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Ophthalmology1037 papers

Ophthalmic migraine

Last edited: 4/23/2026

Overview

Ophthalmic migraine, also known as ocular migraine, involves recurrent episodes characterized by visual disturbances without associated headache, primarily affecting vision in one eye. These episodes can mimic other serious ocular conditions and require careful differentiation 1824.

Diagnosis

  • Visual Symptoms: Distorted vision, blind spots, flashing lights, or temporary vision loss, typically unilateral 18.
  • Absence of Headache: Unlike typical migraines, ophthalmic migraines often lack associated headache 24.
  • Temporary Nature: Symptoms usually resolve spontaneously within minutes to hours 18.
  • Diagnostic Tests: No specific tests; clinical history and exclusion of other ocular pathologies are key 18.
  • Management

  • Observation: Often no specific treatment is required; observation and reassurance are sufficient 18.
  • Avoid Triggers: Identify and avoid potential triggers such as stress, certain foods, or hormonal changes 18.
  • Medication: In cases where symptoms are severe or frequent, consider beta-blockers or calcium channel antagonists for prophylaxis (specific drug classes mentioned without detailed dosing) 18.
  • Special Populations

  • Pediatrics: Limited data; careful evaluation to rule out other pediatric ocular conditions is crucial 18.
  • Elderly: Increased vigilance to differentiate from other age-related ocular disorders 18.
  • Comorbidities: No specific recommendations vary based on comorbidities; general management principles apply 18.
  • Key Recommendations

  • Clinical Evaluation: Conduct thorough clinical evaluation to exclude other ocular pathologies 18.
  • Patient Education: Educate patients about the benign nature of symptoms and potential triggers 18.
  • Monitor Symptoms: Regularly monitor patients for changes in symptomatology or frequency, considering referral if necessary 18.
  • (Evidence: Expert opinion)

    References

    Showing 100 most recent of 983 indexed papers.

