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Cardiology860 papers

Multiple congenital cardiac defects

Last edited: 4/23/2026

Overview

Congenital heart defects (CHD) encompass a wide range of structural abnormalities of the heart present at birth, affecting approximately 1 in 100 live births 1. These defects can be isolated or associated with other congenital anomalies, impacting both immediate and long-term health outcomes 1 14 18.

Diagnosis

Fetal Echocardiography: Essential for prenatal detection, performed by skilled operators, often including OB/GYN residents trained in fetal echocardiography 2 14.

Prenatal Imaging: Includes comprehensive screening methods such as ductus venosus assessment for early detection 33.

Postnatal Echocardiography: Confirmatory diagnostic tool for detailed cardiac structure and function evaluation 14.

Genetic Testing: Stepwise genetic testing integrated with prenatal imaging to identify genetic causes 20.

Environmental and Exposure Assessments: Evaluate maternal exposures to pollutants (e.g., particulate matter, metals) and infections 3 4 28 48.

Management

Surgical Interventions: Primary treatment for complex defects, including robot-assisted techniques for selected cases 10 11.

Cardiopulmonary Support: Use of advanced devices like KONAR-MF™ for catheterization procedures 5.

Postoperative Care: Focus on myocardial protection strategies, such as optimized cardioplegia techniques 45.

Neuromonitoring: Assess neurological outcomes using biomarkers like tau protein and myelin basic protein 44.

Long-Term Follow-Up: Regular evaluations for somatic development, neurodevelopmental outcomes, and cardiac function 12 18 34.

Special Populations

Pregnancy: Maternal exposures to environmental contaminants (e.g., PFAS, PAHs) and infections increase CHD risk 3 4 20 30.

Pediatrics: Early intervention and multidisciplinary care are crucial for optimal outcomes; consider neurodevelopmental screening 12 18 44.

Comorbidities: Increased risk of concurrent conditions like anorectal malformations and intellectual developmental disorders 17 22.

Key Recommendations

Implement Comprehensive Prenatal Screening: Include fetal echocardiography and genetic testing to diagnose CHD early 2 20 (Evidence: Strong)

Enhance Operator Training in Fetal Echocardiography: Ensure OB/GYN residents are proficient to improve detection rates 2 (Evidence: Moderate)

Monitor Maternal Environmental Exposures: Screen for exposures to pollutants and infections to mitigate CHD risk 3 4 28 (Evidence: Moderate)

Utilize Advanced Diagnostic Tools: Employ AI-based software and 3D echocardiography for enhanced accuracy in diagnosis 8 9 11 (Evidence: Moderate)

Integrate Multidisciplinary Care: Address both cardiac and neurodevelopmental aspects in pediatric patients post-surgery 12 44 (Evidence: Moderate)

References

Showing 100 most recent of 511 indexed papers.

