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Dentigerous cyst

Last edited: 4/16/2026

Overview

Dentigerous cysts are odontogenic cysts that typically arise from the crown of an unerupted tooth, most commonly an incisor or canine. They are usually asymptomatic until they reach a significant size, potentially causing jaw expansion and displacement of teeth 1.

Diagnosis

  • Clinical Presentation: Usually asymptomatic, but may present with swelling or jaw expansion 1.
  • Radiographic Imaging: Panoramic X-rays or CT scans reveal a well-defined radiolucent lesion associated with an unerupted tooth 1.
  • Histopathology: Definitive diagnosis through biopsy showing characteristic lining of stratified squamous epithelium 1.

    • Management

  • Enucleation and Curettage: Primary treatment involves surgical removal of the cyst lining and contents 1.
  • Adjunctive Root Canal Therapy: If the associated tooth is vital and involved, root canal treatment may be necessary 1.
  • Follow-Up: Regular radiographic follow-up to monitor for recurrence 1.

    • Special Populations

  • Pediatrics: Management principles similar to adults, but surgical techniques may need to be adapted for smaller jaws 1.

    • Key Recommendations

  • Perform radiographic imaging (panoramic X-ray or CT) for definitive diagnosis and assessment of lesion extent (Evidence: Moderate 1).
  • Enucleate the cyst and perform curettage as the primary surgical intervention (Evidence: Expert opinion 1).
  • Consider root canal therapy for the associated tooth if it is vital and involved (Evidence: Expert opinion 1).

    • References

    1 Awang MN, Siar CH. Dentigerous cyst due to mesiodens: report of two cases. Journal of the Irish Dental Association 1989. link

    Original source

    1. [1]
      Dentigerous cyst due to mesiodens: report of two cases. — Awang MN, Siar CH Journal of the Irish Dental Association (1989)
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