    1 Jin K, Yu T, Grzybowski A. Multimodal artificial intelligence in ophthalmology: Applications, challenges, and future directions. Survey of ophthalmology 2026. link 2 Kamel K, Yu AJ, Choi AY, Sadeghi E, Chhablani J. Racial disparities in ophthalmology clinical trials: barriers to participation and potential solutions. Eye (London, England) 2026. link 3 Wang ET, Song SS, Peng KC, Liu TYA. Comparison between China-based DeepSeek and US-based major LLMs in answering social determinants of health questions in ophthalmology. Asia-Pacific journal of ophthalmology (Philadelphia, Pa.) 2026. link 4 Paredes AA, Banoub RG, Gill GS, Bains HK, Sibia AS, Sanghvi HA et al.. A Review of Recent Developments in Artificial Intelligence and Big Data Technologies for Ophthalmology Referrals and Clinical Practice. Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research 2026. link 5 Yan J, Liu H, Gao L, Li S, Zang X, Zhang Q et al.. Learning Experiences of Baccalaureate Nursing Students in an Ideological and Political Education-Integrated Ophthalmic Nursing Course: A Qualitative Study. Nursing open 2026. link 6 Yang-Seeger D, Schellstede A, Pauleikhoff LJB, Spitzer MS, Birtel J. Patients' Perspectives on Climate Change, Health, and Sustainability in Ophthalmology. Ophthalmologica. Journal international d'ophtalmologie. International journal of ophthalmology. Zeitschrift fur Augenheilkunde 2026. link 7 Rocha H, Chong YJ, Thirunavukarasu AJ, Wong YL, Wong SW, Chang YH et al.. Performance of Foundation Models vs Physicians in Textual and Multimodal Ophthalmological Questions. JAMA ophthalmology 2026. link 8 Chuenkongkaew W, Chalermpong J, Kiddee W, Hanutsaha P, Manassakorn A, Suwan-Apichon O et al.. Perception of online learning, knowledge assessment, and clinical skills among third-year ophthalmology residents studying during the COVID-19 pandemic in Thailand. Scientific reports 2026. link 9 Soetikno BT, Nielsen CS, Pollreisz A, Ting DSW. Toward autonomous discovery: agentic AI and the future of ophthalmic research. Current opinion in ophthalmology 2026. link 10 Heider MR, Tian TE, Lee AM, Tailor PD, Starr MR. Private equity in ophthalmology: geographic trends reveal urban-rural disparities in acquisitions and satellite expansion. Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie 2026. link 11 Zhang WP, Lv HJ, Pan AP, Zhang WX, Shao X, Qu YZ et al.. Femtosecond lasers in ophthalmology: Mechanisms, clinical breakthroughs, and multidisciplinary frontiers. Progress in retinal and eye research 2026. link 12 Ferrara M, Raguzzi G, Mezzetti G, Simonetti A, Ancona C, Angi M et al.. Challenges in ophthalmic consultations and strategic communication. BMJ open ophthalmology 2026. link 13 Wang Z, Xu C, Wang L, Qiang W, Li Y, Li D et al.. Evaluating reasoning large language models with human-like thinking in ophthalmic question answering. BMJ open ophthalmology 2026. link 14 Karataş G, Kırık F, Karataş ME, Çakır A, Özdemir H. Comparative performance of ChatGPT o3-mini-high and DeepSeek-R1 in ophthalmology: An evaluation of diagnostic reasoning and case-based problem solving. Journal francais d'ophtalmologie 2026. link 15 Lima JP, Islam N, Movahed H, Alaimo D, Carciumaru B, Sun D et al.. OphthoEvidence report: Protocol for quality appraisal of clinical practice guidelines in ophthalmology. Eye (London, England) 2026. link 16 Chaudhry M, Bratten C, Paul E, Oldham E, Elghzali A, Elfar A et al.. Evaluating the prevalence and application of data sharing statements in high-impact ophthalmology journals. Eye (London, England) 2026. link 17 Borges S, DeLuca NJ, Pereira VA, Borges V, Cavuoto KM. Language Accessibility at Select Academic Ophthalmology Centers Across US Metropolitan Areas. JAMA ophthalmology 2026. link 18 Zhang M, Bi H, Guo D. Advances in study of endoplasmic reticulum stress in ophthalmic diseases: an overview. Biochemical and biophysical research communications 2026. link 19 Dowlati E, Oh SY, Golub D, White TG, Ballout AA, Link TW et al.. Endovascular-assisted microsurgical clipping of ophthalmic segment aneurysms. Acta neurochirurgica 2026. link 20 Zhang H, Zhang H, Jiang M, Li J, Li J, Zhou H et al.. Radiomics in ophthalmology: a systematic review. European radiology 2025. link 21 Zhang Z, Zhang H, Pan Z, Bi Z, Wan Y, Song X et al.. Evaluating Large Language Models in Ophthalmology: Systematic Review. Journal of medical Internet research 2025. link 22 Tailor PD, D'Souza HS, Castillejo Becerra CM, Dahl HM, Patel