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Cardiology2220 papers

Non-cardiogenic pulmonary edema

Last edited: 29 days ago

Overview

Non-cardiogenic pulmonary edema (NCPE) is characterized by acute respiratory distress with bilateral pulmonary infiltrates not attributable to cardiac causes, often resulting from non-cardiovascular etiologies such as sepsis, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), or fluid overload in critically ill patients. 25 30

Diagnosis

Clinical Presentation: Bilateral pulmonary infiltrates on imaging, hypoxemia, and no evidence of cardiomegaly or signs of left ventricular dysfunction. 25

Exclusion of Cardiogenic Causes: Echocardiography to rule out elevated pulmonary capillary wedge pressure and normal or near-normal left ventricular function. 25

Laboratory Tests: Elevated inflammatory markers, arterial blood gas analysis showing hypoxemia, and possibly elevated B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) levels if fluid overload is suspected. 30

Imaging: Chest X-ray or CT showing bilateral infiltrates without cardiomegaly. 25

Management

Fluid Management: Careful fluid balance, diuresis if fluid overload is present. 25

Mechanical Ventilation: Optimize ventilatory settings to minimize ventilator-induced lung injury. 30

Supportive Care: Oxygen therapy, prone positioning in severe cases of ARDS. 30

Targeted Therapy: Address underlying cause (e.g., antibiotics for infection, corticosteroids for severe ARDS). 25 30

Mechanical Circulatory Support: Rarely indicated unless there is concurrent cardiogenic shock; consider VA-ECMO in refractory cases. 30 49

Special Populations

Pregnancy: Management focuses on addressing underlying causes while minimizing risks to both mother and fetus; close monitoring of fluid status and respiratory function. 68

Elderly: Increased vigilance for comorbidities and polypharmacy effects; tailored fluid management and supportive care. 44

Comorbidities: Specific management adjustments based on coexisting conditions (e.g., liver cirrhosis impacting outcomes). 64

Key Recommendations

Exclude Cardiogenic Causes: Use echocardiography to rule out elevated pulmonary capillary wedge pressure and cardiac dysfunction. (Evidence: Moderate 25)

Target Underlying Etiology: Initiate specific treatments addressing the primary cause (e.g., antibiotics for infection, corticosteroids for severe ARDS). (Evidence: Moderate 25 30)

Optimize Fluid Balance: Implement careful fluid management and diuresis if fluid overload is present to prevent worsening pulmonary edema. (Evidence: Moderate 25)

References

Showing 100 most recent of 888 indexed papers.