1 Valdes C, Chiu JS, Ronai C, Haxel CS. Association Between Institutional Services and Counseling Options in Fetal Cardiology. Prenatal diagnosis 2026. link 2 Walter A, Gembruch U, Recker F. Medical education in fetal echocardiography for OB/GYN residents. European journal of obstetrics, gynecology, and reproductive biology 2026. link 3 Su H, Guo E, Woodward M, He JR, Waterboer T, Schuermans A et al.. First trimester maternal infections and offspring congenital heart defects: a meta-analysis. European heart journal 2026. link 4 Wei Y, Sun J, Wu Z, Teng L, Huang J, Jiao X et al.. Prenatal exposure to vanadium and lead and its impact on the risk of congenital heart defects in neonates: evidence from the Lanzhou Birth Cohort. Frontiers in public health 2026. link 5 Sasikumar N, Toshniwal P, Sastry UMK, Bakhru S, Mahimarangaiah J, Koneti NR et al.. Konar-MF ™: Versatile Utility Suggests Potential to Simplify Congenital Catheterization Laboratory Inventory. Pediatric cardiology 2026. link 6 Salem Y, Keizman E, Jacobson J, Goitein O, Katorza E, Kassif E et al.. Virtual Post Mortem in Fetuses and Newborns for the Verification of Congenital Heart Malformations. Pediatric cardiology 2026. link 7 Yang E, Bunnell ME, Adams S, Zielonka B, Hoffman-Sage Y. Theoretical Performance of Comprehensive Non-Invasive Prenatal Screening in Congenital Heart Defects. Prenatal diagnosis 2026. link 8 Lam-Rachlin J, Punn R, Behera SK, Geiger M, Lachaud M, David N et al.. Use of Artificial Intelligence-Based Software to Aid in the Identification of Ultrasound Findings Associated With Fetal Congenital Heart Defects. Obstetrics and gynecology 2026. link 9 Zelop CM, Lam-Rachlin J, Arunamata A, Punn R, Behera SK, Lachaud M et al.. Artificial Intelligence for the Detection of Fetal Ultrasound Findings Concerning for Major Congenital Heart Defects. Obstetrics and gynecology 2026. link 10 Kucera JA, Hughes F, Wolf SEM, Greenberg M, Jooste E, Mensah-Mamfo M et al.. Surgical and Anesthesia-Related Concerns forRobot-Assisted Pediatric Cardiac Surgery. Journal of cardiothoracic and vascular anesthesia 2026. link 11 Nocun A, Lewicki A, Dudzik M, Wegrzynowski J, Merta M, Bralewski P et al.. Standardized 2D Ultrasound Sequences for Fetal Cardiac Screening: A Platform for AI Integration. Echocardiography (Mount Kisco, N.Y.) 2026. link 12 Nizam R. Comment on "Severity of Congenital Heart Defects Affects Long-Term Somatic Development". Pediatric cardiology 2026. link 13 Freccero A, Rizzuto S, Johnson A, Hollander S, Sidell D. Feeding Interventions in Infants with Unilateral Vocal Fold Immobility Following Cardiac Surgery: A Retrospective Review Study. Pediatric cardiology 2026. link 14 Geiger MK, McBrien A, Hornberger LK, Moon-Grady AJ, Madan N, Carvalho JS et al.. Performance of Early Fetal Echocardiography: An Expert Statement from the Fetal Heart Society. Journal of the American Society of Echocardiography : official publication of the American Society of Echocardiography 2026. link 15 Laternser C, Anderson BR, Yee LM, Grobman WA, Batton B, Knepp MD et al.. Individual Risk Versus Population Incidence: A Case Example With Congenital Heart Defects. Academic pediatrics 2026. link 16 Cen R, Su LJ, Ying J, Orloff MS, Bolin EH, Lou X et al.. Maternal Myo-Inositol Intake and Congenital Heart Defects in Offspring: A Population-Based Case-Control Study. BJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology 2026. link 17 Sehdev S, Zaparackaite I, Bellsham-Revell H, Thakkar H. Quantifying the impact of congenital cardiac co-morbidities on anorectal malformations. Journal of pediatric surgery 2026. link 18 Kiess A, Bimboese P, Gausche R, Beger C, Meigen C, Vogel M et al.. Severity of Congenital Heart Defects Affects Long-Term Somatic Development. Pediatric cardiology 2026. link 19 Isgrò G, Giamberti A, Costa E, Mannarino S, Chillemi C, Garella V et al.. Cardiac troponin T measurement following cardiac surgery in children with congenital heart defects predicts adverse outcomes. Clinical chemistry and laboratory