NR, Kaplan TM et al.. Evaluation of AI Summaries on Interdisciplinary Understanding of Ophthalmology Notes. JAMA ophthalmology 2025. link 23 Rajeswaren V, Croniger B, Dirani K, Wilson MR. Adherence to Updated Race and Ethnicity Reporting Guidance in Ophthalmology Journals. JAMA network open 2025. link 24 Chen RI, Vanner EA, Chang TC. Effect of COVID-19 Shelter-In-Place Orders on Visual Outcomes of Ophthalmic Surgical Emergencies. Ophthalmic epidemiology 2025. link 25 Novack GD, Brock WJ, Schupp AR. Translation From Ophthalmic Research to Ophthalmic Products. American journal of ophthalmology 2025. link 26 Zheng H, Dong H, Zhao H. Trends and advances in ChatGPT applications in ophthalmology. Journal francais d'ophtalmologie 2025. link 27 Bai M, Fu MY, Borchert GA, Lee NS, Sidhu AS, Jiang I et al.. The spatulated glass rod: low-tech instrument for high-impact ophthalmic diagnosis and treatment. International ophthalmology 2025. link 28 Ader M, Cursiefen C, Fauser S, Gliem M, Helbig H, Lagrèze W et al.. Ophthalmological research in Germany: suggestions by an international expert panel. Die Ophthalmologie 2025. link 29 Katz G, Zloto O, Hostovsky A, Huna-Baron R, Ben-Bassat Mizrachi I, Burgansky Z et al.. Chat GPT vs an experienced ophthalmologist: evaluating chatbot writing performance in ophthalmology. Eye (London, England) 2025. link 30 Amos WB. Principles of microscopy for ophthalmologists. Eye (London, England) 2025. link 31 Olawade DB, Weerasinghe K, Mathugamage MDDE, Odetayo A, Aderinto N, Teke J et al.. Enhancing Ophthalmic Diagnosis and Treatment with Artificial Intelligence. Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) 2025. link 32 Choudhry HS, Patel RH, Salloum L, McCloskey J, Goshe JM. Association Between Neighborhood Deprivation and Number of Ophthalmology Providers. Ophthalmic epidemiology 2025. link 33 Kong AW. The illustrative role of ophthalmology subspecialists. Journal of visual communication in medicine 2025. link 34 Woś R, Sys D. The role of tele-ophthalmology in modern eye care: A mixed-methods investigation of patient satisfaction and effectiveness. European journal of ophthalmology 2025. link 35 Tan TF, Quek C, Wong J, Ting DSW. A look at the emerging trends of large language models in ophthalmology. Current opinion in ophthalmology 2025. link 36 Lansingh VC, Lopez E, Gallo JE, Tuttle JJ, Banuet-Martinez M. An Analysis of the Bibliometrics of the Mexican Institute in Ophthalmology: A Case Study of an Emerging Research-Based Educational Health Institute. Medical reference services quarterly 2025. link 37 Saad A, Turgut F, Becker M, DeBuc D, Somfai GM. Stakeholder Attitudes on AI Integration in Ophthalmology. Klinische Monatsblatter fur Augenheilkunde 2025. link 38 Otti V, Clough N, Gishen F, Russell M, Mathew RG. How to Codesign Infographics to Teach Clinical Skills. The clinical teacher 2025. link 39 Wang LB, Xu CM. ENHANCING OPHTHALMIC NURSING EDUCATION: A COMPREHENSIVE APPROACH TO CLINICAL TEACHING AND TRAINING. Georgian medical news 2025. link 40 Artiaga JCM, Guevarra MCB, Sosuan GMN, Agnihotri AP, Nagel ID, Kalaw FGP. Large language models in ophthalmology: a scoping review on their utility for clinicians, researchers, patients, and educators. Eye (London, England) 2025. link 41 Kreso A, Boban Z, Kabic S, Rada F, Batistic D, Barun I et al.. Using large language models as decision support tools in emergency ophthalmology. International journal of medical informatics 2025. link 42 David D, Zloto O, Katz G, Huna-Baron R, Vishnevskia-Dai V, Armarnik S et al.. The use of artificial intelligence based chat bots in ophthalmology triage. Eye (London, England) 2025. link 43 Srinivasan S, Ai X, Zou M, Zou K, Kim H, Lo TWS et al.. Ophthalmological Question Answering and Reasoning Using OpenAI o1 vs Other Large Language Models. JAMA ophthalmology 2025. link 44 Li Z, Song D, Yang Z, Wang D, Li F, Zhang X et al.. VisionUnite: A Vision-Language Foundation Model for Ophthalmology Enhanced With Clinical Knowledge. IEEE transactions on pattern analysis and machine intelligence 2025. link 45 Casazza M, Bolz M, Huemer J. Telemedicine in ophthalmology. Wiener medizinische Wochenschrift (1946) 2025. link 46 Thanitcul C, Schnabel S, Bartley GB, Lee AG, Crump H, Fajardo DE et al.. Ophthalmic Knowledge Assessment Program Scores and Written Qualifying Examination Performance. JAMA ophthalmology 2025. link 47 Wei Y, Lin Y, Li Y, Liu J, Yang Y, Chen H et al.. Redefining cell death: ferroptosis as a