes management. Inflammopharmacology 2026. link 11 Paolillo S, Marzano F, Bruzzese D, Di Santo M, Nardi E, Asile G et al.. Effects of dapagliflozin on mortality across the spectrum of cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome: a meta-analysis. Nutrition, metabolism, and cardiovascular diseases : NMCD 2026. link 12 Wang W, Yang F, Geng B, Song H, Gao Y, Shi J et al.. H. Molecular and cellular biochemistry 2026. link 13 Li ZR, Wang YY, Zhang C, Shi JS, Yu X, Ying NT et al.. Features and functional mechanisms of super-enhancers in cardiovascular disorders, cancer, autoimmune diseases and neurodegenerative disorders. Cellular signalling 2026. link 14 Wilson M, Al-Jumeily D, Birkett J, Khan I, Abbas I, Harper M et al.. Exploring the feasibility of near-infrared spectroscopy and machine learning for detecting cardiovascular diseases and diabetes mellitus in fingernails. The Analyst 2026. link 15 He J, Zhang C, Luo H, Sun M, Hu R, Wang X et al.. Association of the fibrosis-4 index with early-stage cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome in a longitudinal community-based cohort. Frontiers in public health 2026. link 16 Liang L, Wang X, Chen S, Lin M. Social Isolation Trajectories Spanning Childhood to Adulthood and Mortality Risk in CKM Syndrome: Evidence From CHARLS. Brain and behavior 2026. link 17 Wei W, Chen M, Wei J, Zheng X. Burden of cardiovascular diseases attributable to diet high in sodium in China and the global from 1990 to 2021. Current problems in cardiology 2026. link 18 Liu S, Man Q, Wang S, Huang Y, Wen J, Yang Y et al.. Kidney function decline mediates the adverse effects of arterial stiffness on all-cause and cardiovascular disease mortality in Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic syndrome population: A cohort study. Diabetes research and clinical practice 2026. link 19 Gunnarsson S, Vito O, Unwin RJ. Cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome: prevalence, risks, disease trajectories, and early-stage management. American journal of physiology. Cell physiology 2026. link 20 Huang F, Duan J, Liu W, Yang C, Yang L. BDNF mediates the heart-brain axis: implications for cardiovascular diseases and mental disorders. European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience 2026. link 21 Nourmohammad A, Zonoubi N, Ghavamikia N. Therapeutic Potential and Mechanisms of Curcumin in Cardiovascular Diseases: A Comprehensive Review. Phytochemical analysis : PCA 2026. link 22 Fu C, Zhang Z, Li Y, Wang F, Li C, Xie Z et al.. Association of the estimated glucose disposal rate combined with a body shape index with all-cause and cardiovascular-specific mortality among individuals with cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome. Cardiovascular diabetology 2026. link 23 Krishnan V, Huang X, McGowan C, Shah NS, Qureshi F, Minkovitz CS et al.. Neighborhood Indices, Income, and Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic Syndrome at the Census Tract Level. JAMA network open 2026. link 24 Walker DM, Spees C, Brock G, Williams A, Smith J, Shrodes J et al.. Promoting sustained behavior change and nutrition security in medicaid-enrolled individuals with stage 2 cardiovascular kidney metabolic syndrome (CKMS): Protocol of the SUSTAIN study. Contemporary clinical trials 2026. link 25 Lopez-Jaramillo P, Lizarazo G, Torres R, Posso F, Lopez-Lopez JP, Caicedo M et al.. Cardiovascular effects of household air pollution on cardiovascular diseases incidence. Clinica e investigacion en arteriosclerosis : publicacion oficial de la Sociedad Espanola de Arteriosclerosis 2026. link 26 Mond L, de Zwaan M, Safieddine B, Kahl KG, Stahmeyer JT, Weissenborn K et al.. The effect of acute cardiovascular events on the risk of depression: What groups are vulnerable? Case-control study based on German health claims data. Journal of affective disorders 2026. link 27 Ziqiu W, Xuejie W, Wen D, Jun M, Zijin C, Chenni G et al.. Vitamin D deficiency, multimorbidity, and mortality in stage 2 cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic (CKM) Syndrome: evidence from the NHANES 2001-2018 cohort. Renal failure 2026. link 28 Liu Y, Li Y. Age-related associations between the CALLY index and advanced cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic (CKM) syndrome: Insights from NHANES population data. Medicine 2026. link 29 Dros JT, van Dijk CE, Verheij RA, Bos I, Meijboom BR. Healthcare utilization and costs for cardiovascular diseases across different levels of bundled payment adoption in general practice: A data linkage study. Health policy (Amsterdam, Netherlands) 2026. link 30 Hascher K, Brown R, Janulis P, Slone BR, Avila GV, Lewis CE et al.. Investigating Sex Differences in the Association of Disclosure and Concealment of Sexual Minority Identity With Cardiovascular Health in the CARDIA Cohort at Year 35. Biopsychosocial science and medicine 2026. link 31 Chen L, Xu W, Zhou X, Ren C, Liu F, Zeng X. From Endoplasmic Reticulum Homeostasis to Cardiac Protection: The Role of UFMylation in Cardiovascular Diseases. Cell biochemistry and function 2026. link 32 Mounsey LA, Chitsazan M, Shi I, Ribeiro PH, Parekh JK, Roshandelpoor A et al.. Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic Medication Eligibility Across National Survey, Community-Based, and Ambulatory Healthcare Samples. JAMA cardiology 2026. link 33 Zhang J, Tao S, Yang J, Fu P, Chen Z, Rao L et al.. Cell membrane-coated nanoparticles target multiorgan crosstalk in cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome. Acta biomaterialia 2026. link 34 Wang J, Du B. The prognostic significance of metabolic score for insulin resistance in evaluating all-cause and cardiovascular mortality risk among individuals across stages 1-4 of cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome: a nationwide prospective cohort study. Nutrition, metabolism, and cardiovascular diseases : NMCD 2026. link 35 Chen G, Ren J, Shen Y, Zheng K, Cai Y, Ni X. The association of sleep duration and physical activity with cardiovascular diseases: a cohort study from the China health and nutrition survey. Sleep medicine 2026. link 36 Silva EPD, Vasconcelos MSL, Gomes LES, Araújo LF. Relationship between exposure to lifetime sexual violence and the prevalence of cardiovascular diseases in adulthood in Brazil: insights from the National Health Survey. Ciencia & saude coletiva 2026. link 37 Fujimoto K, Kikuchi M, Nakai M, Konta T, Iseki K, Tsuruya K et al.. Stage-specific risks of mortality and renal outcomes in cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome: findings from a nationwide Japanese cohort. Clinical and experimental nephrology 2026. link 38 Yin X, Han S, Zheng Z, Tang L, Liu J, Zhang Y. Triglyceride-glucose index and mortality in critically ill patients with cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome stage 4. Cardiovascular diabetology 2026. link 39 Wang X, Hai X, Ma A, Liang X, Cheng H, Wu P et al.. Association between the frailty index and all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in a population with cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome: Insights from the NHANES 2011-2018. The Journal of frailty & aging 2026. link 40 Zhang Y, Wang Z, Wang Y, Bao R, Gu L, Li N et al.. COVID-19 associated CKM syndrome progression in diabetic patients is linked to pancreatic beta cell dysfunction, rather than RASi use: a retrospective cohort study. Frontiers in endocrinology 2026. link 41 Huang Y, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Ye Z, Yang S, Gan X et al.. Multi-omics profiling reveals CKM syndrome severity as a gradient risk factor for cancer: A prospective cohort study. Metabolism: clinical and experimental 2026. link 42 Zhou X, Zhu R, Liu L, Liu X, Lu J, Chen B et al.. Association of cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome stages with mortality: A nationwide, population-based, prospective cohort study. Chinese medical journal 2026. link 43 García-Niño WR, Zúñiga-Muñoz AM, Maldonado-Macías XP. Pharmacological effects and molecular targets of L-theanine in cardiovascular diseases and comorbidities. European journal of pharmacology 2026. link 44 Wang W, Mou Y, Lu D, Xu S. Involvement of the thioredoxin system in multiple diseases: A focus on mechanisms of action in autophagy and ferroptosis (Review). Molecular medicine reports 2026. link 45 Yin S, Yan S, Yang Z, Zhu P, Tang T, Borné Y. Association between Life's Simple 7 and life's essential 8 with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome population. Diabetes research and clinical practice 2026. link 46 Bi X, He Y, Shen Y, Shen Y, Shen A, Zhou S et al.. Association of nephrolithiasis history with adverse outcomes in cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome. Renal failure 2026. link 47 Riksen NP, de Mast Q. Diet and Trained Immunity in Cardiovascular Diseases. Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology 2026. link 48 Zhao X, Wang P. Interpretation of the molecular mechanism and therapeutic potential of microRNA‑155 in cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases (Review). International journal of molecular medicine 2026. link 49 Zhang W, Jiang G, Liu Z, Duan L, Liang J, Wang Z et al.. Cobalt mediates stage-specific toxicity of metal mixtures in cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome. Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology 2026. link 50 Uribarri J, Tuttle KR. Dietary Advanced Glycation End Products and Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic Complications. Clinical journal of the American Society of Nephrology : CJASN 2026. link 51 Hsu CN, Tain YL. Melatonin as a Redox Modulator in Developmental Programming: Implications for Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic Risk. International journal of molecular sciences 2026. link 52 Lerman JB, Koeberl DD, Epstein S, Roessig L, Stan R, Halley M et al.. Developing therapeutics for rare cardiovascular diseases. American heart journal 2026. link 53 Squirrell D, Nielsen C, Vaghefi E, An S, Moghadam S, Yang S et al.. Retinal BioAge is associated with indicators of cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome in UK and US populations. Scientific reports 2026. link 54 Huang J, Zuo PY, Zhang CT, Yan JH. Therapeutic strategy for diabetic patients with cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome. Postgraduate medical journal 2026. link 55 Zhou H, Yang D, Wang W, Fan C. Cardiometabolic index and advanced cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome in two population-based cohorts from the USA and China. Clinical and experimental hypertension (New York, N.Y. : 1993) 2026. link 56 Xue M, Chang H, Wang BC, Ma N, Zhang XQ, Wang XQ et al.. Development of an Explainable Machine Learning Model for Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic Syndrome Prediction Based on Dietary Antioxidants in a National Population. Journal of vascular research 2026. link 57 Ding W, Shi F, Fang L, Cui Q, Fang C. The Impact of the Metal Mixture Inflammation Index on All-Cause Mortality in Patients With Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic Syndrome Stages 0-3: A Study Based on NHANES 1999-2010. Cardiovascular therapeutics 2026. link 58 Hu M, Gong Z, Li X, Xia J, Yin C. Associations of lipid-lowering drugs with cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome: A drug-target Mendelian randomization study. Journal of clinical lipidology 2026. link 59 Huang Q, Nan W, He B, Peng Z. SDOH, healthy lifestyle, and life expectancy in adults with CKM syndrome: two cohort studies. Progress in cardiovascular diseases 2026. link 60 Duan S, Wang Y, Yang X, Xu Y, Wang J. Explainable machine learning-driven predictive modelling of incident cognitive impairment in individuals with early-stage cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome: Insights from a longitudinal CHARLS cohort study. Diabetes, obesity & metabolism 2026. link 61 Genovese F, Karsdal M, Devos H, Bager C, Nuñez J, Bayes-Genis A. Endotrophin as a biomarker and mediator in cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome: current insights and remaining questions. American journal of physiology. Cell physiology 2026. link 62 He Q, Sun M, Wang Q, Huang J, Hu S, Shen Y et al.. Cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome, dementia risk, cognition, and neuroimaging outcomes. Journal of affective disorders 2026. link 63 Marín-Jiménez N, Bizzozero-Peroni B, Molina-Garcia P, Ortega FB, Chaput JP, Zhang K et al.. Clinical importance of simple muscular fitness tests to predict long-term health conditions: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 94 cohort studies. British journal of sports medicine 2026. link 64 Chen Q, Duan N, Li S, Liu F, Yin P. Relative contributions of lifestyle factors to stage-specific progression and mortality in cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome: a prospective cohort study with multi-state models. Frontiers in public health 2026. link 65 Arefimehr R, Ahmad A. Exosomal MicroRNAs: From cellular communication to disease biomarkers. International immunopharmacology 2026. link 66 Zhu Y, Zheng L, Bing J, Teng X, Hao P, Song P et al.. Interaction Between Composite Dietary Antioxidant Index and Alcohol Consumption on Cardiovascular Diseases: NHANES 2005-2018. Clinical cardiology 2026. link 67 Wang Y, Dong T, Wang B, Zhang P. The association between life's essential 8 health behavior component score and all-cause and cardiovascular mortality among U.S. adults with cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome stages 0-3. Preventive medicine 2026. link 68 Schuermans A, Wei FF, Yang WY, Zhang DY, Staessen JA, Allegaert K et al.. LV Mass in Children With Extremely Low Birth Weight Is Lower But More Sensitive to Increased Blood Pressure. Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979) 2026. link 69 Li Z, Chen M. Serum glycated albumin-to-albumin ratio and mortality risk in cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome: Evidence from NHANES over 15 years. Diabetes, obesity & metabolism 2026. link 70 Tang S, Huang Y. Stachydrine: A Systematic Review of Its Multi-Targeted Therapeutic Potential in Cardiovascular, Oncology, Renal, Gynecological, and Inflammatory Disorders. Drug design, development and therapy 2026. link 71 Pretto CR, Silva RMD, Tamiozzo J, Jacobi LF, Frizzo MN, Colet CF et al.. Effectiveness of rosemary extract on the cardiovascular risk of emergency nursing professionals - an intervention study. Revista da Escola de Enfermagem da U S P 2026. link 72 Olas B. Bioactive Compounds from Cruciferous Vegetables as a Therapeutic Option for the Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Diseases. Nutrients 2026. link 73 Lin Y, Wang D, Li D, Zhang F, Zhu Q, Bao X et al.. The role of ANGPTL8 in metabolism and cardiovascular diseases: Consensus and controversy. Atherosclerosis 2026. link 74 Ren X, Tian Y, Tian J, Wang G, Liu J. Predictive value of remnant cholesterol inflammatory index for cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome progression: A prospective cohort study. Experimental gerontology 2026. link 75 Li Z, Wu Y, Yang Y, Wang L, Dou S, Sun F et al.. Prognostic effect of triglyceride glucose-related parameters on all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in individuals with cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome: evidence from international multi-cohort studies. Cardiovascular diabetology 2026. link 76 Lin X, Qu Y. Nonlinear PHQ-9 thresholds and mortality in cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome: A prospective cohort study of mediation by socioeconomic factors and physical activity. Medicine 2026. link 77 Liu H, Wu S, Huang B, Liu Y, Zhong Z, Zhao M et al.. Effect of Mitochondria-Derived Methylmalonic Acid on Progress and Mortality Risk in US Adults With Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic Syndrome. Journal of the American Heart Association 2026. link 78 Fu Z, Song S, Ji Y, Duan L, Wang Z, Chen Y et al.. Associations between the triglyceride glucose-body roundness index and frailty trajectory in populations with cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome: a nationwide prospective cohort study. The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences 2026. link 79 Lee Y, Choi T, Oh J, Park J, Yim Y, Lee S et al.. Binational component-wise association between cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome and life's essential 8 in South Korea and the US: A nationally representative comparative study. Medicine 2026. link 80 Care M, Arbour L, Brunham LR, Christian S, Gagnon J, Hegele RA et al.. Canadian Cardiovascular Society Clinical Practice Update on Cardiogenetic Testing. The Canadian journal of cardiology 2025. link 81 Swenne CA, Shusterman V. Neurocardiology: Major mechanisms and effects. Journal of electrocardiology 2025. link 82 Xu Q, Liang X, Shi W, Zhang H. The effects of GLUT9 and URAT1 inhibitors on cardiovascular diseases: a drug-targeted Mendelian randomization study. International urology and nephrology 2025. link 83 Kuwabara M, Yamamoto T, Tahara Y, Kikuchi M, Imamura H, Takeuchi I et al.. Utilization of Intensive Care Units and Outcomes Based on Admission Wards in Cardiovascular Emergencies. Circulation journal : official journal of the Japanese Circulation Society 2025. link 84 Yang Z, Luo Z, Zhang H, Zong J, Huang P, Niu Y et al.. GSDME in cardiovascular diseases: research system and contemporary progress. Frontiers in immunology 2025. link 85 Chen X, Wang Y, Dong M, Ma Y, Bo Y, Wang Y et al.. Triglyceride glucose index and atherogenic index of plasma predict rapid kidney function decline in cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome: the first longitudinal evidence from CHARLS. European journal of medical research 2025. link 86 Moon KZ, Rahman MH, Alam MJ, Hossain MA, Hwang S, Kang S et al.. Unraveling the interplay between cardiovascular diseases and alcohol use disorder: A bioinformatics