Overview
Arrhythmogenic left ventricular cardiomyopathy (ALVC) is a rare inherited cardiomyopathy characterized by progressive fibrofatty replacement of the left ventricular myocardium, leading to ventricular arrhythmias and potential heart failure 42151.Diagnosis
Management
Special Populations
Key Recommendations
References
Showing 100 most recent of 271 indexed papers.
1 Chang CH, Watson C, Chatterjee D, Ward J, Borgeat K, Hodgkiss-Geere H et al.. Anti-desmoglein-2 autoantibodies do not discriminate between UK boxer dogs with and without arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy. The Veterinary record 2026. link 2 Carrick RT, Muller SA, Gasperetti A, Asatryan B, Murray B, Tichnell C et al.. Updated quantitative thresholds for cardiac magnetic resonance imaging-based diagnosis of arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy. Heart rhythm 2026. link 3 Wang Y, Wang W, Mo H, Hua X, Cui H, Chen X et al.. Genetic mutations, pathology, and single-nucleus transcriptomic landscape in LVHT patients reveal differential progression to heart transplantation. Cardiovascular pathology : the official journal of the Society for Cardiovascular Pathology 2026. link 4 Cheng X, Wang X, Liu Y. Arrhythmogenic left ventricular cardiomyopathy managed with CRT-D: A case report. Medicine 2026. link 5 Joseph S, Silbiger VN, Fatah M, Chatterjee D, Rosa Neta AP, Sacilotto L et al.. Diagnostic and prognostic significance of miRNA-15a-5p, 16-5p, and 92a-3p in arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy. Heart rhythm 2026. link 6 Wang X, Zheng J, Feng C, Wu LM. MACE Risk Prediction in ARVC Patients via CMR: A Three-Tier Spatiotemporal Transformer With Pericardial Adipose Tissue Embedding. IEEE transactions on medical imaging 2026. link 7 Yu LY, Xiang JY, Chen BH, An DA, Wu R, Shi RY et al.. Prognostic value of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based cardiac adipose tissue in arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy. Clinical radiology 2025. link 8 Jacquemyn X, Van den Eynde J, Zhan J, Doshi AN, Ravekes WJ, Gilotra NA et al.. Impaired Atrial and Ventricular Strain Predicts Heart Failure in Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy. The Canadian journal of cardiology 2025. link 9 Phadke K, D'Anna S, Torres Vega E, Xiao J, Lin X, Zhang M et al.. Atrial cardiomyopathy resulting from loss of plakophilin-2 expression: Response to adrenergic stimulation and implications for the exercise response. The Journal of physiology 2025. link 10 Sharifkazemi M, Hooshanginezhad Z, Ahmadi L, Jaladat M. Longitudinal strain in left ventricular non-compaction: insights derived from two-dimensional speckle-tracking echocardiography and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging strain. BMC cardiovascular disorders 2025. link 11 Li R, Zheng D, Lin C, Chen Y, Bai Y, Zhou N et al.. Characterization of a novel SCN5A mutation associated with long QT syndrome and arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy in a family. Forensic science, medicine, and pathology 2025. link 12 Carrick RT, Carruth ED, Gasperetti A, Murray B, Tichnell C, Gaine S et al.. Improved diagnosis of arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy using electrocardiographic deep learning. Heart rhythm 2025. link 13 Gomes Tinoco M, Castro M, Pinheiro L, Pereira T, Oliveira M, Ribeiro S et al.. "Hot phase" clinical presentation of biventricular arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy: when the perfect electrical storm spontaneously stops. Monaldi archives for chest disease = Archivio Monaldi per le malattie del torace 2025. link 14 Zankov DP, Batbaatar MA, Tsuchimochi H, Saito S, Zhu M, Fujihara Y et al.. Biventricular Dysfunction in Knock-in Mice With Dsg2 Variants Specific for Japanese Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy. Circulation journal : official journal of the Japanese Circulation Society 2025. link 15 Zhu Q, Zheng G, Lu Y, Jiang Y, Li Y, Chen H et al.. Proteomic screening of TMEM43 binding partners identifies VDAC leading to mitochondrial dysfunction. PloS one 2025. link 16 Kraszewska K, Janus-Ziółkowska I, Fox PR, Schober KE. Left ventricular non-compaction cardiomyopathy in eight guinea pigs (Caviaporcellus). Journal of veterinary cardiology : the official journal of the European Society of Veterinary Cardiology 2025. link 17 Chen L, Hu Y, Saguner AM, Bauce B, Liu Y, Shi A et al.. Natural History and Clinical Outcomes