game-changer in ophthalmology. Frontiers in immunology 2025. link 48 Ramessur R, Crosby-Nwaobi R, Lovegrove C, Theodossiades J, Thomas R, Ioannidou E et al.. Exploring factors influencing patient choice in outpatient ophthalmology provider in the North London region: a patient survey. BMJ health & care informatics 2025. link 49 Wang T, Cao J, Gan F, Zhang Y, You Z. Silver nanoparticles: a new frontier in ophthalmic innovation and treatment. Nanomedicine (London, England) 2025. link 50 Chen J, Yuan XL, Liao Z, Zhu W, Zhou X, Duan X. Research Trends and Hotspots of Big Data in Ophthalmology: A Bibliometric Analysis and Visualization. Seminars in ophthalmology 2025. link 51 Yu H, Song J, Li J, Qi Y, Fan Z, Liu Q et al.. Applications of Digital Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assays in Ophthalmology. Cell biochemistry and biophysics 2025. link 52 Zimmermann JA, Dicke C, Arndt M, Hollosi NA, Storp JJ, Eter N. The Oregis Dashboard: Web-based Ophthalmic Research Benchmarking in Germany. Klinische Monatsblatter fur Augenheilkunde 2025. link 53 Saad A, Vicini R, Foa N, Villard F, Vez S, Karal-Biechl AC et al.. Assessment of Ophthalmology Residency Training in Switzerland: A Trainee-Based Survey. Klinische Monatsblatter fur Augenheilkunde 2025. link 54 Vashist P, Manna S, Gupta V, Gupta N, Saxena R, Agrawal S et al.. Human resources and infrastructure for ophthalmic services in India: Results from the National Survey. Indian journal of ophthalmology 2025. link 55 March de Ribot F, March de Ribot A, Elferink S, van Leeuwen R, Chang D, Findl O. Sustainability practices made easy. Eye (London, England) 2025. link 56 Nguyen Q, Nguyen DA, Dang K, Liu S, Wang SY, Woof WA et al.. Advancing Question-Answering in Ophthalmology With Retrieval-Augmented Generation: Benchmarking Open-Source and Proprietary Large Language Models. Translational vision science & technology 2025. link 57 Tao BK, Dhivagaran T, Butt F, Popovic M, Margolin EA, Kohly RP. Industry Sponsorship and Research Outcomes in A Sample of Landmark Ophthalmology Trials. American journal of ophthalmology 2025. link 58 Chen DA, Haney-Tilton JA. Eyeing Opportunity: A Review of Private Equity in Ophthalmology. International ophthalmology clinics 2025. link 59 Kuo IC. Disinfection of outpatient ophthalmic devices: a critique of "semicritical" designation. Journal of cataract and refractive surgery 2025. link 60 Monera Lucas CE, Mora Caballero C, Escolano Serrano J, Machan A, Castilla Martínez G, Romero Valero D et al.. Analysis of ChatGPT-4's performance on ophthalmology questions from the MIR exam. Archivos de la Sociedad Espanola de Oftalmologia 2025. link 61 Masrur A, Yasin YAY, Alhalis EO, Abu Muaileq EAA. Challenges in providing ophthalmic care to children in Gaza. Eastern Mediterranean health journal = La revue de sante de la Mediterranee orientale = al-Majallah al-sihhiyah li-sharq al-mutawassit 2025. link 62 Garay-Aramburu G, Alonso Herreros JM, Núñez Izquierdo M, Márquez Peiró JF, Vázquez Cruchaga E, González Del Valle F et al.. [Translated article] Consensus on intraocular drug preparations. Farmacia hospitalaria : organo oficial de expresion cientifica de la Sociedad Espanola de Farmacia Hospitalaria 2025. link 63 Yeo LYX, Tan CYM, Allen JW, Chai C, Othman KB, Tham YC et al.. Innovative care models: Expanding nurses' and optometrists' roles in ophthalmology. Nursing ethics 2025. link 64 Dunnigan JK, Wang CY, George L, Lee VA, Lai KE, Carey AR et al.. Social media in ophthalmology: A comprehensive literature review. Survey of ophthalmology 2025. link 65 Trouvé L, Mouriaux F, Boulogne A, Lejay A, Dormégny L, Kuntz S et al.. How do patients define a good ophthalmologist? A survey from an academic medical center in France. Journal francais d'ophtalmologie 2025. link 66 Wang J, Su Y, Wang F. Advances in the study of single-walled carbon nanotubes in ophthalmology. Human cell 2025. link 67 Sevgi M, Ruffell E, Antaki F, Chia MA, Keane PA. Foundation models in ophthalmology: opportunities and challenges. Current opinion in ophthalmology 2025. link 68 Kwon M, Jang KJ, Baek SJ, Han YS, Choi H, Lee I et al.. Ophtimus-V2-Tx: a compact domain-specific LLM for ophthalmic diagnosis and treatment planning. Scientific reports 2025. link 69 van der Stelt G, Boot-Brooijmans C, Wieringa WG. Ophthalmology PAs in the Netherlands: A national survey. JAAPA : official journal of the American Academy of Physician Assistants 2025. link 70 Hu M, Zou P, Li T, Wang