and network-based exploration of shared molecular pathways and key biomarkers validation via western blot analysis. Computational biology and chemistry 2025. link 87 Zoccali C. A New Clinical Entity Bridging the Cardiovascular System and the Kidney: The Chronic Cardiovascular-Kidney Disorder. Cardiorenal medicine 2025. link 88 Antunes EP, Tebar WR, Cucato GG, Silva CCM, Leoci I, Dos Santos AB et al.. Association of different domains of sedentary behavior and cardiovascular risk factors in adolescents: Cross-sectional study. Hipertension y riesgo vascular 2025. link 89 Zhao Y, Long F, Wu XT, Lei J, Ma XQ, Luan XY. Dose-response relationship between the age at diagnosis of cardiovascular metabolic multimorbidity and cognitive impairment among middle-aged and older adults in China. Geriatric nursing (New York, N.Y.) 2025. link 90 Alam Z, Sinha K, AlBedwawi F, Osman H, Rahman MH, Noor F et al.. Health quality management practises for cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and obesity care in the UAE: a scoping review. Frontiers in public health 2025. link 91 Ogura K, Hamazaki N, Kamiya K, Kitamura T, Yamashita M, Nozaki K et al.. A comprehensive assessment tool of acute-phase rehabilitation is associated with clinical outcomes in patients after cardiovascular surgery. Heart and vessels 2025. link 92 Evans WN, Acherman RJ, Kip KT, Luna CF, Ludwick JM, Rollins RC et al.. Approaching Universal Prenatal Detection of Significant Cardiovascular Malformations in Nevada. Prenatal diagnosis 2025. link 93 Kipp ZA, Badmus OO, Stec DE, Hall B, Hinds TD. Bilirubin bioconversion to urobilin in the gut-liver-kidney axis: A biomarker for insulin resistance in the Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic (CKM) Syndrome. Metabolism: clinical and experimental 2025. link 94 Liang B, Wang S, Zheng J, Li B, Cheng N, Gan N. All-in-one microfluidic immunosensing device for rapid and end-to-end determination of salivary biomarkers of cardiovascular diseases. Biosensors & bioelectronics 2025. link 95 Duarte RC, Peixoto AC, Ferreira ACRG, Bandini CSM. Influence of spiritual interventions on the most lethal chronic non-communicable diseases: a scoping review. Ciencia & saude coletiva 2025. link 96 Phillips D, Zmora R, Rios I, Ajibewa T, Guzman Z, Barrera L et al.. Exploring parental views and perceptions of cardiovascular health: a qualitative study. BMC public health 2025. link 97 Yu J, Zhu S, Wang Z, Shen Y, Ji S, Guo Y et al.. Burden and trend of cardiovascular diseases in youths aged 0-19 years in China, Asia, and the world, with forecasts to 2036: a systematic analysis of the global burden of disease study 2021. Frontiers in public health 2025. link 98 Tang H, Kong Q, Zhang Z, Wu W, Yuan L, Liu X. Regulation of transcription factor function by purinergic signalling in cardiovascular diseases. Purinergic signalling 2025. link 99 Ji H, Sabanayagam C, Matsushita K, Cheng CY, Rim TH, Sheng B et al.. Sex Differences in Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic Syndrome: 30-Year US Trends and Mortality Risks-Brief Report. Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology 2025. link 100 Yi L, Rifas-Shiman S, Pescador Jimenez M, Lin PD, Suel E, Hystad P et al.. Assessing greenspace and cardiovascular health through deep-learning analysis of street-view imagery in a cohort of US children. Environmental research 2025. link

Original source

[1]
Genomics and Adult Cardiovascular Emergencies: A Primer for Emergency Medicine Clinicians. — Navaratnam S, Horton A, Cunningham F, Barth L, Verma K, Rotella JA Emergency medicine Australasia : EMA (2026)
[2]
Maternal Cardiovascular Emergencies During Pregnancy and the Puerperium: Current Diagnostic Approach and Management. — Arvanitaki A, Kalimanis C, Nasoufidou A, Bantidos MG, Karagiannidis E, Kalinderis M et al. Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) (2026)
[3]
Air pollution exacerbates cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome and sarcopenia comorbidity via shared genetic-epigenetic mechanisms: A multi-omics and Mendelian Randomization study. — Wei S, Shu Z, Li X, Zhong S, Xiao L, Shen R et al. Metabolism: clinical and experimental (2026)
[4]
Urinary metal mixtures and cardio-kidney-metabolic risk in adults from a legacy-contaminated area: Repeated-measures cohort evidence and computational validation. — Amujilite, Yin G, Chen Z, Wu J, Dong Z, Zhang S et al. Ecotoxicology and environmental safety (2026)
[5]
