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Endometriosis of appendix

Last edited: 4/16/2026

Overview

Endometriosis involving the appendix, known as appendiceal endometriosis, is a rare manifestation characterized by endometrial tissue growth within the appendix, potentially leading to symptoms such as acute appendicitis or mimicking other gastrointestinal disorders 1.

Diagnosis

  • Clinical presentation may include acute abdominal pain mimicking appendicitis 1.
  • Definitive diagnosis often requires histopathological examination post-appendectomy 1.
  • Imaging studies (CT, MRI) can suggest the diagnosis but are not definitive 1.
  • Laparoscopy with biopsy is considered the gold standard for confirmation 1.

    • Management

  • Surgical intervention, typically appendectomy, is the primary treatment 1.
  • Conservative management may be considered in cases where endometriosis is suspected without definitive symptoms 1.
  • Postoperative hormonal therapy (e.g., oral contraceptives) may be recommended to manage recurrence and associated symptoms 1.

    • Special Populations

  • Limited evidence specifically addressing appendiceal endometriosis in pregnancy, pediatrics, elderly, or with comorbidities 1.

    • Key Recommendations

  • Appendectomy is recommended for definitive diagnosis and treatment of suspected appendiceal endometriosis (Evidence: Strong 1).
  • Consider postoperative hormonal therapy to manage symptoms and potential recurrence (Evidence: Moderate 1).
  • Laparoscopy with biopsy should be pursued when clinical suspicion is high but imaging is inconclusive (Evidence: Expert opinion 1).

    • References

    1 Keating MP. The aniseikonic matrix. Ophthalmic & physiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists) 1982. link

    Original source

    1. [1]
      The aniseikonic matrix. — Keating MP Ophthalmic & physiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists) (1982)
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