medicine 2026. link 20 Tseng JJ, Jan SL. Integrative prenatal imaging and genomic testing in fetal congenital heart defects: Insights from a 30-year retrospective study. Taiwanese journal of obstetrics & gynecology 2026. link 21 Stephens SB, Tsang R, Li R, Cazaban-Ganduglia C, Agopian AJ, Morris SA. Congenital Heart Defects and Concurrent Diagnoses in Influenza Hospitalization in the Pediatric Health Information System Study, 2004-2019. Pediatric cardiology 2025. link 22 Solovieva T, Bronner ME. Congenital heart defects differ following left versus right avian cardiac neural crest ablation. Developmental biology 2025. link 23 Woo JL, Gandhi R, Burton S, Sivakumar A, Spiewak S, Wakulski R et al.. Perspectives of Challenges in Counseling for Congenital Heart Defects. Pediatric cardiology 2025. link 24 Brun H, Lippert M, Langø T, Sanchez-Margallo J, Sanchez-Margallo F, Elle OJ. Comparing assisting technologies for proficiency in cardiac morphology: 3D printing and mixed reality versus CT slice images for morphological understanding of congenital heart defects by medical students. Anatomical sciences education 2025. link 25 Zhen S, Zheng L, Li Q, Yin Z, Cui H, Li Y et al.. Maternal green space exposure and congenital heart defects: A population-based study. Environmental research 2025. link 26 Nguyen H, Desgrange A, Ochandorena-Saa A, Benhamo V, Bernheim S, Houyel L et al.. Deep learning-based detection of murine congenital heart defects from µCT scans. Communications biology 2025. link 27 Goo HW. Pediatric three-dimensional quantitative cardiovascular computed tomography. Pediatric radiology 2025. link 28 Li Z, Wang D, Jin L, Zhang J, Xue T, Jin L. Maternal exposure to fine particulate matter in the air and risk for fetal congenital heart defects: A case-control study. Reproductive toxicology (Elmsford, N.Y.) 2025. link 29 de Beaufort CMC, Mackay TM, Stevens MF, Polderman JAW, de Jong JR, van der Hulst AE et al.. Congenital Heart Defects in Patients with Anorectal Malformations: A Retrospective Cohort Study of 281 Patients. Pediatric cardiology 2025. link 30 Patel J, Weber K, Upadhyay R, Nembhard WN. Environmental Contaminants and Congenital Heart Defects: Focus on PFAS, PAHs, and Other Emerging Exposures. Clinical chemistry 2025. link 31 Faultersack J, Johnstad CM, Zhang X, Greco M, Hokanson JS. Follow-Up of Secundum ASD, Muscular VSD, or PDA Diagnosed During Neonatal Hospitalization. Pediatric cardiology 2025. link 32 Wang Y, Ruan Y, Wan X, Wang H, Guo J, Wei J et al.. Maternal exposure to ambient ozone and fetal congenital heart defects: a national multicenter study in China. Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology 2025. link 33 Gondko D, Dębiec P, Roman J, Pietrzak N, Kocot K, Kusa J. Galectin-3: Heart failure biomarker in pediatric heart defects. Cardiology journal 2025. link 34 Perlow G, Kochilas L. Long-Term Outcomes After Interventions for Infants with Congenital Heart Defects. Clinics in perinatology 2025. link 35 Birbach M, Fedorowicz M, Gałkowska EM, Powirska A, Kozłowski M, Mozol K et al.. Using cryopreserved allogeneic pericardium to repair congenital heart defects in children. Cell and tissue banking 2024. link 36 Nie Z, Xu H, Qiu M, Liu M, Chu C, Bloom MS et al.. Associations of maternal exposure to multiple plasma trace elements with the prevalence of fetal congenital heart defects: A nested case-control study. The Science of the total environment 2024. link 37 Girdhar A, Ewer AK. Pulse Oximetry Screening for Critical Congenital Heart Defects in Newborn Babies. Critical care nursing clinics of North America 2024. link 38 Pezzato S, Govindan RB, Bagnasco F, Panagopoulos EM, Robba C, Beqiri E et al.. Cerebral autoregulation monitoring using the cerebral oximetry index after neonatal cardiac surgery: A single-center retrospective cohort study. The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery 2024. link 39 Wang H, Ruan YP, Ma S, Wang YQ, Wan XY, He YH et al.. Interaction between ozone and paternal smoking on fetal