1 Goel V, Chan W, Tan J, Lo S, Nelson AJ, Stub D et al.. Will Dynamic Evaluation of Cardiogenic Shock Using Machine Learning Models Lead to Improved Survival?. Heart, lung & circulation 2026. link 2 Senman B, Sinha SS, Truesdell AG, Safiriyu I, Drakos S, Dupont AG et al.. Towards an understanding of best practice: The good, the bad and the future of cardiogenic shock teams. American heart journal 2026. link 3 Godding M, Haji M, Vargas I, Mehta C, Kataria R. Optimizing Patient Selection, Referral Timing, and Advanced Therapies in Cardiogenic Shock. Heart failure clinics 2026. link 4 Grand J, Freund A, Møller JE. Best of European Heart Journal-Acute Cardiovascular Care (2024-25): cardiogenic shock and mechanical circulatory support. European heart journal. Acute cardiovascular care 2026. link 5 Shin H, Kim J, Hong D, Bak M, Kim D, Choi JO et al.. Clinical Significance of Change in Left Atrial Strain during Weaning from Venoarterial Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation. Journal of the American Society of Echocardiography : official publication of the American Society of Echocardiography 2026. link 6 Filipescu R, Collins SP, Radu RI, Ben Gal T, Antohi L, Abdelhamid M et al.. Therapeutic Advances in the Management of Cardiogenic Shock. American journal of therapeutics 2026. link 7 Ahmed U, Kim C, Sharkey A, Laham R, Mahmood F, Liu DC. Urgent Transcatheter Edge-To-Edge Mitral Valve Repair in Cardiogenic Shock: A Case Series. A&A practice 2026. link 8 Carnicelli AP, Sinha SS, Li S, Li B, Esposito M, Kataria R et al.. Outcomes with Impella CP in acute myocardial infarction vs heart failure cardiogenic shock: Insights from the Cardiogenic Shock Working Group. The Journal of heart and lung transplantation : the official publication of the International Society for Heart Transplantation 2026. link 9 Zhang Y, Karimov JH, Hsu PL, Wu T, Chen S. Temporary circulatory support for cardiogenic shock: technology overview and limitations. Expert review of medical devices 2026. link 10 Parlow S, Jung RG, Almoosawy SA, Lepage-Ratte MF, Durr M, Mathieu ME et al.. Prognostic Factors Among Patients Receiving Microaxial Flow Pump for Acute Myocardial Infarction-Related Cardiogenic Shock: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Critical care medicine 2026. link 11 Dahiya G, Bohman JK, Tonna JE, Hillerson DB, Augustin KJ, Yalamuri SM et al.. Acid-Base Status During Venoarterial Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenator Support in Patients With Cardiogenic Shock. Journal of the American Heart Association 2026. link 12 Antonopoulos M, Koliopoulou A, Elaiopoulos D, Kolovou K, Doubou D, Smyrli A et al.. Central versus peripheral VA ECMO for cardiogenic shock: an 8-year experience of a tertiary cardiac surgery center in Greece. Hellenic journal of cardiology : HJC = Hellenike kardiologike epitheorese 2026. link 13 Ortega-Hernández JA, Chacon-Lozsan FJ, Baldetti L, Gallone G, Bocchino PP, Cacioli G et al.. Pulmonary Artery Catheter Monitoring in Cardiogenic Shock: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Shock (Augusta, Ga.) 2026. link 14 Yamamoto M, Ino Y, Mori K, Maruyama Y, Ishii Y, Ishikawa M et al.. Circulatory Management with Impella Assistance during Off-Pump Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting for Cardiogenic Shock: A Report of Two Cases. Journal of Nippon Medical School = Nippon Ika Daigaku zasshi 2026. link 15 Yang C, Feng I, Kurlansky P, Fidlow K, Mullin DA, Yuzefpolskaya M et al.. Outcomes of emergency medical service transport on venoarterial extracorporeal life support in cardiogenic shock. Perfusion 2026. link 16 Sharif S, Wang K, Basmaji J, Ablordeppey E, Díaz-Gómez JL, Lanspa M et al.. Critical Care Ultrasonography for Cardiogenic Shock: A Scoping Review. Critical care explorations 2026. link 17 Es-Saad O, Ng W, Messina A, Chew MS. Current perspectives in cardiogenic shock. Journal of critical care 2026. link 18 Ng GWY, Low CJW, Ng KJ, Ling RR, Chan SP, Anbalakan K et al.. Predictive Models for Mortality in Cardiogenic Shock: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Critical