of Patients With . Circulation 2025. link 18 Zado ES, Garg L, Tschabrunn C, Santangeli P, Hyman M, Kumareswaran R et al.. Risk of atrial arrhythmias in patients with ventricular tachycardia in arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy. Heart rhythm 2024. link 19 Iqbal M, Kamarullah W, Achmad C, Karwiky G, Akbar MR. The pivotal role of compelling high-risk electrocardiographic markers in prediction of ventricular arrhythmic risk in arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Current problems in cardiology 2024. link 20 Dong Z, Ma X, Wang J, Yang S, Yu S, Song Y et al.. Incremental Diagnostic Value of Right Ventricular Strain Analysis in Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy. Journal of the American Heart Association 2024. link 21 De Lazzari M, Brunetti G, Frasson E, Zorzi A, Cipriani A, Migliore F et al.. Thinning of compact layer and systolic dysfunction in isolated left ventricular non-compaction: A cardiac magnetic resonance study. International journal of cardiology 2024. link 22 Fu M, Hua X, Shu S, Xu X, Zhang H, Peng Z et al.. Single-cell RNA sequencing in donor and end-stage heart failure patients identifies NLRP3 as a therapeutic target for arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy. BMC medicine 2024. link 23 Maigrot JA, Lee R, Higgins A, Mountis M, Unai S, Weiss AJ. Extended Duration Bridge to Orthotopic Heart Transplant Utilizing the Impella RP Flex. ASAIO journal (American Society for Artificial Internal Organs : 1992) 2024. link 24 Nakamura M, Imamura T, Hida Y, Izumida T, Nakagaito M, Nagura S et al.. Successful management of HeartMate 3 in a patient with arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy. Journal of artificial organs : the official journal of the Japanese Society for Artificial Organs 2024. link 25 Binzenhöfer L, Clauss S, Strauß K, Höpler J, Kraft M, Hoffmann S et al.. Lifetime cumulative activity burden is associated with symptomatic heart failure and arrhythmic risk in patients with arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy: a retrospective cohort study. Europace : European pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac electrophysiology : journal of the working groups on cardiac pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac cellular electrophysiology of the European Society of Cardiology 2024. link 26 Bourfiss M, Sander J, de Vos BD, Te Riele ASJM, Asselbergs FW, Išgum I et al.. Towards automatic classification of cardiovascular magnetic resonance Task Force Criteria for diagnosis of arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy. Clinical research in cardiology : official journal of the German Cardiac Society 2023. link 27 Wang W, Gasperetti A, Sears SF, Tichnell C, Murray B, Tandri H et al.. Subcutaneous and Transvenous Defibrillators in Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy: A Comparison of Clinical and Quality-of-Life Outcomes. JACC. Clinical electrophysiology 2023. link 28 Tadokoro N, Tonai K, Kainuma S, Kawamoto N, Kakuta T, Yanagino Y et al.. A unique cuff-sewing method to implant heartmate3 LVAD for arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy, facilitated by 3D-printing heart model. Journal of artificial organs : the official journal of the Japanese Society for Artificial Organs 2023. link 29 Ren J, Chen L, Chen X, Zhang N, Sun X, Song J. Acylation-stimulating protein and heart failure progression in arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy. ESC heart failure 2023. link 30 Pearman CM, Lee D, Davies B, Khan H, Tadros R, Cadrin-Tourigny J et al.. Incremental value of the signal-averaged ECG for diagnosing arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy. Heart rhythm 2023. link 31 Alblaihed L, Kositz C, Brady WJ, Al-Salamah T, Mattu A. Diagnosis and management of arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy. The American journal of emergency medicine 2023. link 32 Hanuna M, Kääb S, Hagl C, Mueller CS. Do it "RIGHT": HeartMate 3 as Destination Therapy Right Ventricular Assist Device in a Patient With Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy. ASAIO journal (American Society for Artificial Internal Organs : 1992) 2023. link 33 Olivetti NQS, Sacilotto L, Wulkan F, D'Arezzo Pessente G, Lombardi Peres de Carvalho M, Moleta D et al.. Clinical Features, Genetic Findings, and Risk Stratification in Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy: Data From a Brazilian Cohort. Circulation. Arrhythmia and electrophysiology 2023. link 34 Petruescu L, Lebreton G, Coutance G, Maupain C, Fressart V, Badenco N et al.. Clinical course of arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy with end-stage heart failure and outcome after heart transplantation. Archives of cardiovascular diseases 2023. link 35 Borowiec K, Woźniak O, Wróbel A, Śmigielski W, Skrzypczyńska-Banasik U, Kowalik E et al.. A new model for predicting adverse outcomes in arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy. Polish archives of internal medicine 2023. link 36 Luo FY, Chadha R, Osborne C, Kealey A. Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy (ARVC) in pregnancy: a case series of nine patients and review of literature. The journal of maternal-fetal & neonatal medicine : the official journal of the European Association of Perinatal Medicine, the Federation of Asia and Oceania Perinatal Societies, the International Society of Perinatal Obstetricians 2022. link 37 Christensen AH, Platonov PG, Jensen HK, Chivulescu M, Svensson A, Dahlberg P et al.. Genotype-phenotype correlation in arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy-risk of arrhythmias and heart failure. Journal of medical genetics 2022. link 38 Cunningham SM, Dos Santos L. Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy in dogs. Journal of veterinary cardiology : the official journal of the European Society of Veterinary Cardiology 2022. link 39 Holdt SL, Peckens NK, Rosenthal S, Cober R. Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy in Bulldogs: Evaluation of clinical and histopathologic features, progression, and outcome in 71 dogs (2004-2016). Journal of veterinary cardiology : the official journal of the European Society of Veterinary Cardiology 2022. link 40 Akdis D, Chen L, Saguner AM, Zhang N, Gawinecka J, Saleh L et al.. Novel plasma biomarkers predicting biventricular involvement in arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy. American heart journal 2022. link 41 Scheel PJ, Giuliano K, Tichnell C, James C, Murray B, Tandri H et al.. Heart transplantation strategies in arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy: a tertiary ARVC centre experience. ESC heart failure 2022. link 42 Tschabrunn CM, Zado ES, Schaller RD, Garcia FC, Kumareswaran R, Hsue W et al.. Isolated critical epicardial arrhythmogenic substrate abnormalities in patients with arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy and ventricular tachycardia. Heart rhythm 2022. link 43 Roudijk RW, Verheul L, Bosman LP, Bourfiss M, Breur JMPJ, Slieker MG et al.. Clinical Characteristics and Follow-Up of Pediatric-Onset Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy. JACC. Clinical electrophysiology 2022. link 44 Sharma C, Dorobantu DM, Ryding D, Perry D, McNally SR, Stuart AG et al.. Investigating the Accuracy of Quantitative Echocardiographic-Modified Task Force Criteria for Arrhythmogenic Ventricular Cardiomyopathy in Adolescent Male Elite Athletes. Pediatric cardiology 2022. link 45 Stämpfli SF, Gotschy A, Kiarostami P, Özkartal T, Gruner C, Niemann M et al.. Right ventricular involvement in left ventricular non-compaction cardiomyopathy. Cardiology journal 2022. link 46 Maitz TN, Gupta R, Persin K, Sundlof DW. Utilization of sacubitril-valsartan for right ventricular failure in a patient with arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy. Future cardiology 2022. link 47 Chen J, Ma Y, Li H, Lin Z, Yang Z, Zhang Q et al.. Rare and potential pathogenic mutations of LMNA and LAMA4 associated with familial arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy/dysplasia with right ventricular heart failure, cerebral thromboembolism and hereditary electrocardiogram abnormality. Orphanet journal of rare diseases 2022. link 48 Nakamura M, Imamura T, Fukui T, Kataoka N, Kinugawa K. Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy Accompanied by Chronic Myocarditis. Internal medicine (Tokyo, Japan) 2022. link 49 Giuliano K, Scheel P, Etchill E, Fraser CD, Suarez-Pierre A, Hsu S et al.. Heart transplantation outcomes in arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy: a contemporary national analysis. ESC heart failure 2022. link 50 Chen S, Chen L, Saguner AM, Chen K, Akdis D, Gasperetti A et al.. Novel Risk Prediction Model to Determine Adverse Heart Failure Outcomes in Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy. Journal of the American Heart Association 2022. link 51 Graziosi M, Ditaranto R, Rapezzi C, Pasquale F, Lovato L, Leone O et al.. Clinical presentations leading to arrhythmogenic left ventricular cardiomyopathy. Open heart 2022. link 52 Masaki K, Hashimoto T, Katsuki M, Ohtani K, Higo T, Ushijima T et al.. Fatal Pulmonary Hemorrhagic Infarction Caused by Pulmonary Vein Thrombotic Occlusion During Venoarterial Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation. International heart journal 2021. link 53 Simonato D, Ganau M, Feltracco P, Causin F, Munari M, Bortolato A. Mechanical thrombectomy in a pediatric patient with sedation aided by contralateral intra-arterial propofol injection: feasibility in an extreme condition. Child's nervous system : ChNS : official journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery 2021. link 54 Khosla J, Golamari R, Cai A, Benson J, Aronow WS, Jain R et al.. Evidence-based management of arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy in pregnancy. Future cardiology 2021. link 55 Fan P, Zhang Y, Lu YT, Yang KQ, Lu PP, Zhang QY et al.. Prognostic value of plasma big endothelin-1 in left ventricular non-compaction cardiomyopathy. Heart (British Cardiac Society) 2021. link 56 Kalantarian S, Åström Aneq M, Svetlichnaya J, Sharma S, Vittinghoff E, Klein L et al.. Long-Term Electrocardiographic and Echocardiographic Progression of Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy and Their Correlation With Ventricular Tachyarrhythmias. Circulation. Heart failure 2021. link 57 Domínguez F, Lalaguna L, López-Olañeta M, Villalba-Orero M, Padrón-Barthe L, Román M et al.. Early Preventive Treatment With Enalapril Improves Cardiac Function and Delays Mortality in Mice With Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy Type 5. Circulation. Heart failure 2021. link 58 Chung FP, Lin CY, Lin YJ, Chang SL, Lo LW, Hu YF et al.. Application of noninvasive signal-averaged electrocardiogram analysis in predicting the requirement of epicardial ablation in patients with arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy. Heart rhythm 2020. link 59 Todica A, Siebermair J, Schiller J, Zacherl MJ, Fendler WP, Massberg S et al.. Assessment of right ventricular sympathetic dysfunction in patients with arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy: An . Journal of nuclear cardiology : official publication of the American Society of Nuclear Cardiology 2020. link 60 Christiansen MK, Haugaa KH, Svensson A, Gilljam T, Madsen T, Hansen J et al.. Incidence, Predictors, and Success of Ventricular Tachycardia Catheter Ablation in Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy (from the Nordic ARVC Registry). The American journal of cardiology 2020. link 61 Kubala M, Xie S, Santangeli P, Garcia FC, Supple GE, Schaller RD et al.. Analysis of local ventricular repolarization using unipolar recordings in patients with arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy. Journal of interventional cardiac electrophysiology : an international journal of arrhythmias and pacing 2020. link 62 Prior D, La Gerche A. Exercise and Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy. Heart, lung & circulation 2020. link 63 Holshouser JW, Littmann L. Usefulness of the Electrocardiogram in Establishing the Diagnosis and Prognosis of Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy. The American journal of cardiology 2020. link 64 Vaidyanathan S, Kothandam S, Kumar R, Indrajith SD, Agarwal R. Cavopulmonary Anastomosis in a Patient With Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy With Severe Right Ventricular Dysfunction. World journal for pediatric & congenital heart surgery 2020. link 65 Wu L, Liang E, Fan S, Zheng L, Hu F, Liu S et al.. Effect of Pregnancy in Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy. The American journal of cardiology 2020. link 66 Scheel PJ, Florido R, Hsu S, Murray B, Tichnell C, James CA et al.. Safety and Utility of Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing in Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy/Dysplasia. Journal of the American Heart Association 2020. link 67 Santangeli P, Tung R, Xue Y, Chung FP, Lin YJ, Di Biase L et al.. Outcomes of Catheter Ablation in Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy Without Background Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator Therapy: A Multicenter International Ventricular Tachycardia Registry. JACC. Clinical electrophysiology 2019. link 68 James CA, Calkins H. Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy: Progress Toward Personalized Management. Annual review of medicine 2019. link 69 Cekirdekci EI, Bugan B. Can abnormal dispersion of ventricular repolarization be a predictor of mortality in arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy: The importance of Tp-e interval. Annals of noninvasive electrocardiology : the official journal of the International Society for Holter and Noninvasive Electrocardiology, Inc 2019. link 70 Czimbalmos C, Csecs I, Dohy Z, Toth A, Suhai FI, Müssigbrodt A et al.. Cardiac magnetic resonance based deformation imaging: role of feature tracking in athletes with suspected arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy. The international journal of cardiovascular imaging 2019. link 71 Mahida S, Venlet J, Saguner AM, Kumar S, Baldinger SH, AbdelWahab A et al.. Ablation compared with drug therapy for recurrent ventricular tachycardia in arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy: Results from a multicenter study. Heart rhythm 2019. link 72 Qasem M, George K, Somauroo J, Forsythe L, Brown B, Oxborough D. Right ventricular function in elite male athletes meeting the structural echocardiographic task force criteria for arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy. Journal of sports sciences 2019. link 73 Mast TP, Taha K, Cramer MJ, Lumens J, van der Heijden JF, Bouma BJ et al.. The Prognostic Value of Right Ventricular Deformation Imaging in Early Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy. JACC. Cardiovascular imaging 2019. link 74 Protonotarios A, Wicks E, Ashworth M, Stephenson E, Guttmann O, Savvatis K et al.. Prevalence of . International journal of cardiology 2019. link 75 Li S, Zhang C, Liu N, Bai H, Hou C, Song L et al.. Titin-truncating variants are associated with heart failure events in patients with left ventricular non-compaction cardiomyopathy. Clinical cardiology 2019. link 76 Chen L, Rao M, Chen X, Chen K, Ren J, Zhang N et al.. A founder homozygous DSG2 variant in East Asia results in ARVC with full penetrance and heart failure phenotype. International journal of cardiology 2019. link 77 Hermida A, Fressart V, Hidden-Lucet F, Donal E, Probst V, Deharo JC et al.. High risk of heart failure associated with desmoglein-2 mutations compared to plakophilin-2 mutations in arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy/dysplasia. European journal of heart failure 2019. link 78 Åström Aneq M, Maret E, Brudin L, Svensson A, Engvall J. Right ventricular systolic function and mechanical dispersion identify patients with arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy. Clinical physiology and functional imaging 2018. link 79 Bermúdez-Jiménez FJ, Carriel V, Brodehl A, Alaminos M, Campos A, Schirmer I et al.. Novel Desmin Mutation p.Glu401Asp Impairs Filament Formation, Disrupts Cell Membrane Integrity, and Causes Severe Arrhythmogenic Left Ventricular Cardiomyopathy/Dysplasia. Circulation 2018. link 80 Roberts WC, Kondapalli N, Hall SA. Usefulness of Total 12-Lead QRS Voltage for Diagnosis of Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy in Patients With Heart Failure Severe Enough to Warrant Orthotopic Heart Transplantation and Morphologic Illustration of Its Cardiac Diversity. The American journal of cardiology 2018. link 81 Pathak RK, Garcia FC. Ablation of Ventricular Tachycardia in Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Dysplasia. Cardiac electrophysiology clinics 2017. link 82 Leren IS, Saberniak J, Haland TF, Edvardsen T, Haugaa KH. Combination of ECG and Echocardiography for Identification of Arrhythmic Events in Early ARVC. JACC. Cardiovascular imaging 2017. link 83 Sušić L, Baraban V, Vincelj J, Maričić L, Ćatić J, Blažeković R et al.. Dilemma in clinical diagnosis of right ventricular masses. Journal of clinical ultrasound : JCU 2017. link 84 Chungsomprasong P, Hamilton R, Luining W, Fatah M, Yoo SJ, Grosse-Wortmann L. Left Ventricular Function in Children and Adolescents With Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy. The American journal of cardiology 2017. link 85 Ermakov S, Gerstenfeld EP, Svetlichnaya Y, Scheinman MM. Use of flecainide in combination antiarrhythmic therapy in patients with arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy. Heart rhythm 2017. link 86 Karlsson D, Engvall J, Ando AA, Aneq MÅ. Exercise testing for long-term follow-up in arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy. Journal of electrocardiology 2017. link 87 Rachoin R, Saleh BA, Mansour B, Rachwan RJ, AlJaroudi W. Arrhythmogenic ventricular cardiomyopathy and sudden cardiac death: Left or right?. Journal of nuclear cardiology : official publication of the American Society of Nuclear Cardiology 2017. link 88 Vila J, Pariaut R, Moïse NS, Oxford EM, Fox PR, Reynolds CA et al.. Structural and molecular pathology of the atrium in boxer arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy. Journal of veterinary cardiology : the official journal of the European Society of Veterinary Cardiology 2017. link 89 Wei W, Liao H, Xue Y, Fang X, Huang J, Liu Y et al.. Long-Term Outcomes of Radio-Frequency Catheter Ablation on Ventricular Tachycardias Due to Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy: A Single Center Experience. PloS one 2017. link 90 Kimura Y, Noda T, Matsuyama TA, Otsuka Y, Kamakura T, Wada M et al.. Heart failure in patients with arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy: What are the risk factors?. International journal of cardiology 2017. link 91 Gilotra NA, Bhonsale A, James CA, Te Riele ASJ, Murray B, Tichnell C et al.. Heart Failure Is Common and Under-Recognized in Patients With Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy/Dysplasia. Circulation. Heart failure 2017. link 92 Kato K, Takahashi N, Fujii Y, Umehara A, Nishiuchi S, Makiyama T et al.. LMNA cardiomyopathy detected in Japanese arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy cohort. Journal of cardiology 2016. link 93 Zorzi A, Rigato I, Pilichou K, Perazzolo Marra M, Migliore F, Mazzotti E et al.. Phenotypic expression is a prerequisite for malignant arrhythmic events and sudden cardiac death in arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy. Europace : European pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac electrophysiology : journal of the working groups on cardiac pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac cellular electrophysiology of the European Society of Cardiology 2016. link 94 Protonotarios A, Anastasakis A, Panagiotakos DB, Antoniades L, Syrris P, Vouliotis A et al.. Arrhythmic risk assessment in genotyped families with arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy. Europace : European pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac electrophysiology : journal of the working groups on cardiac pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac cellular electrophysiology of the European Society of Cardiology 2016. link 95 Batchvarov VN, Bastiaenen R, Postema PG, Clark EN, Macfarlane PW, Wilde AA et al.. Novel electrocardiographic criteria for the diagnosis of arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy. Europace : European pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac electrophysiology : journal of the working groups on cardiac pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac cellular electrophysiology of the European Society of Cardiology 2016. link 96 Etchegary H, Enright G, Audas R, Pullman D, Young TL, Hodgkinson K. Perceived economic burden associated with an inherited cardiac condition: a qualitative inquiry with families affected by arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy. Genetics in medicine : official journal of the American College of Medical Genetics 2016. link 97 Vigneault DM, te Riele AS, James CA, Zimmerman SL, Selwaness M, Murray B et al.. Right ventricular strain by MR quantitatively identifies regional dysfunction in patients with arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy. Journal of magnetic resonance imaging : JMRI 2016. link 98 Kant S, Krusche CA, Gaertner A, Milting H, Leube RE. Loss of plakoglobin immunoreactivity in intercalated discs in arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy: protein mislocalization versus epitope masking. Cardiovascular research 2016. link 99 Akdis D, Medeiros-Domingo A, Gaertner-Rommel A, Kast JI, Enseleit F, Bode P et al.. Myocardial expression profiles of candidate molecules in patients with arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy/dysplasia compared to those with dilated cardiomyopathy and healthy controls. Heart rhythm 2016. link 100 Hodes AR, Tichnell C, Te Riele AS, Murray B, Groeneweg JA, Sawant AC et al.. Pregnancy course and outcomes in women with arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy. Heart (British Cardiac Society) 2016. link