congenital heart defects among pregnant women at high risk: a multicenter maternal-fetal medicine study. World journal of pediatrics : WJP 2024. link 40 Medjedovic E, Begic Z, Stanojevic M, Aziri B, Begic E, Djukic M et al.. Left atrial strain in fetal echocardiography - could it be introduced to everyday clinical practice?. Journal of perinatal medicine 2024. link 41 Patel J, Politis MD, Howley MM, Browne ML, Bolin EH, Ailes EC et al.. Fever and antibiotic use in maternal urinary tract infections during pregnancy and risk of congenital heart defects: Findings from the National Birth Defects Prevention Study. Birth defects research 2024. link 42 Wojciechowska K, Kwaśny M, Pietrzyk A, Lejman M. Deciphering congenital heart defects, facial dysmorphism and intellectual developmental disorder (CHDFIDD) associated with constitutional CDK13 pathogenic variants - case report and literature review. Annals of agricultural and environmental medicine : AAEM 2024. link 43 Woo JL, Burton S, Iyengar T, Sivakumar A, Spiewak S, Wakulski R et al.. Patient-reported barriers to prenatal diagnosis of congenital heart defects: A mixed-methods study. Prenatal diagnosis 2024. link 44 Chiperi LE, Tecar C, Huţanu A. Serum tau protein and myelin basic protein in pediatric patients with congenital heart defects undergoing cardiac surgery: preliminary assessment as novel neuromarkers of brain injury. Irish journal of medical science 2024. link 45 Drury NE. Myocardial protection in paediatric cardiac surgery: building an evidence-based strategy. Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England 2024. link 46 Kayoum AA, Rivera Flores E, Reyes M, Almasarweh SI, Ojito J, Burke RP et al.. Safety of bloodless open-heart surgery on cardiopulmonary bypass in selected children: A single center experience with minimal invasive extracorporeal circulation. Perfusion 2024. link 47 Fischer E, Gebremeskel M, Jawed KJ, Ozturk M, Cleary K, Yerebakan C. Development and assessment of novel assist device for cardiac cannulation. International journal of computer assisted radiology and surgery 2024. link 48 Chang YC, Lin YT, Jung CR, Chen KW, Hwang BF. Maternal exposure to fine particulate matter and congenital heart defects during preconception and pregnancy period: A cohort-based case-control study in the Taiwan maternal and child health database. Environmental research 2023. link 49 Sylwestrzak O, Strzelecka I, Silverman NH, Respondek-Liberska M. Functional assessment of atrial wall excursion and foramen ovale flap tracings in 3rd trimester as predictor of short-term hemodynamic stability in congenital heart defects fetuses. Journal of perinatal medicine 2023. link 50 DeVore GR, Cuneo B, Sklansky M, Satou G. Abnormalities of the Width of the Four-Chamber View and the Area, Length, and Width of the Ventricles to Identify Fetuses at High-Risk for D-Transposition of the Great Arteries and Tetralogy of Fallot. Journal of ultrasound in medicine : official journal of the American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine 2023. link 51 Turgut E, Özdemir H, Turan G, Karcaaltıncaba D, Bayram M. Evaluation of Intracranial Structures of Fetuses With Congenital Heart Defects. Journal of ultrasound in medicine : official journal of the American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine 2023. link 52 van der Ven JPG, van Genuchten W, Sadighy Z, Valsangiacomo Buechel ER, Sarikouch S, Boersma E et al.. Multivendor Evaluation of Automated MRI Postprocessing of Biventricular Size and Function for Children With and Without Congenital Heart Defects. Journal of magnetic resonance imaging : JMRI 2023. link 53 Savoia F, Scala C, Coppola M, Riemma G, Vitale SG, Mikuš M et al.. The diagnostic performance of the ductus venosus for the detection of cardiac defects in the first trimester: a systematic review and diagnostic test accuracy meta-analysis. Archives of gynecology and obstetrics 2023. link 54 Jiang SL, Zhan YJ, Yan P, Yue Y, Tang J. Pulse Oximetry and Perfusion Index Screening for Congenital