care medicine 2026. link 19 Karamasis GV, Polyzogopoulou E, Varlamos C, Frantzeskaki F, Dragona VM, Boultadakis A et al.. Implementation of a cardiogenic shock team in a tertiary academic center. Hellenic journal of cardiology : HJC = Hellenike kardiologike epitheorese 2026. link 20 Diaz-Arocutipa C, Salguero-Bodes R, Jiménez-Manso R, Martín-Asenjo R, Lopez-Bendezu G, Vicent L. Sex Differences in Frailty-Associated Outcomes of Patients with Cardiogenic Shock. Shock (Augusta, Ga.) 2026. link 21 Yang Y, Wang L, Li C, Wang H, Hao X, Du Z et al.. Early Exposure to Arterial Hyperoxia During Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenator Support and Acute Brain Injury and Mortality in Patients With Cardiogenic Shock. Anesthesia and analgesia 2026. link 22 Morici N, Sacco A, Bernasconi DP, Frea S, Maj G, D'Ettore N et al.. Escalation From Intra-Aortic Balloon Pump in Cardiogenic Shock Patients: A Multistate Analysis of the Altshock-2 Registry. The American journal of cardiology 2026. link 23 Florens N, Cherbi M, Puymirat E, Bonello L, Roubille F, Schurtz G et al.. Acute renal replacement therapy in cardiogenic shock: Prognostic impact of timing, modality, and indications - Insights from the FRENSHOCK study. Journal of critical care 2026. link 24 Obradovic D, Schulz L, Loncar G, Mangner N, Linke A, Zeymer U et al.. Prognostic performance of cardiogenic shock 4 proteins prediction model in infarct-related cardiogenic shock. ESC heart failure 2026. link 25 Cherbi M, Roubille F, Bonnefoy E, Gautier P, Puymirat E, Baudry G et al.. Clinical impact of congestion in patients admitted for cardiogenic shock. Archives of cardiovascular diseases 2026. link 26 Izekor B, Adams K, Hammonds K, Costa C, Lee J, Fan J et al.. Outcomes of patients with cardiogenic shock and atrial fibrillation receiving pulmonary vein isolation or AV node ablation and cardiac resynchronization. Journal of interventional cardiac electrophysiology : an international journal of arrhythmias and pacing 2026. link 27 Yang H, Luo L, Song Y, Cao J, Chen J, Zhang F et al.. ECMO versus IABP for patients with STEMI complicated by cardiogenic shock undergoing primary PCI: a Chinese National Study and propensity-matched analysis. Hellenic journal of cardiology : HJC = Hellenike kardiologike epitheorese 2026. link 28 Vallabhajosyula S, Mehta C, Jindal A, Mehta A, Khetpal V, Jentzer JC et al.. Cardiogenic Shock Detection Using Electronic Medical Records: A Review and Blueprint for Clinical Implementation and Future Research. Journal of the American Heart Association 2026. link 29 Bandini M, Querio S, Utzeri E, Cardinale A, Maj G, Audo A et al.. Hemocompatibility related complications in Impella 5+ patients treated with Bivalirudin and dual antiplatelet therapy: a SHEAR score evaluation. Cardiovascular revascularization medicine : including molecular interventions 2026. link 30 Li K, Wang Q, Gao Z, Zhang F, Ma H, Han Y. Transesophageal Echocardiography-Guided Left Heart Decompression via Atrial Septostomy during Venoarterial ECMO: A Report of Four Cases. Journal of cardiothoracic and vascular anesthesia 2026. link 31 Boettger P, Preusse-Sondermann H, Sedighi J, Bayram U, Lemm H, Sossalla S et al.. Acute kidney injury as a prognostic determinant in cardiogenic shock: a cohort study. Clinical and experimental nephrology 2026. link 32 Desai AV, Connolly JE, Rani R, Minhas AS, Johnston P, Rahman F. Timing of microaxial flow pump in acute myocardial infarction related cardiogenic shock: A national analysis of mortality and complications. Cardiovascular revascularization medicine : including molecular interventions 2026. link 33 Mangner N, Beske RP, Hassager C, Jensen LO, Eiskjær H, Linke A et al.. Sex-Specific Microaxial Flow Pump Use and Outcomes in Infarct-Related Cardiogenic Shock in the DanGer Shock Trial. Journal of the American College of Cardiology 2026. link 34 Neumann A, Higuita LS, Buob J, Berger R, Acharya M, Popov AF. Differential Hypoxemia During Veno-Arterial Extracorporeal Organ Support: Its Impact on Mortality and Different Treatment Strategies. Artificial