Y. Evaluating the quality of ChatGPT-generated medical information on major ophthalmic conditions: A comparative assessment against the EQIP tool and guidelines. PloS one 2025. link 71 Korkmaz I, Gurdal M, Arici M, Barut Selver O. Beyond transplants: current and future therapeutic potential of amniotic membrane extract (AME) in ophthalmology. Regenerative medicine 2025. link 72 Bondok M, Selvakumar R, Bondok MS, Khan M, El-Hadad C, Ing E. The reporting of equity-relevant sociodemographics in the Canadian ophthalmology literature. Canadian journal of ophthalmology. Journal canadien d'ophtalmologie 2025. link 73 Huang M, Wang X, Zhou S, Cui X, Zhang Z, Xu Y et al.. Comparative performance of large language models for patient-initiated ophthalmology consultations. Frontiers in public health 2025. link 74 Chen X, Chen R, Xu P, Wan X, Zhang W, Yan B et al.. From visual question answering to intelligent AI agents in ophthalmology. The British journal of ophthalmology 2025. link 75 Liu S, Zhang Y, Ma Z, Li N, Teng X. Research on Constructing a Competency Model for Ophthalmic Nurses Based on Delphi Method. Nursing & health sciences 2025. link 76 Sabaner MC, Yozgat Z. Performance of ChatGPT-4 Omni and Gemini 1.5 Pro on Ophthalmology-Related Questions in the Turkish Medical Specialty Exam. Turkish journal of ophthalmology 2025. link 77 Hillenmayer A, Lofi B, Langhans S, Elhardt C, Wolf A, Wertheimer CM. Neural network for natural language processing to determine treatment urgency in an ophthalmology emergency department. The British journal of ophthalmology 2025. link 78 Sorin V, Kapelushnik N, Hecht I, Zloto O, Glicksberg BS, Bufman H et al.. Integrated visual and text-based analysis of ophthalmology clinical cases using a large language model. Scientific reports 2025. link 79 Wilson H, Bhogal-Bhamra GK, Dhawahir-Scala F, Tromans C, Harper RA. A review of UK primary care pathways for acute ophthalmic conditions. Eye (London, England) 2025. link 80 Maheshwari A, Dave VP, March de Ribot F, Romano MR, Arevalo JF, Özdek Ş et al.. Sustainable ophthalmology: an overview of concepts and practices. Eye (London, England) 2025. link 81 Thirunavukarasu AJ, Guru S, Rocha H, Sekhon C. Treatment allocation in ophthalmological randomised-control trials (TAO-RCT): A cross-sectional meta-research study. Eye (London, England) 2025. link 82 Taloni A, Sangregorio AC, Alessio G, Romeo MA, Coco G, Busin LML et al.. Large language models provide discordant information compared to ophthalmology guidelines. Scientific reports 2025. link 83 Tan NRX, Chan KE, Lim BXH, Giannaccare G, Najjar RP, Lim CHL. Photobiomodulation: evidence and applications in ophthalmology. Current opinion in ophthalmology 2025. link 84 Balas M, Kaplan AJ, Esmail K, Saleh S, Sharma RA, Yan P et al.. Translating ophthalmic medical jargon with artificial intelligence: a comparative comprehension study. Canadian journal of ophthalmology. Journal canadien d'ophtalmologie 2025. link 85 Waisberg E, Ong J, Kamran SA, Masalkhi M, Paladugu P, Zaman N et al.. Generative artificial intelligence in ophthalmology. Survey of ophthalmology 2025. link 86 Doorly R, Ong J, Waisberg E, Sarker P, Zaman N, Tavakkoli A et al.. Applications of generative adversarial networks in the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of ophthalmic diseases. Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie 2025. link 87 Rahat Qureshi A, Micieli JA, Wong JCY. Generative artificial intelligence in ophthalmology: a scoping review of current applications, opportunities, and challenges. Eye (London, England) 2025. link 88 Philips AP, Whaley C. Commercial Price Variation in Ophthalmology. JAMA ophthalmology 2025. link 89 Waldner DM, Garber G, Steen A, Finestone PJ, Liu R, Perron D et al.. Trends in medico-legal cases against Canadian ophthalmologists: a 10-year retrospective review (2013-2022). Canadian journal of ophthalmology. Journal canadien d'ophtalmologie 2025. link 90 Zhuang S, Li L, Chen Y, Sun J, Hao S, Liu J et al.. The effect of visual impairment simulation training grounded in the DIKW model on humanistic practice ability and professional identity of new ophthalmic nurses: A randomized controlled trial. Nurse education in practice 2025. link 91 Brown JS, Mumford S, Alexis DA, Ross AG, Higginbotham EJ. Gender Differences in Patient-Physician Communication in Ophthalmic Practice, Pre- and Post-COVID-19 Period. 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    Original source