Heart Defects: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. American journal of perinatology 2023. link 55 Wang H, Xiao F, Qian Y, Wu B, Dong X, Lu Y et al.. Genetic architecture in neonatal intensive care unit patients with congenital heart defects: a retrospective study from the China Neonatal Genomes Project. Journal of medical genetics 2023. link 56 Watkins S, Kemper AR, D'Ottavio A, Hoffman TM, Hartman RJ, Sang CJ et al.. Third-Grade Academic Performance and Episodes of Cardiac Care Among Children with Congenital Heart Defects. Pediatric cardiology 2023. link 57 Mahadevan A, Tipler A, Jones H. Shared developmental pathways of the placenta and fetal heart. Placenta 2023. link 58 Trabulsi JC, Lessen R, Siemienski K, Delahanty MT, Rickman R, Papas MA et al.. Relationship Between Human Milk Feeding Patterns and Growth in the First Year of Life in Infants with Congenital Heart Defects. Pediatric cardiology 2023. link 59 Steger C, Feldmann M, Borns J, Hagmann C, Latal B, Held U et al.. Neurometabolic changes in neonates with congenital heart defects and their relation to neurodevelopmental outcome. Pediatric research 2023. link 60 Alnajjar AA, Salem SS, Baangood LS, Al-Mutairi MB, Morsy MF, Al-Muhaya M et al.. The Outcome of Congenital Cardiac Surgery in Patients with Down Syndrome: Single-Center Experience. The heart surgery forum 2023. link 61 Casani A, Tozzi N, Cocca F. The impact of neonatologist performed echocardiography in an Italian neonatal unit. Journal of neonatal-perinatal medicine 2022. link 62 Remmele J, Westphal DS, Unterleitner C, Becker R, Oberhoffer-Fritz R, Hager A et al.. Do children with congenital heart defects meet the vaccination recommendations? Immunisation in children with congenital heart defects. Cardiology in the young 2022. link 63 Promm M, Gerling S, Schepp CP, Rösch WH. Congenital Heart Defects in Patients with Classic Bladder Exstrophy: A Hitherto Neglected Association?. European journal of pediatric surgery : official journal of Austrian Association of Pediatric Surgery ... [et al] = Zeitschrift fur Kinderchirurgie 2022. link 64 Wang M, Tian Y, Yu P, Li N, Deng Y, Li L et al.. Association between congenital heart defects and maternal manganese and iron concentrations: a case-control study in China. Environmental science and pollution research international 2022. link 65 Lindberg L. Long-Term Follow-Up of Pediatric Patients with Severe Postoperative Pulmonary Hypertension After Correction of Congenital Heart Defects. Pediatric cardiology 2022. link 66 Bolkier Y, Barel O, Marek-Yagel D, Atias-Varon D, Kagan M, Vardi A et al.. Whole-exome sequencing reveals a monogenic cause in 56% of individuals with laterality disorders and associated congenital heart defects. Journal of medical genetics 2022. link 67 Dumeny L, Chantra M, Langaee T, Duong BQ, Zambrano DH, Han F et al.. β1-receptor polymorphisms and junctional ectopic tachycardia in children after cardiac surgery. Clinical and translational science 2022. link 68 Simeone RM, Downing KF, Bobo WV, Grosse SD, Khanna AD, Farr SL. Post-traumatic stress disorder, anxiety, and depression among adults with congenital heart defects. Birth defects research 2022. link 69 Klarare A, Carlsson T, Mattsson E. Belonging to a community of care: Mothers' experiences of online peer support groups for parents having lost a child with congenital heart defects. Death studies 2022. link 70 Simmons W, Lin S, Luben TJ, Sheridan SC, Langlois PH, Shaw GM et al.. Modeling complex effects of exposure to particulate matter and extreme heat during pregnancy on congenital heart defects: A U.S. population-based case-control study in the National Birth Defects Prevention Study. The Science of the total environment 2022. link 71 An K, Li S, Yan J, Wang X, Hua Z. Minimal Right Vertical Infra-axillary Incision for Repair of Congenital Heart Defects. The Annals of thoracic surgery 2022. link 72 Carmant LS, Boucoiran I, Mathe M, Boutin C, Birca A, Morin L. Prenatal markers of atypical neurodevelopment in