organs 2026. link 35 Ning YL, Guan TX, Niu XL, Ma QQ, Zhang YN, Peng TY et al.. Vasoactive-Inotropic Score Reduction Rate Is Highly Associated With Prognosis for Critically Ill Patients With Cardiogenic Shock: Insights From the Real-World Dynamic Data. Cardiovascular therapeutics 2026. link 36 Rekhtman D, Iyengar A, Song C, Asher M, Shin M, Catalano M et al.. Impact of Prolonged Impella 5.5 Support on Post-Transplant Outcomes: An Institutional Study. Clinical transplantation 2026. link 37 Adi A, Jain R, Guru S, Calvo A, Samdrup D, Yonghang S et al.. Antimicrobial Use in Acute Myocardial Infarction-Related Cardiogenic Shock. Journal of the American Heart Association 2026. link 38 Xie L, Chen J, Li Y, Luo S, Huang B. Magnesium Sulfate in Cardiogenic Shock Patients: A Retrospective Propensity Score-Matched Cohort Study. Cardiovascular drugs and therapy 2026. link 39 Jensen LO, Beske RP, Eiskjær H, Mangner N, Polzin A, Schulze PC et al.. Delay From First Symptoms in Patients Presenting With STEMI and Cardiogenic Shock: Insights From the DanGer Shock Trial. Circulation. Cardiovascular interventions 2026. link 40 Terauchi T, Yamamoto M, Hiraya D, Motegi Y, Minami K, Kawamatsu N et al.. Early door-to-unloading and in-hospital mortality in patients with non-acute coronary syndrome cardiogenic shock undergoing Impella introduction. Journal of cardiology 2026. link 41 Samuels A, Zolotarova T, Eisenberg MJ. Cardiogenic Shock: A State-of-the-Art Review. The American journal of cardiology 2026. link 42 Zeymer-von Metnitz D, Ouarrak T, Huber K, Noc M, Desch S, Freund A et al.. Mild induced hypothermia in patients with infarct-related cardiogenic shock and cardiac arrest: insights from the CULPRIT-SHOCK trial. European heart journal. Acute cardiovascular care 2026. link 43 Ostadal P. Clinical diagnostic criteria for cardiogenic shock should be based on pathophysiology. Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology 2026. link 44 Cherbi M, Roubille F, Lamblin N, Puymirat E, Elbaz M, Bonnefoy E et al.. Cardiogenic shock: Who benefits from heart replacement therapy?. International journal of cardiology 2026. link 45 Moyon Q, Stern J, Pineton de Chambrun M, Lebreton G, Para M, Chommeloux J et al.. Impact of body mass index on 90-day survival in patients in cardiogenic shock treated with V-A ECMO: A propensity weighted analysis. Journal of critical care 2026. link 46 Motoji Y, Kitamura T, Mishima T, Fukuzumi M, Kondo R, Tamura Y et al.. Inhaled nitric oxide therapy is effective in improving right ventricular function in patients receiving ECPELLA support. General thoracic and cardiovascular surgery 2026. link 47 Florek K, Zimoch W, Biegus J. Istaroxime - update of data in early cardiogenic shock and decompensated heart failure. Expert opinion on investigational drugs 2026. link 48 El Banayosy AM, Brewer JM, Cunningham LC, Vanhooser DW, Bell MT, Cain K et al.. Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for acute decompensated heart failure: Encouraging long term outcomes. The International journal of artificial organs 2026. link 49 Zhao GM, Zhao GM, Zhang H, Chen W, Zhou JX, Li HL. Clinical outcomes of levosimendan administration in veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation: a meta-analysis. BMJ open 2025. link 50 Comis A, Immè S, Tamburino C, Tamburino C. Emergency Transcatheter Aortic Valve in Sutureless Valve Replacement for Managing Cardiogenic Shock. Catheterization and cardiovascular interventions : official journal of the Society for Cardiac Angiography & Interventions 2025. link 51 Morici N, Foglia E, Ferrario L, Pedersini P, Corda M, Ravera A et al.. ENIGMA-shock: protocol for a study framEwork for aN InteGrated assessMent of cArdiac rehabilitation programmes in patients acutely managed for cardiogenic shock. BMJ open 2025. link 52 Varshney AS, Palazzolo MG, Barnett CF, Bohula EA, Burke JA, Chaudhry SP et al.. Epidemiology and Prognostic Significance of Acute Noncardiac Organ Dysfunction Across Cardiogenic Shock Subtypes. Journal of cardiac failure 2025. link 53 Mondellini GM, van den Enden AJM, Van