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      Racial disparities in ophthalmology clinical trials: barriers to participation and potential solutions.Kamel K, Yu AJ, Choi AY, Sadeghi E, Chhablani J Eye (London, England) (2026)
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      A Review of Recent Developments in Artificial Intelligence and Big Data Technologies for Ophthalmology Referrals and Clinical Practice.Paredes AA, Banoub RG, Gill GS, Bains HK, Sibia AS, Sanghvi HA et al. Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research (2026)
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      Performance of Foundation Models vs Physicians in Textual and Multimodal Ophthalmological Questions.Rocha H, Chong YJ, Thirunavukarasu AJ, Wong YL, Wong SW, Chang YH et al. JAMA ophthalmology (2026)
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      Perception of online learning, knowledge assessment, and clinical skills among third-year ophthalmology residents studying during the COVID-19 pandemic in Thailand.Chuenkongkaew W, Chalermpong J, Kiddee W, Hanutsaha P, Manassakorn A, Suwan-Apichon O et al. Scientific reports (2026)
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      Toward autonomous discovery: agentic AI and the future of ophthalmic research.Soetikno BT, Nielsen CS, Pollreisz A, Ting DSW Current opinion in ophthalmology (2026)
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      Private equity in ophthalmology: geographic trends reveal urban-rural disparities in acquisitions and satellite expansion.Heider MR, Tian TE, Lee AM, Tailor PD, Starr MR Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie (2026)
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      Femtosecond lasers in ophthalmology: Mechanisms, clinical breakthroughs, and multidisciplinary frontiers.Zhang WP, Lv HJ, Pan AP, Zhang WX, Shao X, Qu YZ et al. Progress in retinal and eye research (2026)
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      Challenges in ophthalmic consultations and strategic communication.Ferrara M, Raguzzi G, Mezzetti G, Simonetti A, Ancona C, Angi M et al. BMJ open ophthalmology (2026)
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      Evaluating reasoning large language models with human-like thinking in ophthalmic question answering.Wang Z, Xu C, Wang L, Qiang W, Li Y, Li D et al. BMJ open ophthalmology (2026)
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      Comparative performance of ChatGPT o3-mini-high and DeepSeek-R1 in ophthalmology: An evaluation of diagnostic reasoning and case-based problem solving.Karataş G, Kırık F, Karataş ME, Çakır A, Özdemir H Journal francais d'ophtalmologie (2026)
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