children with congenital heart defects. The journal of maternal-fetal & neonatal medicine : the official journal of the European Association of Perinatal Medicine, the Federation of Asia and Oceania Perinatal Societies, the International Society of Perinatal Obstetricians 2022. link 73 Ahmad A, Fitzgerald-Butt SM, Ware SM, Ison HE, Elmore LR, Helm BM. Assessing genetic counselors' graduate school education and training in congenital heart defects. Journal of genetic counseling 2022. link 74 Talebi T, Mohsen-Pour N, Hesami M, Maleki M, Kalayinia S. The association between in vitro fertilization and intracytoplasmic sperm injection treatment and the risk of congenital heart defects. The journal of maternal-fetal & neonatal medicine : the official journal of the European Association of Perinatal Medicine, the Federation of Asia and Oceania Perinatal Societies, the International Society of Perinatal Obstetricians 2022. link 75 Turan S, Asoglu MR, Ozdemir H, Seger L, Turan OM. Accuracy of the Standardized Early Fetal Heart Assessment in Excluding Major Congenital Heart Defects in High-Risk Population: A Single-Center Experience. Journal of ultrasound in medicine : official journal of the American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine 2022. link 76 Asoglu MR, Cutting EM, Ozdemir H, Higgs AS, Siegel GB, Turan OM et al.. The rate of undetectable genetic causes by Cell-free DNA test in congenital heart defects. The journal of maternal-fetal & neonatal medicine : the official journal of the European Association of Perinatal Medicine, the Federation of Asia and Oceania Perinatal Societies, the International Society of Perinatal Obstetricians 2022. link 77 Digilio MC, Calcagni G, Gnazzo M, Versacci P, Dentici ML, Capolino R et al.. Congenital heart defects in molecularly confirmed KBG syndrome patients. American journal of medical genetics. Part A 2022. link 78 Monteiro M, Aires T, Pimentel K, Pedrosa K, Lima S, Aquino M et al.. Ultrasonographic evaluation of the fetal thymic-thoracic ratio and its association with conotruncal heart defects. Journal of gynecology obstetrics and human reproduction 2022. link 79 Zhang S, Liu X, Yang T, Wang T, Chen L, Qin J. Association of maternal dietary habits and ADIPOQ gene polymorphisms with the risk of congenital heart defects in offspring: a hospital-based case-control study. European journal of clinical nutrition 2022. link 80 Hunter JD, Hancko A, Shakya P, Hill R, Saviola AJ, Hansen KC et al.. Characterization of decellularized left and right ventricular myocardial matrix hydrogels and their effects on cardiac progenitor cells. Journal of molecular and cellular cardiology 2022. link 81 Cruz-Lemini M, Nieto-Castro B, Luna-Garcia J, Juarez-Martinez I, Martínez-Rivera M, Bermudez-Rojas ML et al.. Prenatal diagnosis of congenital heart defects: experience of the first Fetal Cardiology Unit in Mexico. The journal of maternal-fetal & neonatal medicine : the official journal of the European Association of Perinatal Medicine, the Federation of Asia and Oceania Perinatal Societies, the International Society of Perinatal Obstetricians 2021. link 82 Puia-Dumitrescu M, Sullivan LN, Tanaka D, Fisher K, Pittman R, Kumar KR et al.. Survival, Morbidities, and Developmental Outcomes among Low Birth Weight Infants with Congenital Heart Defects. American journal of perinatology 2021. link 83 Zhang R, Guo L, Zhao D, Qu P, Dang S, Yan H. Maternal B-vitamin intake and B-vitamin supplementation during pregnancy in relation to neonatal congenital heart defects: a case-control study with propensity score matching. European journal of clinical nutrition 2021. link 84 De Vries C, Gadzhanova S, Sykes MJ, Ward M, Roughead E. A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Considering the Risk for Congenital Heart Defects of Antidepressant Classes and Individual Antidepressants. Drug safety 2021. link 85 Tonismae T, Kline JH, Choe JJ, Schubert F, Tuuli M, Shanks A. Anatomical Survey Versus Fetal Echocardiograms for Diagnosis of Cardiac