Mieghem NM. Perspectives on why DanGer Shock is the first positive trial on mechanical circulatory support in cardiogenic shock. Heart failure reviews 2025. link 54 John KJ, Hernandez-Montfort J, Kanwar MK, Li S, Garan AR, Sinha SS et al.. Utilization and Outcomes of Temporary Percutaneous Right Ventricular Assist Devices in Cardiogenic Shock. ASAIO journal (American Society for Artificial Internal Organs : 1992) 2025. link 55 Piccoli J, Ehrlich T, Ferraro F, Falanga A, Groubatch-Joineau F, Marie V et al.. Early impact of CytoSorb® adsorber on proinflammatory cytokine plasmatic levels in a porcine model of refractory cardiogenic shock supported with VA-ECMO. BMC cardiovascular disorders 2025. link 56 van Steenwijk MPJ, van Rosmalen J, Elzo Kraemer CV, Donker DW, Hermens JAJM, Kraaijeveld AO et al.. A randomized embedded multifactorial adaptive platform for extra corporeal membrane oxygenation (REMAP ECMO) - design and rationale of the left ventricular unloading trial domain. American heart journal 2025. link 57 García-García C, López-Sobrino T, Sanz-Girgas E, Cueto MR, Aboal J, Pastor P et al.. Cardiogenic shock mortality according to Aetiology in a Mediterranean cohort: Results from the Shock-CAT study. ESC heart failure 2025. link 58 Dimond MG, Rosner CM, Lee SB, Shakoor U, Samadani T, Batchelor WB et al.. Guideline-directed medical therapy implementation during hospitalization for cardiogenic shock. ESC heart failure 2025. link 59 Abuelazm M, Nawlo A, Ibrahim AA, Amin AM, Mahmoud A, Elshenawy S et al.. Early left ventricular unloading during extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in cardiogenic shock: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Artificial organs 2025. link 60 Duong VD, Aludaat C, Kouadri G, Scherrer V, Clavier T, Demailly Z et al.. Association Between Pulmonary Artery Pulsatility Index and Radial Artery Pulse Pressure and Successful Separation from Peripheral Veno-Arterial Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation: A French Single-Center Retrospective Study From 2017 to 2021. Journal of cardiothoracic and vascular anesthesia 2025. link 61 Patlolla SS, Alam AH, Katz JN, Hall SA. Tailored Therapy in Cardiogenic Shock: Case-Based Management Choices. The American journal of cardiology 2025. link 62 Brainard BM, Coleman AE, Kurosawa A, Rush JE, Hogan DF, Brooks MB et al.. Therapy with clopidogrel or rivaroxaban has equivalent impacts on recurrence of thromboembolism and survival in cats following cardiogenic thromboembolism: the SUPERCAT study. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 2025. link 63 Isath A, Fishkin T, Spira Y, Frishman WH, Aronow WS, Levine A et al.. Emerging Modalities for Temporary Mechanical Circulatory Support in Cardiogenic Shock. Cardiology in review 2025. link 64 Siraw BB, Ebrahim MA, Isha S, Patel P, Mehadi AY, Zaher EA et al.. The impact of liver cirrhosis on in-hospital outcomes among patients hospitalized for cardiogenic shock: A propensity score matched retrospective cohort study. Journal of cardiology 2025. link 65 Martins-Fernandes D, Rocha-Neves J, Ferreira AR, Martins H, Gaião S, Paiva JA. Assessment of percutaneous closure for decannulation of veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation: A retrospective study. The journal of vascular access 2025. link 66 Wang X, Fan X, Wu T, Che S, Shi X, Liu P et al.. A CLINICAL PREDICTION MODEL FOR SHORT-TERM PROGNOSIS IN PATIENTS WITH NON-ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION-RELATED CARDIOGENIC SHOCK. Shock (Augusta, Ga.) 2025. link 67 Kim Y, Jang WJ, Park IH, Oh JH, Yang JH, Gwon HC et al.. Prognostic effect of sex according to shock severity in patients with acute myocardial infarction complicated by cardiogenic shock. Hellenic journal of cardiology : HJC = Hellenike kardiologike epitheorese 2025. link 68 Elad B, Karas M, Changhee L, Oren D, Fried J, Raikhelkar J et al.. Mechanical circulatory support for cardiogenic shock during the peripartum period. Artificial organs 2025. link 69 Ughetto A, Nagot N, Delmas C. Could emulated trials play a key role in