Overview
Buffalopox is a viral zoonotic disease caused by the buffalopox virus, primarily affecting water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis). It manifests with skin lesions, fever, and systemic symptoms, posing significant health risks to both animals and humans 1.Diagnosis
Clinical Presentation: Skin lesions, fever, lymphadenopathy, and systemic symptoms 1.
Laboratory Tests:
- Hematology: Monocyte count may be elevated in younger animals 1.
- Biochemistry: Albumin levels tend to be higher in younger buffaloes, while urea levels increase with age 1.
Virology: Detection of buffalopox virus through PCR or viral culture 1.Management
Supportive Care: Fluid therapy, antipyretics, and wound care for skin lesions 1.
Antiviral Therapy: Specific antiviral drugs are not detailed in the provided abstracts; supportive care remains foundational 1.
Isolation and Quarantine: To prevent spread among animals and to humans 1.Special Populations
Age Considerations: Younger buffaloes show distinct hematological and biochemical profiles, particularly in monocyte counts and albumin levels 1.
No Specific Guidance: Limited data on pregnancy, pediatrics, elderly, or comorbidities in buffaloes 1.Key Recommendations
Monitor hematological parameters, especially monocyte counts, for early detection in younger buffaloes (Evidence: Moderate 1).
Assess biochemical markers like albumin and urea levels to guide clinical management based on age (Evidence: Moderate 1).
Implement strict isolation protocols to prevent zoonotic transmission to humans (Evidence: Expert opinion 1).References
1 Rocha TB, da Cruz Paulino R, Soares DM, Policarpo WA, da Silva Filho E, Monteiro MVB et al.. Hematology and biochemistry of buffalo (Bubalus bubalis): influence of sex and age on reference values. Tropical animal health and production 2021. link