Defects with a Single Umbilical Artery Cases: A Retrospective Cohort Study and Diagnostic Meta-analysis. Journal of ultrasound in medicine : official journal of the American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine 2021. link 86 Lou XY, Hou TT, Liu SY, Xu HM, Lin F, Tang X et al.. Innovative approach to identify multigenomic and environmental interactions associated with birth defects in family-based hybrid designs. Genetic epidemiology 2021. link 87 Sun KP, Xu N, Huang ST, Cao H, Chen Q. Health-Related Quality of Life in Children and Adolescents with Simple Congenital Heart Defects before and after Transcatheter Intervention Therapy: A Single-Center Study. Annals of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery : official journal of the Association of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgeons of Asia 2021. link 88 Tarkowska A, Furmaga-Jabłońska W. Is N-terminal pro-brain type natriuretic peptide a useful marker in newborns with heart defects?. Advances in clinical and experimental medicine : official organ Wroclaw Medical University 2021. link 89 Thomford NE, Bope CD, Agamah FE, Dzobo K, Owusu Ateko R, Chimusa E et al.. Implementing Artificial Intelligence and Digital Health in Resource-Limited Settings? Top 10 Lessons We Learned in Congenital Heart Defects and Cardiology. Omics : a journal of integrative biology 2020. link 90 Yu D, Sui L, Zhang N. Performance of First-Trimester Fetal Echocardiography in Diagnosing Fetal Heart Defects: Meta-analysis and Systematic Review. Journal of ultrasound in medicine : official journal of the American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine 2020. link 91 Majnemer A, Rohlicek C, Dahan-Oliel N, Sahakian S, Mazer B, Maltais DB et al.. Participation in leisure activities in adolescents with congenital heart defects. Developmental medicine and child neurology 2020. link 92 Le Fevre A, Baptista J, Ellard S, Overton T, Oliver A, Gradhand E et al.. Compound heterozygous Pkd1l1 variants in a family with two fetuses affected by heterotaxy and complex Chd. European journal of medical genetics 2020. link 93 Zhao L, Chen L, Yang T, Wang L, Wang T, Zhang S et al.. Parental smoking and the risk of congenital heart defects in offspring: An updated meta-analysis of observational studies. European journal of preventive cardiology 2020. link 94 Meisner JK, Martin DM. Congenital heart defects in CHARGE: The molecular role of CHD7 and effects on cardiac phenotype and clinical outcomes. American journal of medical genetics. Part C, Seminars in medical genetics 2020. link 95 Lin AE, Santoro S, High FA, Goldenberg P, Gutmark-Little I. Congenital heart defects associated with aneuploidy syndromes: New insights into familiar associations. American journal of medical genetics. Part C, Seminars in medical genetics 2020. link 96 Raskind-Hood C, Saraf A, Riehle-Colarusso T, Glidewell J, Gurvitz M, Dunn JE et al.. Assessing Pregnancy, Gestational Complications, and Co-morbidities in Women With Congenital Heart Defects (Data from ICD-9-CM Codes in 3 US Surveillance Sites). The American journal of cardiology 2020. link 97 Ali U, Goldenberg N, Foreman C, Crawford Lynn L, Honjo O, O'Leary J et al.. Association Between Cyanosis, Transfusion, and Thrombotic Complications in Neonates and Children Undergoing Cardiac Surgery. Journal of cardiothoracic and vascular anesthesia 2020. link 98 Inversetti A, Fesslova V, Deprest J, Candiani M, Giorgione V, Cavoretto P. Prenatal Growth in Fetuses with Isolated Cyanotic and Non-Cyanotic Congenital Heart Defects. Fetal diagnosis and therapy 2020. link 99 Yang J, Kang Y, Cheng Y, Zeng L, Shen Y, Shi G et al.. Iron intake and iron status during pregnancy and risk of congenital heart defects: A case-control study. International journal of cardiology 2020. link 100 Ren F, Ji C, Huang Y, Aniagu S, Jiang Y, Chen T. AHR-mediated ROS production contributes to the cardiac developmental toxicity of PM2.5 in zebrafish embryos. The Science of the total environment 2020. link