cardiogenic shock trials?. The Journal of heart and lung transplantation : the official publication of the International Society for Heart Transplantation 2025. link 70 Sundermeyer J, Kellner C, Beer BN, Dettling A, Besch L, Blankenberg S et al.. Timing of veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support in patients with cardiogenic shock. European journal of heart failure 2025. link 71 Montisci A, Ambrosi S, Baudo M, Muratore R, Cuttone G, D'Ettore N et al.. Unveiling Baseline Clinical Divergence in VA ECMO vs. ECPELLA: Tailoring Treatment for Distinct Patient Profiles. A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Journal of cardiothoracic and vascular anesthesia 2025. link 72 Lanmüller P, Hinrichs N, Nersesian G, Lewin D, O'Brien B, Falk V et al.. Left Ventricular Unloading With Surgically Implanted Microaxial Flow Pump in Patients on Venoarterial Membrane Oxygenation. ASAIO journal (American Society for Artificial Internal Organs : 1992) 2025. link 73 Vale JD, Kantor E, Papin G, Sonneville R, Braham W, Para M et al.. Femoro-axillary versus femoro-femoral veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for refractory cardiogenic shock: A monocentric retrospective study. Perfusion 2025. link 74 Ortega-Hernández JA, González-Pacheco H, García-Ruiz M, Manzur-Sandoval D, Gopar-Nieto R, Sierra-Lara-Martínez D et al.. Effect of pulmonary artery catheter, type & combination of vasoactives for optimizing lactate clearance in acute myocardial infarction complicated by cardiogenic shock. Journal of critical care 2025. link 75 Kalra A, Kang JK, Wilcox C, Shou BL, Brown P, Rycus P et al.. Pulse Pressure and Acute Brain Injury in Venoarterial Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation: An Extracorporeal Life Support Organization Registry Analysis. ASAIO journal (American Society for Artificial Internal Organs : 1992) 2025. link 76 Ott S, Germinario L, Müller-Wirtz LM, Nersesian G, Hennig F, Hommel M et al.. Impact of complications on survival outcomes in different temporary mechanical circulatory support techniques: A large retrospective cohort study of cardiac surgical and nonsurgical patients. The Journal of heart and lung transplantation : the official publication of the International Society for Heart Transplantation 2025. link 77 Cakmak AY, Erdoğan SB, Sargın M, Er H, Usca MK, Hasbal B et al.. Acquired antithrombin deficiency in adult patients with postcardiotomy extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. Perfusion 2025. link 78 Gu Y, Bjelic M, Panda K, Wyrobek J, Lander H, Wu I et al.. Crossing Boundaries: Utilizing Left-sided Impella for Right Ventricular Mechanical Support and Intraoperative Transesophageal Echocardiogram Considerations. Journal of cardiothoracic and vascular anesthesia 2025. link 79 Wengenmayer T, Hirth ML, Jäckel M, Bemtgen X, Kaier K, Biever PM et al.. Early Albumin Administration in Veno-Arterial Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation. Artificial organs 2025. link 80 Bandini M, D'Ettore N, Iannotti W, Capobianco T, Maj G, Cardinale A et al.. Midterm outcomes of patients with native heart recovery after Impella 5+ for cardiogenic shock. European journal of heart failure 2025. link 81 Yokoi M, Ito T, Shintani Y, Kawada Y, Mizoguchi T, Yamabe S et al.. Clinical characteristics and short-term outcomes in patients with cardiogenic shock undergoing mechanical circulatory support escalation from intra-aortic balloon pump to impella: From the J-PVAD registry. Journal of cardiology 2025. link 82 Al-Bassam W, Noaman S, Kumar R, Glassford N, Jones D, Jones C et al.. Clinical outcomes of cardiogenic shock among critically ill patients admitted to intensive care units in Australia and New Zealand from 2003 to 2022. Journal of critical care 2025. link 83 Tarantini G, Panza A, Lorenzoni G, Gregori D, Masiero G. Breaking Down Cardiogenic Shock: An Analytical Reflection on the DanGer-SHOCK and ECLS-SHOCK Trials. The American journal of cardiology 2025. link 84 Volle K, Merdji H, Bataille V, Lamblin N, Roubille F, Levy B et al.. Ventilation strategies in