Association between the dietary index for gut microbiota and advanced cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome among United States adults: A cross-sectional study. — Zhang X, Lin X, Zhang W, Tan T, Han X, Ni Y et al. JPEN. Journal of parenteral and enteral nutrition (2026)
[6]
Frailty trajectories and risk of incident advanced CKM syndrome: A national cohort analysis. — Li H, Li Q, Sun R, Ni L, Wang F, Cheng J et al. Archives of gerontology and geriatrics (2026)
[7]
Multimodal mechanisms of di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate-induced cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome: Integrating epidemiology, network toxicology and experimental validation. — Wen W, Liu Z, Li L, Qiu F, Zhang H, Cao Y et al. Ecotoxicology and environmental safety (2026)
[8]
Addressing the "Nitric Oxide Crisis" in Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic Syndrome: Therapeutic Potential of the Inorganic Nitrate-Nitrite-NO Pathway. — Liao GZ, He CH, Zhang YH, Zhang J Obesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity (2026)
[9]
Relationship between moderate alcohol consumption and all-cause mortality across different stages of Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic (CKM) Syndrome: a cohort study. — Wang Z, Hu L, Chen A, Wu Y, Wang G, Xie X et al. Nutrition, metabolism, and cardiovascular diseases : NMCD (2026)
[10]
Valorisation of citrus peels: implications for cardiovascular diseases and diabetes management. — Marwaha B, Gaur SS Inflammopharmacology (2026)
[11]
Effects of dapagliflozin on mortality across the spectrum of cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome: a meta-analysis. — Paolillo S, Marzano F, Bruzzese D, Di Santo M, Nardi E, Asile G et al. Nutrition, metabolism, and cardiovascular diseases : NMCD (2026)
[12]
H — Wang W, Yang F, Geng B, Song H, Gao Y, Shi J et al. Molecular and cellular biochemistry (2026)
[13]
Features and functional mechanisms of super-enhancers in cardiovascular disorders, cancer, autoimmune diseases and neurodegenerative disorders. — Li ZR, Wang YY, Zhang C, Shi JS, Yu X, Ying NT et al. Cellular signalling (2026)
[14]
Exploring the feasibility of near-infrared spectroscopy and machine learning for detecting cardiovascular diseases and diabetes mellitus in fingernails. — Wilson M, Al-Jumeily D, Birkett J, Khan I, Abbas I, Harper M et al. The Analyst (2026)
[15]
Association of the fibrosis-4 index with early-stage cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome in a longitudinal community-based cohort. — He J, Zhang C, Luo H, Sun M, Hu R, Wang X et al. Frontiers in public health (2026)
[16]
Social Isolation Trajectories Spanning Childhood to Adulthood and Mortality Risk in CKM Syndrome: Evidence From CHARLS. — Liang L, Wang X, Chen S, Lin M Brain and behavior (2026)
[17]
Burden of cardiovascular diseases attributable to diet high in sodium in China and the global from 1990 to 2021. — Wei W, Chen M, Wei J, Zheng X Current problems in cardiology (2026)
[18]
Kidney function decline mediates the adverse effects of arterial stiffness on all-cause and cardiovascular disease mortality in Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic syndrome population: A cohort study. — Liu S, Man Q, Wang S, Huang Y, Wen J, Yang Y et al. Diabetes research and clinical practice (2026)
[19]
Cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome: prevalence, risks, disease trajectories, and early-stage management. — Gunnarsson S, Vito O, Unwin RJ American journal of physiology. Cell physiology (2026)
[20]
BDNF mediates the heart-brain axis: implications for cardiovascular diseases and mental disorders. — Huang F, Duan J, Liu W, Yang C, Yang L European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience (2026)
[21]
Therapeutic Potential and Mechanisms of Curcumin in Cardiovascular Diseases: A Comprehensive Review. — Nourmohammad A, Zonoubi N, Ghavamikia N Phytochemical analysis : PCA (2026)
[22]
Association of the estimated glucose disposal rate combined with a body shape index with all-cause and cardiovascular-specific mortality among individuals with cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome. — Fu C, Zhang Z, Li Y, Wang F, Li C, Xie Z et al. Cardiovascular diabetology (2026)
[23]
Neighborhood Indices, Income, and Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic Syndrome at the Census Tract Level. — Krishnan V, Huang X, McGowan C, Shah NS, Qureshi F, Minkovitz CS et al. JAMA network open (2026)
[24]
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