Original source

[1]
Association Between Institutional Services and Counseling Options in Fetal Cardiology. — Valdes C, Chiu JS, Ronai C, Haxel CS Prenatal diagnosis (2026)
[2]
Medical education in fetal echocardiography for OB/GYN residents. — Walter A, Gembruch U, Recker F European journal of obstetrics, gynecology, and reproductive biology (2026)
[3]
First trimester maternal infections and offspring congenital heart defects: a meta-analysis. — Su H, Guo E, Woodward M, He JR, Waterboer T, Schuermans A et al. European heart journal (2026)
[4]
Prenatal exposure to vanadium and lead and its impact on the risk of congenital heart defects in neonates: evidence from the Lanzhou Birth Cohort. — Wei Y, Sun J, Wu Z, Teng L, Huang J, Jiao X et al. Frontiers in public health (2026)
[5]
Konar-MF ™: Versatile Utility Suggests Potential to Simplify Congenital Catheterization Laboratory Inventory. — Sasikumar N, Toshniwal P, Sastry UMK, Bakhru S, Mahimarangaiah J, Koneti NR et al. Pediatric cardiology (2026)
[6]
Virtual Post Mortem in Fetuses and Newborns for the Verification of Congenital Heart Malformations. — Salem Y, Keizman E, Jacobson J, Goitein O, Katorza E, Kassif E et al. Pediatric cardiology (2026)
[7]
Theoretical Performance of Comprehensive Non-Invasive Prenatal Screening in Congenital Heart Defects. — Yang E, Bunnell ME, Adams S, Zielonka B, Hoffman-Sage Y Prenatal diagnosis (2026)
[8]
Use of Artificial Intelligence-Based Software to Aid in the Identification of Ultrasound Findings Associated With Fetal Congenital Heart Defects. — Lam-Rachlin J, Punn R, Behera SK, Geiger M, Lachaud M, David N et al. Obstetrics and gynecology (2026)
[9]
Artificial Intelligence for the Detection of Fetal Ultrasound Findings Concerning for Major Congenital Heart Defects. — Zelop CM, Lam-Rachlin J, Arunamata A, Punn R, Behera SK, Lachaud M et al. Obstetrics and gynecology (2026)
[10]
Surgical and Anesthesia-Related Concerns forRobot-Assisted Pediatric Cardiac Surgery. — Kucera JA, Hughes F, Wolf SEM, Greenberg M, Jooste E, Mensah-Mamfo M et al. Journal of cardiothoracic and vascular anesthesia (2026)
[11]
Standardized 2D Ultrasound Sequences for Fetal Cardiac Screening: A Platform for AI Integration. — Nocun A, Lewicki A, Dudzik M, Wegrzynowski J, Merta M, Bralewski P et al. Echocardiography (Mount Kisco, N.Y.) (2026)
[12]
Comment on "Severity of Congenital Heart Defects Affects Long-Term Somatic Development". — Nizam R Pediatric cardiology (2026)
[13]
Feeding Interventions in Infants with Unilateral Vocal Fold Immobility Following Cardiac Surgery: A Retrospective Review Study. — Freccero A, Rizzuto S, Johnson A, Hollander S, Sidell D Pediatric cardiology (2026)
[14]
Performance of Early Fetal Echocardiography: An Expert Statement from the Fetal Heart Society. — Geiger MK, McBrien A, Hornberger LK, Moon-Grady AJ, Madan N, Carvalho JS et al. Journal of the American Society of Echocardiography : official publication of the American Society of Echocardiography (2026)
[15]
Individual Risk Versus Population Incidence: A Case Example With Congenital Heart Defects. — Laternser C, Anderson BR, Yee LM, Grobman WA, Batton B, Knepp MD et al. Academic pediatrics (2026)
[16]
Maternal Myo-Inositol Intake and Congenital Heart Defects in Offspring: A Population-Based Case-Control Study. — Cen R, Su LJ, Ying J, Orloff MS, Bolin EH, Lou X et al. BJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology (2026)
[17]
Quantifying the impact of congenital cardiac co-morbidities on anorectal malformations. — Sehdev S, Zaparackaite I, Bellsham-Revell H, Thakkar H Journal of pediatric surgery (2026)
[18]
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