cardiogenic shock: insights from the FRENSHOCK observational registry. Clinical research in cardiology : official journal of the German Cardiac Society 2025. link 85 Peters EJ, Ten Berg S, Bogerd M, Engström AE, Lagrand WK, Timmermans MJC et al.. Sex disparities in myocardial infarction related cardiogenic shock. International journal of cardiology 2025. link 86 Kadavath S, Dupont A, Voeltz M. Strategies to Improve Clinical Outcomes of Women with Cardiogenic Shock. Interventional cardiology clinics 2025. link 87 Raja KM, Plazak M, Rabin J, Shah A, Grabenstein I, Rao A et al.. Hypoalbuminemia is a predictor of mortality in patients with cardiogenic shock requiring veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. Perfusion 2025. link 88 Suzuki S, Teraoka N, Ito K, Okuma Y, Kimura K, Minamisawa M et al.. A Novel Predictive Score Model for Successful Weaning From Mechanical Circulatory Support in Patients With Cardiogenic Shock. Journal of cardiac failure 2025. link 89 Soh BWT, Gracias CS, Dean A, Kumar J, Asgedom S, Matiullah S et al.. A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Efficacy and Safety of Combined Mechanical Circulatory Support in Acute Myocardial Infarction Related Cardiogenic Shock. Catheterization and cardiovascular interventions : official journal of the Society for Cardiac Angiography & Interventions 2025. link 90 Karamat M, Patel B, Khanal R, Hamza M, Fakhra S, Yadav R et al.. Sex-related differences in patients with acute myocardial infarction complicated by cardiogenic shock: A systematic review and meta-analysis. The American journal of the medical sciences 2025. link 91 Villablanca PA, Fadel RA, Giustino G, Jabri A, Basir MB, Cowger J et al.. Hemodynamic Effects and Clinical Outcomes of Left Atrial Veno-Arterial Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (LAVA-ECMO) in Cardiogenic Shock. The American journal of cardiology 2025. link 92 Nakamura M, Imamura T, Kinugawa K. Contemporary optimal therapeutic strategy with escalation/de-escalation of temporary mechanical circulatory support in patients with cardiogenic shock and advanced heart failure in Japan. Journal of artificial organs : the official journal of the Japanese Society for Artificial Organs 2025. link 93 Boni RL, Calderon TC. Telehealth to Expedite Cardiogenic Shock Diagnosis and Treatment: A Case Report. AACN advanced critical care 2025. link 94 Baldetti L, Romagnolo D, Festi M, Beneduce A, Gurrieri D, Peveri B et al.. Impella malrotation affects left ventricle unloading in cardiogenic shock patients. ESC heart failure 2025. link 95 Zeitouni M, Dorvillius E, Sulman D, Procopi N, Beaupré F, Devos P et al.. Levosimendan in Patients with Cardiogenic Shock Refractory to Dobutamine Weaning. American journal of cardiovascular drugs : drugs, devices, and other interventions 2025. link 96 Rusnak J, Schupp T, Weidner K, Ruka M, Egner-Walter S, Forner J et al.. Influence of Right and Left Bundle Branch Block in Patients With Cardiogenic Shock and Cardiac Arrest. Critical care medicine 2025. link 97 Nakamura M, Imamura T, Fujioka H, Nakagaito M, Ueno H, Kinugawa K. Impact of the spleen size on short-term prognosis in patients with cardiogenic shock receiving Impella-incorporated temporary mechanical circulatory support. Journal of artificial organs : the official journal of the Japanese Society for Artificial Organs 2025. link 98 Yuen T, Senaratne JM. Definition, Classification, and Management of Primary Noncardiac Causes of Cardiogenic Shock. The Canadian journal of cardiology 2025. link 99 Kotani Y, Yamamoto T, Koroki T, Yaguchi T, Nakamura Y, Tonai M et al.. MECHANICAL LEFT VENTRICULAR UNLOADING IN CARDIOGENIC SHOCK TREATED WITH VENOARTERIAL EXTRACORPOREAL MEMBRANE OXYGENATION: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS. Shock (Augusta, Ga.) 2025. link 100 Beckmeyer HW, Feld J, Köppe J, Faldum A, Dröge P, Ruhnke T et al.. Sex-specific outcomes in acute myocardial infarction-associated cardiogenic shock treated with and without V-A ECMO: a retrospective German nationwide analysis from 2014 to 2018. Heart and vessels 2025. link

Original source

[1]
Will Dynamic Evaluation of Cardiogenic Shock Using Machine Learning Models Lead to Improved Survival? — Goel V, Chan W, Tan J, Lo S, Nelson AJ, Stub D et al. Heart, lung & circulation (2026)
[2]
Towards an understanding of best practice: The good, the bad and the future of cardiogenic shock teams. — Senman B, Sinha SS, Truesdell AG, Safiriyu I, Drakos S, Dupont AG et al. American heart journal (2026)
[3]
Optimizing Patient Selection, Referral Timing, and Advanced Therapies in Cardiogenic Shock. — Godding M, Haji M, Vargas I, Mehta C, Kataria R Heart failure clinics (2026)
[4]
Best of European Heart Journal-Acute Cardiovascular Care (2024-25): cardiogenic shock and mechanical circulatory support. — Grand J, Freund A, Møller JE European heart journal. Acute cardiovascular care (2026)
[5]
Clinical Significance of Change in Left Atrial Strain during Weaning from Venoarterial Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation. — Shin H, Kim J, Hong D, Bak M, Kim D, Choi JO et al. Journal of the American Society of Echocardiography : official publication of the American Society of Echocardiography (2026)
[6]
Therapeutic Advances in the Management of Cardiogenic Shock. — Filipescu R, Collins SP, Radu RI, Ben Gal T, Antohi L, Abdelhamid M et al. American journal of therapeutics (2026)
[7]
Urgent Transcatheter Edge-To-Edge Mitral Valve Repair in Cardiogenic Shock: A Case Series. — Ahmed U, Kim C, Sharkey A, Laham R, Mahmood F, Liu DC A&A practice (2026)
[8]
Outcomes with Impella CP in acute myocardial infarction vs heart failure cardiogenic shock: Insights from the Cardiogenic Shock Working Group. — Carnicelli AP, Sinha SS, Li S, Li B, Esposito M, Kataria R et al. The Journal of heart and lung transplantation : the official publication of the International Society for Heart Transplantation (2026)
[9]
Temporary circulatory support for cardiogenic shock: technology overview and limitations. — Zhang Y, Karimov JH, Hsu PL, Wu T, Chen S Expert review of medical devices (2026)
[10]
Prognostic Factors Among Patients Receiving Microaxial Flow Pump for Acute Myocardial Infarction-Related Cardiogenic Shock: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. — Parlow S, Jung RG, Almoosawy SA, Lepage-Ratte MF, Durr M, Mathieu ME et al. Critical care medicine (2026)
[11]
Acid-Base Status During Venoarterial Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenator Support in Patients With Cardiogenic Shock. — Dahiya G, Bohman JK, Tonna JE, Hillerson DB, Augustin KJ, Yalamuri SM et al. Journal of the American Heart Association (2026)
[12]
Central versus peripheral VA ECMO for cardiogenic shock: an 8-year experience of a tertiary cardiac surgery center in Greece. — Antonopoulos M, Koliopoulou A, Elaiopoulos D, Kolovou K, Doubou D, Smyrli A et al. Hellenic journal of cardiology : HJC = Hellenike kardiologike epitheorese (2026)
[13]
Pulmonary Artery Catheter Monitoring in Cardiogenic Shock: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. — Ortega-Hernández JA, Chacon-Lozsan FJ, Baldetti L, Gallone G, Bocchino PP, Cacioli G et al. Shock (Augusta, Ga.) (2026)
[14]
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